Graffiti inotsanangurwa neOxford Dictionary se "kunyora kana mifananidzo yakanyorwa, yakatsvavara, kana kusvibiswa zvisina kurongwa pamadziro kana kuti pane imwe nzvimbo panzvimbo yevanhu," uye tsika yacho inodzokera kumangwanani ehupfumi (uye kunyange kupfuura munguva yakapfuura kana ukaverenga iyo petroglyphs yakagadzirirwa pamapako masvingo nevanhu vekare vekare). Hongu, kubva panguva yekare, varume nevakadzi "vakaisa" mazita avo nemishumo kune imwe nzvimbo yese inofungidzirwa.
Zvinhu hazvisi zvakasiyana nanhasi, kunyange zvazvo nzira dzakashanduka uye migumisiro yekushanda kwayo yakave yakaoma zvikuru. MuNYC, graffiti artists (vanozivikanwa mukati meharaunda yavo se "vanyori") vaimbova vapanduki vevanhu, anti anti-establishment underculture iyo yakaratidza mutauro wehup-hop tsika. Mumakore makumi manomwe nemakore ekutanga kwema90s, graffiti yaifungidzirwa kuva kuparadza uye kusiyanisa kwepfuma kwete kwete mutemo chete asi nevakagari vomuguta, zvakare, sezvinopupurirwa nevakawanda vachishungurudza vanhu vomuNew York vachifamba pamatokisi akaiswa kana kuti "Bhomba" nepray peji. Kushandisa izwi rokuti "bhomba" mushure me 9/11 NYC, zvisinei, zvakanyatsorasikirwa nechikumbiro chayo, uye mushure weMeya Giuliani guta rakaona mutsva wekuchenesa-up model wemagetsi, yemasipirisi emigwagwa epasi pedare iyo yose asi yakagumisa kamwechete- iyo yakazara graffiti iyo yakamboshanda semapurisa shure kweNew Yorker yose yekuenda.
Asi ruzivo rwakanga ruine graffiti rwakaramba ruchikura nekupararira munyika yose.
Mazuva ano, zvinowanzonzi "unyanzvi hwemugwagwa" uye vadzidzisi veiyo maitiro eumhizha vanobva padziva guru revanhu vane mararamiro akasiyana-siyana evanhu, madzinza, uye dzidzo. Unyanzvi uhwo huchaona mumigwagwa yeguta reNew York nhasi unofanidza mitambo iyo inogona kusanganisira mabhizinesi eLatin -America-akafuridzirwa mune zvematongerwe enyika uye stencil art, makoto eAsia, kuchinja kwehupamhi hwemifananidzo, kunamata kunzvimbo yekare ye hip-hop, uye zvimwe.
Mukufambisa kwemafunguro emagetsi ekugadzirisa New York City nekumhanya kunotyisa, chimiro cheunyanzvi hwemugwagwa chave chakava nyaya inonyengera yekukurukurirana. Kunyange zvazvo migwagwa yemugwagwa inopembererwa sekunakidzwa kwemaguta ezvigadziro, yakasvikawo kutyisidzirwa sekusvuta kwemari uye kuchinja kwakanaka kunofamba munzvimbo dzakapoteredza, zvekuparadzanisa, uye zvekugadzirisa tsika dzekutengeserana nekusimudzirwa kwedzimba. Kunyange zvakadaro, unyanzvi hwemugwagwa muNYC hunoramba huchifunga uye hunofadza muziso.
Queens ine tsika yepamusoro yeunyanzvi hwemugwagwa uye munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, iwe uchazviwana iwe unyanzvi huzhinji hwokugadzirisa vadzidzi vako. Pano pane mbiri dzepamusoro dze Queens nzvimbo dzekuita izvo chete:
Migwagwa yeLIC
Pane imwe nguva, paiva nenzvimbo muLong Island City (LIC), Queens, iyo yaizivikanwa se "graffiti mecca" yenyika: 5 Pointz Pano, pamadziro eimba yemafekitari mazana maviri nemazana masere yakambove yakagadzirwa mamita emvura, mazana akawanda emasvingo emapurati-pevara nevekune dzimwe nyika 'avo vanove' vezvinyorwa zvinonzi aerosol artists vakafukidzika.Zvino nzvimbo yekushanda yemabhizimisi yakatanga kuva chigadziko che "legal" graffiti mumavambo ekuma1990, yakanzi sePhun Phactory, pakupedzisira kunziwo zita rokuti 5 Pointz - kureva matareji mashanu eNew York City achiungana pamwe chete.
Zvinosuruvarisa, muna 2014, 5 Pointz yakawira kubhu rakaputika rekuvandudza, asi munzvimbo yaro yakamera mishonga yakawanda yemugwagwa wekugadzirwa kwemigwagwa, zvose zviri mumutemo uye zvisina kutenderwa.
Kufamba nomumigwagwa yeLIC, unogona kutarisana nemamwe michina ye stencil kana muto-scale murural. Zvichipa vangani vanyori vese vane studio nzvimbo munharaunda, zvakakodzera kuti zvigadzirwa zvepasitirwo zvakare zvakasvikira kunze mumigwagwa uye kuvaka zvisizvo.
Pane imwe nzvimbo-yakagadzirwa nehuwandu hwemagariro emumhara munharaunda iyo inowedzera hafu yedhorobha rekuvaka pane imwe nhurikidzwa nhatu; zvinopiwa zvakawanda zvechikwata chekutora nhengo dzevashandi. Iyo purogiramu inonzi Top-to-Bottom, mutsara we graffiti unotaura kune imwe nguva-time feat yekupenda yose yakareba uye urefu hwezvitima. Mhuri yacho inoratidzika kubva mumugwagwa, kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakakwirira 7 dzinoenda kunharaunda, uyewo kubva kuQueensboro Bridge .
Chinhu chakanaka chekutanga kutambira Top-to-Bottom chiri pamakamukwi e 21st Street uye 43rd Avenue. Zvisikwa zveTechnicolor zvichakurumidza kubuda kwauri: Tora nguva yako uye famba uchifamba-famba chivako - murals inouya mumhando dzose uye hukuru, kusanganisira zvose zvese solo uye kushamwaridzana (pamwe nemamwe maitiro akasiyana zvakafanana kune zvivako uye zvisikwa). Vaya makumi matanhatu vanoita vhidhiyo vaisanganisira tarenda yakakurumbira yakadai saMagda Rudo, Daze, Crash, Cekis, Werc, Alice Mizrachi, Case MacLaim, Erasmo, Cern, Alexandre Keto, Li-Hill, Ona One, Icy & Sot, nezvimwe - vanobva pachimvuramabwe 14 nyika dzakasiyana-siyana (Germany, Canada, Mexico, Argentina, Belarus, nezvimwe), pamwe chete nemunharaunda kubva kumaguta ose mashanu eguta, kusanganisira, zvechokwadi, Queens.
Tichiri kuchema kurasikirwa kwe 5 Pointz muLIC, asi mweya weunyanzvi hwemugwagwa unorarama munzvimbo ino ine simba.
Welling Court, Astoria
Kunyange zvakadaro hauna kumbozadzwa neanotyisa yeAusten art art? Iwe uri muhombe: Kungotungamira kuAustralia inowokwake, uko zvose zvakanaka mumugwagwa unyanzvi wenyika ku Welling Court. Pakatarisana nemvura yakatarisana neVernon Boulevard uye kuchamhembe, Astoria Park , iyi kamu duku-yakadzika yechina inoumba hodgepodge yezvivako zvekugara uye zvemabhizimisi, inopa nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana apo vanyori vanogona kuveza uye kuedza. Iyo mikova yakawanda yesimbi uye magira ezvinyorwa zvakawanda zvezvivako pano zvakaputirwa nemifananidzo, zvichipa pfungwa yezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvemagetsi zvinoratidzwa mumusasa wekuvhenekera munharaunda yemunharaunda iyo inotarisa mabheji akawanda. Panewo zvidimbu zvinotenderera kumadziro uye kuzadza zvipfeko, kuwedzera zvidimbu uye nekudzika kusvika pakuona maonero. Nharaunda haina kungogamuchirwa chete asi yakakokwa nevarongeri Ad Hoc Art kuti vadzivirire uye vatarisire kuratidzwa kwezvikomborero zvemasvingo makuru (taura kuti katatu kaviri!). Chigumisiro chirongwa chinosvika makore masere chinoshandiswa chinoramba chichikura mukukura uye kukwirira, sekutungamirirwa nemuvambi Garrison Buxton.
Mhuri iyi inogona kunakidzwa mune chero yakarongeka, uye hapana imwe yambiro inotanga kukurudzirwa, sezvo ruvara rwemugwagwa runopararira kune zvakawanda. Kune dzimwe nhungamiro, kusanganisira mazita evose vanopinda mavhidhiyo, chengetera iyi mapu anoyevedza ; cherechedza zvingosvika-kusvika-kusvika kusvika muna June 2017, apo mazhinji emabasa akare achave akavezwa pamusoro pezvitsva zvitsva.
Dare re8 reParamende reRugare reGurukota rekunze kunze kwemahofisi nehurumende rinoratidzira nezvemutsara mutsva weziso rinoshamisa uye uropi hunokonzerwa hunoitwa musi waJune 10, 2017. Kusikwa kwezvikamu zvitsva zvichaitika kwevhiki rimwe chete zvisati zvaitika, saka sununguka kumira ipapo kuona vashandi vari kushanda pamashiripiti avo emumba. Muna 2017, vanopfuura 130 vanyori vanobva kunyika dzinopfuura makumi maviri vachabatanidzwa, kusanganisira zvikwereti zvakanyanya zvemigwagwa yemugwagwa yakafanana naJoe Iurato, Rubin 415, Werc, uye vamwe vanofarira vakadzi vanoita saKara Yamasaki uye kudzoka kwezvakanaka Lady Pink, Queens- akazvarwa-ne-way-e-Ecuador uye "mukadzi wokutanga wemagraffiti" uyo ave achishanda 'munyori' kubvira muna 1979.
Kunze kweMiganhu yeMunharaunda
Kunze kwemapurogiramu aya akasiyana-siyana, ruzivo rwemugwagwa runogona kuwanikwa runosvibirira mumuganhu weQueens, zvisinei kuti hazvina maturo kana unyanzvi hwokugadzira; rinoremekedzwa uye rakachengetedzwa, rakaiswa pamusoro uye rinoparadzaniswa, kana kuti ikozvino rinopera nenguva. MuQueens mavakidzani sakaita Woodside neSt. Albans , uchawana muromo mumwechete-unozopemberera vaimbi vekuimba, vateereri, vanyori, kuzvikudza kwevavakidzani, varwi vane simba, uye mazwi etariro nekurasikirwa. Zvichida pane imwe nzvimbo muvhiringiro iyi mutambi anotsvaga achitsvaga mukana wekupinda munyika yehupfumi uye inobatsira yemakamuri, museums, uye merchandising; zvichida Basquiat inotevera, Banksy, kana Shepard Fairey. Kana, zvichida, ndiwe munhu ane chiso chausingazive, mufananidzo wekusanzwisisika wemunhu wega uye wekodhi yemashoko ane zvinoreva iwe usingazonyatsonzwisisi - vanyori vanoona zveefmeral, kugoverana maonero avo iko kuno mu Queens.