Spain ndiyo inotonga hutongi hune humwe hutongi hune hutongi
Hurumende yeSpain ikozvino ipamende yemitemo yenyika inotungamirirwa neMutemo weSpain, wakapiwa muna 1978 uye inotanga hurumende ine matavi matatu: sarudzo, mutemo, uye mutongi. Musoro wehurumende ndiMambo Felipe VI, mutongi wenhaka. Asi mutungamiri chaiye wehurumende ndiye mutungamiri, kana mutungamiriri wehurumende, uyo ari mukuru wevakuru vakuru vehurumende.
Akasarudzwa namambo asi anofanira kubvumidzwa nebazi rehurumende rehurumende.
Mambo
Mukuru wehurumende yeSpain, Mambo Felipe VI, akatsiviwa nababa vake, Juan Carlos II, muna 2014. Juan Carlos akauya pachigaro muna 1975 paakafa musikana mukuru wezvematongerwo enyika Francisco Franco, uyo akaparadza umambo paakava nesimba muna 1931 ... Franco akadzorera umambo asati afa. Juan Carlos, muzukuru waAlfonso XIII, uyo aiva mambo wokupedzisira Franco asati aparadza hurumende, akabva atanga kudzorera hurumende yehurumende kuSpain, iyo yakaguma muna 1978 kugamuchirwa kweMutemo weSpain. Juan Carlos akashora musi waJune 2, 2014.
Prime Minister
MuchiSpanish, mutungamiri akasarudzwa kazhinji anonzi se- presidente . Zvisinei, izvi zvinotsausa. Presidente , munyaya iyi, iri pfupi kune Presidente del Gobierno de Espana, kana mutungamiri weHurumende yeSpain.
Basa rake rakasiyana kune iro,, anoti, purezidhendi weUnited States kana yeFrance; pane kudaro, inofananidzwa kune iyo iyo mutungamiriri weUnited Kingdom. Kubva muna 2018, mutungamiriri wehurumende ndiye Mariano Rajoy.
Legislature
Dare reSpain rinotonga, Cortes Generales, rinoumbwa nedzimba mbiri.
Imba yakaderera ndiyo Congress of Deputies, uye ine zvikamu 350 zvakasarudzwa. Imba yepamusoro, Senate, inoumbwa nhengo dzakasarudzwa uye vamiririri vezvikwata 17 zveSpain vanozvitonga. Hukuru hwehutano hwahwo hunopesana zvichienderana nehuwandu hwevanhu; kubva muna 2018, pakanga paine 266 senenator.
The Judiciary
Sangano rekutonga reSpain rinotungamirirwa nemagweta uye vatongi vari paGeneral Council. Kune maverengeka akasiyana-siyana ematare edzimhosva, uye iyo yepamusoro iri iyo Supreme Court. Dare reNational Court rine simba pamusoro peSpain, uye nzvimbo imwe neimwe yakazvimirira ine dare rayo. Bumbiro reDare reChishanu rinoparadzaniswa nedare redzimhosva uye rinogadzirisa nyaya dzine chokuita neBumbiro reMitemo uye kukakavadzana pakati pematare edzimhosva uye ezvokudzivirira anotenderera nyaya dzebumbiro remitemo.
Zvibvumirano Zvikamu
Hurumende yeSpain inotarisirwa pasi, ine zvikamu 17 zvinodzivirira uye maguta maviri ezvitongi, ayo ane simba guru pamusoro pemasimba avo, zvichiita kuti hurumende yeSpain isanyanya kusimba. Chimwe nechimwe chine sarudzo yake pachayo uye yehutungamiri webazi. Spain inoparadzaniswa mune zvematongerwo enyika, nechechipiri kuruboshwe nechechipiri, mapato matsva nevanenge vakwegura, uye vezvematongerwe enyika vachitarisana nevatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika. Kuparara kwemari kwenyika muna 2008 uye kupedza kudhura muSpanish kwakawedzera kupatsanurwa uye kwakapa mafambiro mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakagadzirirwa zvekuwedzera hurumende.
Tumhu muCatalonia
Catalonia inzvimbo ine simba yeSpain, imwe yemapfuma uye yakawanda kwazvo. Mutauro waro wemutauro weCatalan, pamwe neSpanish, uye chiCatalan ndiyo inonyanya kukosha kwerudzi urwu. Iko guta guru reBarcelona, ndiro simba rekushanyirwa iro rinozivikanwa neunyanzvi uye huvakwa.
Muna 2017, motokari yekusununguka yakatanga muCatalonia, nevatungamiri vatsigira kuburitswa kwakakwana kwekusununguka kweCatalan munaOctober. Va referendum vakatsigirwa ne90 muzana yevotori vechiCatalonia, asi svondo reSpain Constitutional Court rakazivisa kuti harisi pamutemo, uye kurwisana kwakatanga, nemapurisa akarova vhoti uye vezvematongerwe enyika vakasungwa. Musi waOctober 27, paramende yeCatalan yakaratidza kusununguka kwayo kubva kuSpain, asi hurumende yeSpain muMadrid yakagura paramende uye yakadana rimwe sarudzo munaDecember kune zvigaro zvose muParamende yeCatalan.
Masangano akazvimiririra akakunda zvigaro zviduku asi kwete huwandu hwevhoti yakakurumbira, uye mamiriro acho akanga asina kugadziriswa kubva muna February 2018.
Kufamba kuCatalonia
MunaOctober 2017, Dhipatimendi rehurumende reUnited States rakabudisa mushumo wekuchengeteka kune vanofambira kuCatalonia nekuda kwehupfumi hwezvematongerwo enyika ikoko. Sangano reAmerica kuMadrid uye Consulate General muBarcelona, vanoti vagari vemuUnited States vanofanira kutarisira kuwedzera kwemapurisa uye vanoziva kuti kuratidza rugare kunogona kuva chisimba panguva ipi zvayo nekuda kwekuwedzera kukakavara munharaunda. Iko ambassy pamwe nehurumende huru zvakare vakataura kuti vanotarisira kutakurwa kwekufambisa kunogona kana iwe uchifamba muCatalonia. Iyi nyevero yechipupuriro yaisanganisira zuva rekuguma, uye vafambi vanofanira kufungidzira kuti ichaenderera mberi kusvikira mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika muCatalonia agadziriswa.