Izvo "Dhamasiko" Ngarava dzeHolland America Ita Zita Rokutumidza Mazita
Mumakore anopfuura 130-nhoroondo yeHolland America Line , kune tsika dzakawanda uye maitiro. Apo Ms Nieuw Amsterdam , ms Eurodam , ms Veendam , Ms Ryndam, ms Zuiderdam, ms Oosterdam, ms Westerdam, ms Maasdam , ms Noordam, uye ms Koningsdam vakapinda mubasa raiita tsika dzekutumidza vafambisi nengarava ne "dam" . Yakabatana ne "dam" kuguma kwave iri rwizi rwakakurumbira, gomo, gungwa, guta kana guta uye kazhinji kutungamira kutakura.
"Dham" rinoreva chinhu chimwe chete muchiDutch sezvinoita muchiChirungu - iyo inogadzirisa mhiri korwizi kana dyke inoita kuti gungwa risapfuurira richienda kunyika inotorwazve.
Holland America ship names mazitawo anotora kubva munhoroondo yezvinyorwa zvemasitadhi ezvikepe, achibvumira kambani kubvongodza yakapfuura nekukura kwayo yeramangwana. Zuiderdam, Oosterdam, Westerdam, uye Noordam inotumidzwa kune zasi, kumabvazuva, kumadokero, uye kumusoro kwekambasi hazvisi izvo.
Ndima dziri pasi apa dzinotsanangura nhoroondo yemazita avo. Zviverengeka zvezvikepe zvine mazita akafanana zvakakosha basa munguva yeHondo Yenyika I kana Hondo Yenyika II.
Zuiderdam
Chimbo chokutanga chine chikwata che "Zuider" chakatanga muna 1912 sezvo ngarava yekutakura Zuiderdijk ("dijk" kana kuti "dyk" ndiyo yakakwana inoshandiswa kutakura midziyo yemidziyo; "dham" inoshandiswa kuti vafambise ngarava). Pa 5,211 tani, akaenda nechikepe pakati peRotterdam neSavannah, Georgia, nokuda kweHolland America kusvika muna 1922, nechinguva chiduku munguva yeHondo Yenyika I sekutakura.
Muna 1941, Zuiderdam yakasvika 12,150-ton yakatangwa kubva muchikepe cheRotterdam kuti chigadziriswe. Zvisinei, mwedzi gare gare ngarava yakange yaparara munguva yeBrithani kuendeswa kwemhepo uye kutapudzwa. Hora yakamutswa uye gare gare yakasirwa nemaJermany kuti igadzire chiteshi cheRotterdam kusvika kuAllied access. Mushure meHondo Yenyika II, Zuiderdam zvakare yakamutswa, asi chikepe chacho hachina kumboona kupera.
Oosterdam
Ngarava chete yokutakura chikwata che "Ooster" yaiva 8,251-ton, imwe-prop Oosterdijk. Akatanga kushanda muna 1913, achibvawo kuLotterdam kuenda kuSavannah. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika I, ngarava yakashandira hondo yeAllied.
Westerdam II
Yechipiri Westerdam yakayambuka mafambiro 643 eHolland America Line panguva yekushanda kwemakore anopfuura 13 nekambani.
Ngarava, iyo yakatanga kushanda seyaimbova Home Lines 'Homeric muna 1986, yakatumidzwa kuti Westerdam uye yakashanda nehurumende neHolland America Line musi waNovember 12, 1988.
Kuuya kwaWesterdam kwakaparadzira ngarava kune zvikepe zvina uye kwakaratidza kutanga kwenyika itsva yekukura kweHolland America. Muna 1989, Westerdam yakagadzirwa $ 84 mamiriyoni ekugadziriswa paMeyer Werft ngarava muPapenburg, Germany, kwavakatanga kuvaka. Munguva yakawedzerwa yakaoma, yakange "yakatambanudzwa" nekambani ye-cruise rekodhi yakareba mamita makumi matatu, ichiwedzera simba rayo kusvika 1 494 vaenzi uye ukuru hwayo kubva kune 42 000 matani yakawanda kusvika 53.872.
Mushure mekutakura vatasviyoni vanopfuura mamiriyoni kuCaribbean, Panama Canal uye Alaska, ngarava yakabva kuHolland America mhirizhonga musi waMarch 10, 2002, yakatumirwa kune imwe hanzvadzi yainzi Costa Cruises, uko yakaramba ichiita basa rekufamba kwemvura yeEurope seCosta Europa.
Westerdam I
IWesterdam yekutanga yakaenda kuHolland America Line kubva muna1946 kusvika muna 1965. Chikwata chekutakura zvinhu / chikepe, uye nhumbi shanu dzinobata uye dzimba dzevanhu vatatu vanoenda mukirasi uye vanhu 126 vakagadzirira, ngarava yakaita kuti Atlantic inambuke kaviri pamwedzi pakati pe Rotterdam, Netherlands , uye New York City. Ngarava 12,149-yakazara-tani, twin-propeller uye ngarava yayo, Noordam II, yakatora mazuva masere kuti iyambuke.
IWesterdam yaiva kupukunyuka katatu kunyura munguva yeHondo Yenyika II isati yatomboita rwendo rwayo rwechidiki.
Denga rayo rakaiswa muRotterdam musi waSeptember 1, 1939, kuWilton Feyenoord Shipyard, asi kuvaka kwakagadziriswa apo maGermany akaparadza Holland mugore ra1940. PaAugust 27, 1942, ngarava yaipera iyo yakapera yakaputirwa neAllied forces pairi bhuti uye yakanyura. Mauto eGermany akasimudza chikepe, asi munaSeptember 1944, yakaderedzwa neDutch pasi pasi kusimba mauto.
Yakamutswa zvakare nemaGermany, yakanyudzwa kwechitatu neDutch pasi pasi paJan 17, 1945.
Mushure mehondo, Westerdam yakakurira nemaDutch uye kuvaka zvakapedzwa. Musi waJune 28, 1946, Westerdam akabva Rotterdam parwendo rwayo rwechidiki kuenda kuNew York. Yakaramba ichishanda nguva dzose yekutengesa Atlantic kusvikira yatengeswa kuSpain yezvipfeko paFebruary 4, 1965.
Noordam
The newest Noordam ndiyo yechina yeEll America sekepe kutakura zita iri. Noordam III yekare akanga apfuura nengarava kubva muna 1984. Muna 2005, Noordam III yakatengeswa kuLouis Cruise Lines, iyo yakamutengesa kuna Thomson Cruises.
Vista Series
Ikozvino Zuiderdam yakasvika munaDecember 2002, yakatevera Oosterdam munaJuly 2003. IWesterdam yakabudiswa muna spring 2004, uye Noordam yakapedza mapurisa emakasi muna February 2006.
Koningsdam
The ms Koningsdam akatumidzwa mukukudza Mambo Willem-Alexander weNetherlands, uyo akava Mambo muna 2013. Ndiye mambo wekutanga weNetherlands kwemazana emakore