A Top Eight List yeAfrica Dzakanyanya Njodzi Nyoka

Iko kondinendi yeAfrica inogara kune dzimwe nyoka dzakasiyana-siyana, dzimwe dzadzo dziri pakati pezvinotyisa zvikuru zvenyika. Izvo zvinobva kune zvakasiyana-siyana semhando yakadai seye mamba yakasviba, kune zviduku-zvinonzi nyoka dzakasvibira nyoka dzeAfrica. Muchikamu chino, tinotarisa zvishomanana zvemaAfrica zvakanyanya kutya nyoka, tisati taongorora marudzi akasiyana ehuta reyoka uye nenzira dzakasiyana dzese dzinobata muviri wemunhu.

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kunyange nyoka dzinofanirwa kubatwa nekuremekedzwa, ruzhinji rwemhando nyoka haruna uturu. Kunyange iyo iyo inowanzoedza kuedza kusabatana nevanhu pane kugadzirisa njodzi. Mhuka dzose dzeyoka dzinokosha kuyananisi yeAfrica ecosystem, ichizadzisa basa rinokosha sezvipakati zvepakati. Pasina ivo, rudzi rwevanhu rungave ruchibva kunze kwekutonga. Panzvimbo pokuvatya, tinofanira kuedza kunzwisisa uye kuchengetedza.

• 01 yegumi

  Black Mamba

  Kunyange zvazvo mamba yakasviba ( Dendroaspis polylepis ) haisi iyo inonyanya kuipa kune dzimwe nyoka dzeAfrica, asi kunyange zvakadaro vanotya. Kune zvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zveizvi - kusanganisira hutsinye hwahwo kana huchikwira uye hukuru hwayo. Iyo ndiyo yakakura pane dzose dzenyika ine njodzi dzinopisa, uye inenge yakareba urefu hwema 8.2 mamita / 2.5 mamita. Mambasi yakasviba ndiyo inokurumidza kupfuura dzose dzevanhu veAfrica nyoka, uye inowanzotora kanopfuura kamwe chete. Uturu hwavo hunoumbwa neurotoxins uye cardiotoxins, uye hunogona kukonzera kuti munhu aparare mushure memaminitsi 45 chete. Pasina kupesana nehutachiona, anenge anenge 100% ane chokwadi chokuti uyo anenge atambura achafa, kazhinji mukati maawa manomwe kusvika ku15. Pasinei nezita ravo, mambas yakasviba haisi yemavara asi yakasviba kana yomuorivhi. Vanowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekugara kwepasi peSahara Africa uye kazhinji vanopedza nguva yavo pasi pane miti.

• 02 yegumi

  Puff Adder

  Icho chinokonzera ( Bitis arietan ) inonzi inyoka nyoka yeAfrica inouraya nokuti inokonzera kufa kwevanhu. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kuparadzirwa kwenyoka, kupararira kwayo munzvimbo dzakasvikiswa uye zvakashata. Mvura inowedzera yakaenzana nehupamhi hwemakiromita 3.3 mamita / 1.0 mamita uye ine chivakwa chakasimba chakasimbiswa nehupamhi bhandi uye inoputika. Vanowanikwa muAfrica yose yeSahara, uye mararamiro avo anosiyana zvichienderana nekugara kwavanogara. Vaputi vanodzvara vanovimba nezvinovhiringidza zvavo zvinoshamisa kuti vadzivirirwe uye varambe varipo pane kutiza kubva kune ngozi. Nemhaka yeizvi, vanhu vanowanzotonywa mushure mokunge vatadza kuitika. Pamarudzi ose emarudzi, uturu hunowedzera hunyamu humwe humwe hunotyisa, asi huwandu hunouraya hunovapo nekuda kwekusarapwa kwakashata. Kunyange mumatambudziko asina kutenderwa, kuwedzera kwekufa kunogona kunge kwakaderera se 15%.

• 03 wegumi

  Boomslang

  Yakanamirwa kune sub-Saharan Africa, boomslang ( Dispholidus typus ) inozivikanwa seimwe yenyoka dzinotyisa zvikuru munyika ino. Uturu hwahwo huemotoxic, zvinoreva kuti hunovhiringidza muviri wenyama-kuvhara maitiro uye hunokonzera kusingadzorwiki kunze uye kubuda mukati. Uturu hunonoka-kuita, uye zviratidzo zvinotora maawa anoverengeka kuti uzviratidze ivo pachavo. Nemhaka yeizvi, dzimwe nguva varombo vanofunga kuti havadi kurapwa, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera kuoma kwekupedzisira kukanganisa. Pasinei nehuwandu hwekuruma kwemahoom, vanhu vanouraya havasati vashoma. Ichi ndechokuti boomslangs inowanzosvibisa, uyezaza vanhu kwete kuvarwisa. Ndiwo nyoka dzinogara mumiti (zita ravo rinoreva "nyoka yomuti" muchiBhuluki). Mavara akasiyana, asi varume vanowanzoita ruvara ruchena uye ruvara rwebhuruu kana ruvara rwebhuruu, asi vakadzi vanowanzova nevhu. Boomslangs ane maziso makuru zvikuru uye anosvika pavhareji yakareba anenge 5.2 mamita / 1.6 mamita.

• 04 yegumi

  Gaboon Viper

  Iyo Gaboon nyoka ( Bitis gabonica ) ine mafure akareba kupfuura chero ipi zvayo nyoka ine uturu, inosvika yakareba 2 masentimita / 5 masentimita urefu. Izvo zvakare nyoka ine uturu hwakanyanya hwekubereka, uye nyoka yakanyanya kupfuura yose mumhuri yemyoka. Nyoka yeGaboon yakakura inowanzoyera makumbo mashanu / 1.5 mamita pakureba, uye inogona kuenzana ne25 lbs / 11.3 kg. Ivo vane hutano hwakakura, hutatu-akafanana, uye hunowanikwa munzvimbo dzine masango munzvimbo dzose dzeWest, Central uye dzimwe dzeEast Africa . Nyoka dzenyoka dzinonyanya kusviba , uye dzinowanzoshandisa nzira dzokuvandira kuti dzivhime nyama yavo. Vanokwanisa kupa dutu guru rehutano, kunyange zvazvo uturu pachahwo husina kunyanya kuora kana uchienzanisa nezvimwe zveimwe njodzi dzine njodzi. Kurohwa kamwe kunogona kuuraya, asi, uye-anti-venom inofanira kutarisirwa pakarepo. Nyoka dzinokanganisa dzinosviba, dzinononoka-kufamba nyoka dzinogara dzisingarambi kunze kwekutsvaga kana kupfuurirwa.

• 05 of 10

  Egyptian Cobra

  Mhuka yeEgipita ( Naja haje ) ndeimwe yemhando dzakakura dzeAfrica, dzinosvika urefu hwemakiromita matanhatu / mamita maviri. Inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakawanda dzeNorth Africa kumusoro kweSahara, uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeWest uye East Africa. Mavara anogona kusiyana-siyana, kubva pahuni kusvika kumhangura-mutsvuku kusvika kumusana wose. Mukoko weEgypt ane mazamu ari shure kwemaziso ayo anounza uturu hunouraya neurotoxic hunobudisa kuburikidza nemaronda ayo makuru. Uturu hunoita hutachiona hwehutano, pakupedzisira hunokonzera rufu nekuda kwekukundikana kupora. Miti dzomuIjipita dzinowanzotora kunze kwekuti dzichinzwa dziityisidzirwa, pane izvozvi dzinenge dzichinyatsogadzikana uye dzinoparadzira chimiro chayo chekodha hood sechinyevero isati yasvika. Kusiyana nedzimwe mhuka dzeAfrica dzekuAfrica, cobra yeEgypt haina kupfira mhuka. Inofungidzirwa kuti asp aspiral Cleopatra inonzi inoshandiswa kuzviuraya ingangodaro yaive yakave muIjipita cobra.

• 06 of 10

  West African Carpet Viper

  Iyo inozivikanwawo sechiedza chine macellat ( Echis ocellatus ), nyoka yeWest Africa yakagadzikana inowanikwa kunyika dzeWest Africa . Zvinoshamisa kune nyoka ine zvishoma zvishoma, iyo (pamwe chete nemuputi unowedzera) inowanzonzi seyo inotarisira nhamba yepamusoro yehutachiona hunokonzerwa nenyoka muAfrica. Iyo nyoka yeWest Africa iyo nyoka duku, ine muvhareji yakareba urefu hwemaasentimita makumi maviri / 50 masentimita. Izvo zvinowanzoita ruvara rwebhuruu rune ruvara, rine maziso akafanana-mavara pamwe chete nehurefu hwemiviri yavo. Aya mavara akagadzirirwa kuvhiringidza vashanduki. Sezvakaita boomslang, hutano hwavo haemotoxic, zvichiita kuti pakarepo kubuda ropa uye kuputsika kwemaitiro epachirungu dzimwe nguva mazuva mushure mekurohwa kwaitika. Iyo nyoka yeWest Africa yakafukidzirwa ine ngozi yakasiyana-siyana inoratidzwa, iyo inosanganisira kuburitsa mapeiri ayo pamwe chete kuti iite inzwi guru rinonzwika.

• 07 pa10

  Cape Cobra

  ICape cobra ( Naja nivea ) inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica , ichifadza nzvimbo dzakaoma kusanganisira denga uye arid savannah nzvimbo. Izvo zviyero zvakakura, zvichikura kusvika kumakumbo mashanu / 1.5 mamita murefu. Kunyange zvazvo ivo vanozivikanwa seyeja cobra, makumbo eCape anogona kuuya mumarudzi akasiyana-siyana, anosanganisira golide, mavara uye kunyange madema. Icho chinonzi diurnal species, zvinoreva kuti inowanzoshanda masikati, uye inodya pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvemhuka kubva kubva kumakwenzi kusvika kune zvinokambaira kune dzimwe nyoka. Kunyanya, ivo vanozivikanwa nekurwisa weaver shiri makoroni. Inorwisa nyore nyore paunotyisidzirwa, uye inonyanya kuipa nekuda kwekuda kwayo kupinda munzvimbo dzevanhu. Kunyange zvazvo kufa kwehuwandu hwekusatenda kunoratidzika hakuna chokwadi, inofungidzirwa kuva yakakwirira nerufu inowanikwa pakati peawa imwechete kana gumi gare gare semugumisiro wekupera simba.

• 08 yegumi

  Eastern Green Mamba

  Kumabvazuva kune mamba yakaoma ( Dendroaspis angusticeps ) inyoka inopisa inobatanidza mamba ine ngozi yakanyanya. Inowanikwa kakawanda mumhenderekedzo yegungwa yekumaodzanyemba neEast Africa, uye inoshandisa hupenyu huzhinji mumiti. Iyo nyoka huru, yakareba mamita mamita maviri / 2 mamita pakureba. Sezvo zita rayo rinoratidzira, kumabvazuva mavara emagas ane ruvara-ruvara rwemavara, asi kunyange zvazvo vana vemazuva ano vane ruvara rwebhuruu-ruvara. Izvo zvinotaridzika zvakaputika uye pasinei nekushanda masikati, hazviwanzoonekwi. Vane unhu hunotyisa uye vanowanzodzivisa vanhu, kazhinji vachirova kunze kwekutsamwa kukuru. Kumabvazuva mavara emambas anokwanisa kutengesa maitiro akawanda, kuvhara mahombekombe akawanda. Kana isingateereri, kufa kwehuwandu huwandu. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kuzvimba, chizivi, kuora mwoyo uye pakupedzisira, rufu nemhaka yekufema kunokonzera.

• 09 yegumi

  Ziva Nyoka Yako Chirwere

  Hasi dzose nyoka dzeyoka dzinofanana, uye rumwe rudzi runoshanda nenzira yakasiyana. Kazhinji, uturu hwenyoka hunosanganiswa muzvikamu zvina zvinotevera:

  • Utachiona hweNeurotoxic : kurwisa hutachiona hwehurumende, hunochinja kufamba, kufema, kumedza, kutaura uye kuona.
  • Hemotoxic vhu : inokanganisa kukwanisa kwemuviri kubatana, zvichiita kuti kurasikirwa kweropa kukuru kunokonzerwa nekunze nekubuda mukati.
  • Cytotoxic vhu : inorwisa masero emuviri kana mishonga, zvichikonzera marwadzo, kurwadziwa kukuru uye zviratidzo zvekutyisidzira.
  • Myotoxic venom : inokonzera muscle necrosis, pakupedzisira inoguma norufu kuburikidza nehvo uye mwoyo kusakundikana.

• 10 pa10

  Kurarama Pedyo Nyoka

  Pasinei nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemigumisiro, zvakakosha kuzviisa mupfungwa kuti anti-venom iripo kune imwe yemhando dzakanyorwa pamusoro apa. Usarega kutya kwe nyoka kuchimisa iwe kuongorora nzvimbo dzeAfrica dzinotyisa dzinofadza. Nekutarisira kwakanyanya uye noutano hwakanaka hweruremekedzo, hapana chakadzivirira vanhu ne nyoka kubva kune imwe-iripo muhukama.

  Kana iwe uine shungu zvakakwana kuti urumwe, edza kuyeuka nyoka dzezvinhu zvinokosha kuti iwe ubatsire vashandi vezvipatara kuti vazvione. Nenzira iyi, ivo vachakwanisa kukupa kurapa kwakarurama pakarepo. Kunyange kana iwe uchinzwa zvakanaka, iva nechokwadi chekutsvaga kurapwa kwechiremba pakarepo. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinotora maawa kuti zviratidze, panguva iyo zvingave zvakanyanyisa kutora rubatsiro.

  Yakarongwa naJessica Macdonald