Kutsvaga B-25 Bomber yakakundwa muna 1956 paMon
Musi waJanuary 31, 1956, Mitchell B-25 bhobho, pakubhururuka kubva kuNellis Air Force Base muNevada kuOlmstead Air Force Base muHarrisburg, yakaparara muMonongahela River (munzvimbo inozivikanwa se "Mon"), kunze kwePittsburgh . Vashandi vevatanhatu vakapukunyuka kuputsika, asi maviri akazotaurwa nemvura yechando yeMon River.
Zvakaitika mumavhiki maviri akatevera zvakabudisa chimwe chezvinhu zvakavanzika zvisingatauriki zvePittsburgh.
Chii chakaitika paB-25 bhobho?
Mafungiro Pamusoro pezvakaitika B-25 Bhoomeri
Mumavhiki maviri mushure mekuputsika, kutsvaga kwe ndege kwakagadziridzwa, asi hapana maitiro eB-25 akambowanikwa. Dzidziso pamusoro pokuparara kwe ndege yacho yakawanda uye inoramba ichikurukurwa muPittsburgh.
Vamwe vanofunga kuti ndege iri kutakura zvinhu zvakavanzika zvezvombo zvenyukireya, nerve gas, Mafia mari, kana Even Howard Hughes. Nhoroondo dzekuona maziso zvishoma nezvishoma pamusoro. Imwe nhau yakati, "Mazana evarwi akaburuka akaenda kunzvimbo yekuputika ndokuvhara rwizi.Vakatarisa mabheti erwizi apo mabhuji akapinda ndokubva atora bhomba kumusoro. Ndege yacho yakabva yaiswa mumotokari, iyo yakatorwa kune imwe yenzvimbo dzomunzvimbo dzematare emunzvimbo iyoyo uye yakanyunguduka pasi. " Kusiyana kwezviitiko izvi kwaisanganisira ndege yakasarudzwa kumahombekombe uye ichienda kure, kutyisidzira kune zvapupu zvakaona pamahombekombe, kunyange nyaya yekushamisa 'munhu wechinomwe' akadzingwa kubva murwizi.
Nyaya yacho yakanaka kudaro iyo kambani yekugadzira mafirimu iri kufunga nezvekuita bhafirimu pamusoro peMbeu yeMitchell Ghost Bomber.
Chakavanzika cheB-25 chakatsungirira kwemakore anodarika makumi mashanu. Zvose zviviri kana makore matatu, imwe nyaya inowanikwa mumapepanhau emunharaunda pamusoro pekuparara, uye vatsva vemaona vauya ne "nyaya chaiye."
Kutsvaga Kunopfuurira kune B-25 Bomber
Kutsvaga kuchiri kuenderera mberi, kutungamirirwa nesangano rinonzi B-25 Recovery Group rakaumbwa nekusanganiswa kwevanhu vane chido chokufambisa ngarava, kuenda mumigwagwa, mvura, Pittsburgh, uye, zvechokwadi, yakavanzika yakare-kare.
John Uldrich, purofesa wekutengesa uye kutarisira, iye zvino achidzidzisa muChina, anotungamirira boka racho. Ane ruzivo rweanar teknolojia, akabatanidzwa mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutsvaga nekuedza zvekuita munyika yose, uye akapedza nguva yakawanda muPittsburgh.
Bob Shema, muPittsburgh nharaunda uye Mutungamiri weBasa reChina, inyanzvi yehutano hwemvura. Anounza kunzwisisa kwakadzika kweMu River uye unyanzvi nevanaar scanning teknolojia kune rimwe boka. Steve Byers ane kambani yekombiyuta yemo Sennex muSouth Hills, uye Matt Pundzak muyanzvi kubva kuVirginia. Matt, Steve, naJohn vese vane ruzivo rwechikepe.
Boka racho rakatanga shanduro yakajeka uye yesayenzi mukuguma kweB-25 muna 1995. Vakanyatsoongorora pamwe chete nhoroondo dzezviitiko zvekuona kubva usiku hwekuputsika uye mavhiki ayo akatevera, vakapedza maawa emaawa vachidurura nemagwaro kubva kuhurumende nehurumende, uye akabvunzurudza nyanzvi pamusoro pezvinhu zvose kubva pamvura yemvura muMon, kusvika kumuganhu weRwizi, kusvika pakugadzirwa nekuvakwa kweMombchell B-25 bhobho.
Vakatotanga kuongorora kuyerera vachishandisa mienzaniso muMon River kuti vaone apo rwizi rungadaro rwakatora ndege.
Mugumisiro wekutsvakurudza uku kwose? Bob Shema, Mutungamiri weBasa reChina, vane chivimbo chokuti vakawana nzvimbo yekupedzisira yekuzorodza yendege. "Tine tariro yokuti tichakwanisa kugadzirisa chakavanzika ichi," anodaro. Zvisinei, ndege yacho yakanga isati yavapo pakuparadzwa kwa2016.
Ndeipi Inogona Kuita Kuti Mhepo Ifare?
Shema anotenda ndege iri kugara pasi peanenge mamita 10 kusvika ku15 mamita makumi maviri emvura pamvura mamita makumi maviri kubva kune shiri dzinosvika. Shiri Dzinosvika dziri mhiri kubva kune yekare yeJ & L steel mill kumadokero kweBridge rekuGlenwood pamakiromita 4.9. Yakanga yava imwe nzvimbo yakasungirirwa yezvikwata.
Paakabvunzwa kuti ane chivimbo sei munzvimbo ino, Shema akarondedzera humwe humwe uchapupu hwavakanga vawana mumakore mashanu apfuura.
"Paiva nemazana eziso-ezvapupu zvekuparara," akadaro Shema. Ndege yakaenda kumabvazuva kweGlenwood Bridge (pamberi peHomestead High-Level Bridge) ichikwira rwizi. Shema anoenderera mberi achitsanangura kuti rwizi rwacho rwakanga runomhanya kwazvo zuva iro. Vashanu vevashandi vatanhatu vakwira pamapapiro egege sezvo ichifamba ichidzika. Nguva pfupi pashure pacho, ndege yakamira. Vashandi vana vakaponeswa, uye miviri miviri yakadzorerwa pasi, yakanyura.
Hondo Corps of Engineers neCôte Guard yakakwevera rwizi irworwo shure kwekuparara. Shema akati mitsara yematambudziko yakataura kuti Corps yakagadzirisa zvavaifunga kuti mapapiro eguruti. Muchiedza chekuuya nacho kumatenga, zvisinei, anchor yakabviswa, uye ndege yakazorora zvakare mumvura. Zvadaro, vakanamatira chimwe chinhu, asi vachiedza kuunza pamusoro, 2 "tambo yakawanda yakabhurwa kaviri.Shema akati pane mifananidzo yebasa iri, uye mapikicha anoratidza madhigirii emakorokari uye shoreline zvinhu, zvichiripo apo nhasi. "Tinoziva chaizvo kuti ndege yacho yave ichionekwa pakupedzisira," Shema akati.
Anofunga kuti ndege yacho yakanyatsoputika panguva yokutanga iyo yakaedza kuisvitsa, asi iyo payakazununguka, yakawira mugomba rakazaruka paBirds Landing. Iyi inotevera kaviri, apo tambo dzacho dzakaputika, Shema anofunga kuti vakanyora chimwe chinhu. Shiri Dzinosvika dzimba kune imwe yekare yakadzika yekrete ice breaker. "She" 2 "yakawanda simbi yakashongedza inoda kudarika mapurisa emapirogiramu anopfuura 31 000," akadaro Shema. "B-25 inorema hafu iyo. Chimwe chezvinhu zvishomanana murwizi zvaigona kuita ichocho ndechekare yekrete yakavhara. "
Kubvunzurudza maZona
Uyewo, dai ndege yacho yakanyatsokwidzwa, yakatakurwa pamotokari dzemotokari kana mabheji, uye ichikwira pasi murwizi, paifanira kuve nezvimwe zvapupu zvakaona. Shema apedza makore makumi matatu ari kushanda pahova uye akataura nemakumi evanhu aive murwizi usiku ihwohwo. "Hapana maonero evanhu vakavimbika," Shema akati.
Akarondedzera nyaya yechipupu chimwe chavakabvunzurudza ivo vakati iye akatarisa vanhu vakasiyana-siyana pamusana, mumasutu matsvuku nemakumbo, vanobvisa mwenje yavo yose ndokupinda mumvura. Shema counters nokutaura kuti, "Kupisa kwemvura kwakange kune madigiri 34. Rwizi rwakanga rwuchiyerera 5-7 majeti Mvura yakanga yakareba mamita matatu - masikati masikati. Chinhu chekupedzisira mutsigiri waizova nepamamiriro ezvinhu aya angave mapuranga. Ndine urombo, uyu haisi chapupu chakatendeka. "
Mumwe munhu wavakataura naye ndiye mudzimai akareurura kuti murume wake ndiye mutori wakabvisa 'mutumbi wechinomwe.' Akatsanangura kuti ichi chaiva chikonzero chake chekusadzoka kumusha usiku ihwohwo.
Pashure pokupedza mazana emaawa achienda pane zvinyorwa, kubvunzurudza maziso ezviso, uye kuitisa kuongorora kuenzanisa nemafanisi kuti aenzanise kuti ndege yakange yakafamba sei pasi, Shema ane chivimbo chokuti ndege yacho ichiri murwizi.
Sonar Mapping the Mon
Muna 1995, boka racho rakarongedza bhandi reMon River pedyo neBirds Landing vachishandisa sarudzo yeanar imaging. Izvi zvakasimbisa nzvimbo yegomba rematombo, gomba rakadzika rakaumbwa makore mazhinji akapfuura ne 'mahara' maiva nechepakati pemvura. Vakawanawo chikamu chakanga chisina kumira. Pane chimwe chimiro chemafu chinotendwa neboka iri nzvimbo yekuvigwa yeB-25.
Kuti kusimbise nzvimbo yendege, boka racho rinoda kushandisa magnetometer yesimbi. Iyi iyi isati iri-intrusive iyo inogona kuona simbi yakavigwa pasi pemukati uye chiganda cheMon River. "Uyu mudziyo unofanirwa kupa mifananidzo yezviri pasi peBird's Landing," anodaro Shema. Kana vachinge vachisimbisa nzvimbo yacho, vanozotora samples kubva pasi rezasi uye vanozvichenesa kuti vaone kuti chero simbi yakawanikwa yakafanana neyo inoshandiswa pakuvakwa kweMibchell mabhomba. Mari yekubhadhara midziyo uye basa rekutsigira kuishandisa rinoda madhora 25 000.
Shema ane chivimbo kuti achawana zvikamu zvendiza, asi pfungwa yekufungidzira kwakanyanya yePittsburgh bhombomu mweya inobva kuna Mon isinganzwisisiki. "Tinotarisira kuwana injini inogadzirisa, gear gear uye matairi - zvose zvakagadzirwa kuva chibharo ... asi rose re ndege - risina chokwadi." Shema zvakare akataura kuti huni hwemvura yeMon River muma1950 hwaive hurombo, zvakanakisisa. Chimiro chehupenyu chemhando ipi zvayo yesimbi mumvura yakasvibiswa naMwon yaiva ye3 kusvika ku2 yeAllegheny. "Iwe haungagoni kuchengetedza motokari yemvura mumvura gore rose - iyo inopisa ichaputswa pasina nguva.Aluminium yose [ye ndege] inotarisirwa kuti iende, kunze kweiyo ingangosangana nechepasi," Shema akati. Zvimiso zvechina zvakaitwa muMon kusvika zvino, asi zvose zvavakawana zvaive matanda. "Iwe hauna kuwana steel muMun," akadaro Shema.
Kutsvaga Nhoroondo
B-25 Recovery Group iri kushanda neChristal Society of Western Pennsylvania (HSWP) uye Sen.John Heinz Pittsburgh Regional History Center mune izvi. Mukadzi Betty Arenth, mukuru mukuru vamiririri weCall History, anofara kuva chikamu chekugadzirisa izvi zvakavanzika. "Zvakanga zvakasikwa kuti tibatane naBob [Shema] uye B-25 Recovery Group - chikamu chezvakaitika kare zvePittsburgh," akadaro Arenth.
Shema akati apo pavanowana ndege, chero zvigadzirwa zvingashandurwa kuNhoroondo yeChechi. "Patinozviwana, chaizvoizvo chikwereti kuPittsburgh yese nekuda kwekubatsira kwavakaita kwemakore."
Paakabvunzwa pamusoro pezvinangwa zvekuita rangano, Shema, muzvarwa wePittsburgh, anoyeuka zuva iro ndege yakarohwa. Anobvuma kuti "Yakanga yava kunonoka kwema50, pakureba kwehondo inotonhora, uye takanga takakomberedzwa nheyo dzemasasa. Zvinonyaradza kufunga kuti mauto edu aigona kupinda ndokubvisa ndege isina mboni." Shema akaenderera mberi achiti, "Vana vedu vangave vasina kutora zviuru zvemaawa uye zvinhu zvakakosha zvemhashu dzomusango." Sei mumwe munhu akaisa ganda remhepo, kana zvombo zvenyukireya pane ndege isina kupera? Ndege yaiva ndege yeHigh National Guard, mudzidzisi Izvi zvaive zvichifanira kubhadharwa mumwedzi 18. Ndiyo zuva rokupedzisira remwedzi, uye ava vafambisi vezvikwata vaingoedza kungotora nguva yavo yekuenda. "
Shema akavhara, "Ndege iyi yakangomira kunze kwegasi".
Chero ani zvake anofarira kubatsira kugadzirisa chimwe chezvinhu zvakavanzika zvePittsburgh zvisingazogadziriswi anogona kuita mutero wakabhadhara mutero kune B-25 Recovery Group. The Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania yakagadzira nhoroondo yeboka racho. Mipiro, yakagadzirwa kune HSWP inogona kutumirwa kukero inotevera:
The Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania (HSWP)
Attn. Svondo Betty Arenth - B-25 Project
1212 Smallman Street
Pittsburgh PA 15222