Austin Civil Rights Case Yakaratidza Nhanho Inokosha Kubatanidzwa
Dare repamusorosoro reDare Repamusorosoro rePratt v. Painter, iro raisanganisira Yunivhesiti yeTexas School of Law, rakasiya chikamu chayo kuAustin uye kurwisana kukuru kwekodzero dzevanhu.
Background
Muna 1946, Heman Marion Sweatt akakumbira kuti apinde kuYunivhesiti yeTexas School of Law muAustin. Zvisinei, ipapo-UT Mutungamiri Theophilus Painter, achitevera mazano ehurumende gweta rezvemitemo, vakaramba basa ra Sweatt pamusana pekuti Texas 'mutemo unorambidzwa kushandiswa kwehutano.
Nekubatsirwa neNational Association for Kufambira Mberi Kwevanhu Vakawanda, Sweatt akaisa chikwata pamusoro peyunivhesiti achida kupinda. Panguva iyoyo, hapana chikoro chemutemo muTexas chakabvuma kuAfrica America. Dare reTexas rakaramba riine mhosva, iyo yakapa nguva yehurumende kuisa imwe chikoro chepamutemo chevatendi kuHouston. (Chikoro ichocho chakava Texas Southern University; chikoro chemurairo chakazotumidzwa zita raTurgood Marshall, rimwe remagweta akaisa nyaya ya Sweatt kuDare Repamusorosoro reUnited States uye uyo akashanda senzira yekutanga yekutonga kweAfrica neAmerica.)
Dare Repamusorosoro Ruling
Matareji eTexas akatsigira mutemo wenyika kubva pane "dzidziso dzakasiyana asi dzakaenzana" yakagadzirirwa nyaya ye1896 yePlessy v. Ferguson. Zvisinei, muChirangaridzo v. Painter nyaya, Dare Repamusorosoro reUnited States rakatonga kuti chikoro chakasiyana chakagadzwa nokuda kwevatema chakanga chisina "kuenzana kwepamusoro" nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana, kusanganisira kuti chikoro chaiva nevamiriri vechechi vashoma uye muraibhurari wepamutemo mashoma nezvimwe zvivako.
Mukuwedzera, Marshall akatsigira kuti chikoro chakasiyana chemitemo yekasi chakanga chisina kukwana nokuti chikamu chinokosha chemari yemhosva yemhosva inofanira kunge ichikakavadzana pfungwa nevanhu vanobva mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana. Dare redzimhosva rakatsigira kodzero yaRekatt yekuwana mukana wekudzidzisa wakaenzana, uye pakupera kwa1950, akapinda muchikoro cheT UT.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro pemitemo yepamutemo yenyaya yacho, unogona kuverenga amicus yakazara kwenguva pfupi.
Nhaka
Mutongi weKratt wakabatsira kupa nzira yekunyadzisa pamatunhu ose edzidzo yevanhu uye yakashanda semuenzaniso weBrown v. Bhuku reZvondo reZvondo rakapiwa neDare Repamusorosoro reUnited States muna 1954.
Chikoro cheMitemo cheU UT iye zvino ane professorship uye nyanzvi inonzi ainzi Sweatt, uye chikoro chinopa hurukuro yegore negore pamusoro pemigumisiro yeChirwere che Sweatt pane zvakasiyana uye dzidzo. TAR Tarlton Law Library inoshandisa mabhuku akawanda ekuchengetedzwa kwemashoko, nhoroondo yehurukuro yezvinyorwa uye yakabudiswa mabasa pachiitiko chacho pamwe chete neshoko rakakwana rezvinyorwa zvekutsvaga uye zvinyorwa zvekutongwa kwematare ekutanga.
Muna 2005, Travis County Courthouse - apo nyaya yepakutanga yakaedzwa - mudhorobha Austin yakatumidzwa zita rekukudza Sweatt; bhandi rendarira uye nhau yake inomira kunze kwemukova.
Yakarongedzwa naRobert Macias