Vadiwa nekuda kwenzvimbo yacho inonakidza, nhoroondo yehupfumi uye yezvokudya zvinokonzera nzvimbo, Cape Town ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzekushanyirwa dzinoshandiswa kuSouth Africa. Zvisinei, Amai veMexico iye zvino vari mubasa redambudziko remvura rinokuvadza. Nhoroondo, guta racho rakatarisana nenguva dzekusanaya kwemvura kuburikidza nekutarisira kwemvura kwakanyatsonaka, iyo inobatsira kuti ichengetedze kusvikira madzimambo ayo achizadzikiswa nemvura zhinji gore rinotevera.
Iye zvino, Cape Town iri kutarisana negore rechitatu rinopfurikidza remvura yekushaya kwemvura, zvichikonzera kushayikwa kwemvura kwakaipisisa mumakore zana. Hezvino kutarisa kuti kusanaya kwakasvika sei, uye zvinorevei kune vagari nevashanyi zvakafanana.
Nguva yeNhamo
Dambudziko remvura iripo iye zvino rakatanga muna 2015, apo mazinga muKapa Town madhamasiko matanhatu makuru akadonha kubva 71.9% azere kusvika 50.1% azere nekuda kwemvura yakakundikana. 2016 yakanga iri imwe gore rakanyanya rakaoma, nekusanaya kwemamiriro ezvinhu akaonekwa mumapurovhinzi kwose kweSouth Africa. Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika dzakabvumirwa nemvura inonaya munguva yechando ye 2016, zvisinei, mvura yeCape Town yakaramba ichingova 31.2% chete. Pakazosvika May 2017, chiyero ichocho chakanga chasvika 21.2%.
Muna June 2017, vagari venyika vaitarisira kuti kusanaya kunogona kuputswa neKapa Storm, iyo yakawana kusvika 50mm yemvura uye mvura yakazara mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeguta racho. Pasinei nedambudziko remhepo, kusanaya kwemvura kwakaramba kuripo uye munaSeptember, mitezo yeNji 5 yemvura yakatumirwa kumativi ose emasisita-kuderedza kushandiswa kwemvura kumunhu 87 kusvika pazuva.
Mwedzi mumwe gare gare, nyanzvi dzakafungidzira kuti guta racho raive nemwedzi mitanhatu yakasara mvura isati yapera zvachose. Izvi zvinokonzera njodzi iye zvino yakanzi "Zero Zero".
The Reality of Day Zero
Zero Zuva rakarongedzwa neKapa Town Mayor Patricia de Lille sezuva iro dongo rekuchengetedza rinosvika 13,5%.
Kana izvi zvikaitika, huwandu hwemapopoteredza mutaundi huchadzimwa, uye vagari vachamanikidzwa kuenda kumucheto panzvimbo dzekuunganidza mvura muKapa kuzotora zuva rega rega 25 litres pamunhu. Nzvimbo idzi dzinotarisirwa nhengo dzemapurisa nemauto; zvisinei, zvinoratidzika sezvisingadzivisiki kuti hutano hwevanhu vose, kuchengetedzwa uye hupfumi huchavhiringidzika semugumisiro. Izvi zvakanyanya kuitika iye zvino zvinotarisirwa kutanga musi waApril 29th 2018, kunyange zvichiri tariro kuti inogona kudziviswa.
Zvinhu Zvinokonzerwa NeCrisis
Nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti dambudziko iri iye zvino rakatanga kukonzerwa neEgyit 2014-2016, mamiriro okunze anokonzera kukwira kwemazhizha emvura kudarika Pacific equatorial. Somugumisiro weizvi kuwedzera kutonhorera, El Niño inobata mamiriro emamiriro okunze pasi rose-uye kuSouth Africa, inoguma nekuderera kunoshamisa kwekunaya. Mvura muSouth Africa pakati paJanuary naDecember 2015 ndiyo yaiva yakaderera pane zvinyorwa kubva muna 1904, zvichida seyo mhinduro chaiyo yeEl Niño.
Migumisiro yeEl Niño yakanyanyiswawo nekuwedzera kwechando uye kuderedza mvura inonaya yakaonekwa kuSouth Africa semugumisiro wekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. MuKapa, kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kwakashandura maruva emvura munzvimbo dzomumaguta, nemvura inouya pashure, zvinowanzoitika kana dzimwe nguva zvisingakwanisi kuitika zvachose.
Zvakanyanya kuipa, zvishoma-kupfuura-zviyero makore emvura ari kuitika ikozvino uye kakawanda, kupa mvura yeguta racho zvishoma kudarika mukana wekuwanazve kubva panguva dzekusanaya kwemvura.
Kuwedzeredza Zvinhu
Kuwedzera kwekuwanda kweCape Town inowanikwawo dambudziko. Pakazosvika 1995 na2018, guta racho rakaona 55% yevanhu inowedzera kubva pamamiriyoni 2,4 kusvika kune mamiriyoni 4,3, asi kuchengetwa kwemvura kwakawedzera ne 15% chete panguva imwe chete. Mamiriro ehutano ezvematongerwe enyika eguta racho ave akaomawo. IWestern Cape province-iyo iyo Kapa ndiyo guta guru-inotungamirirwa neDemocratic Alliance (DA), sangano reSouth Africa rinopikisa. Kupesana pakati peDA uye sangano rinotonga nyika, iyo ANC, rakadzivisa kuedza kwehurumende nemasangano ehurumende kuti vatange kutora matambudziko emvura.
Muna 2015, somuenzaniso, hurumende yehurumende yakaramba chikumbiro chepurovhinzi cheR35 mamiriyoni, iyo ingadai yakashandiswa kuwedzera mvura yekugovera nekuchera matenga matsva nekudzorerazve mvura. Gare gare kukumbirwa naMeya weKapa kuti awane rubatsiro rwematambudziko akaregwawo. Maererano nenhau dzemunharaunda, kusaruramisira, chikwereti uye uori mukati meDhipatimendi reMvura uye Kucheneswa kweNyika zvakare kune mhosva. Kunyanya, kukundikana kugovera zvakakodzera kushandiswa kwemvura kwekurimwa pakutanga kwekusanaya kwemvura kwakabatsira kukurumidza kupera kwekutanga kwemaji eKapa.
Ichaita Kuti Ndishanyire Sei?
Kune avo vanogara muKapetoni, Nhayo 6 mitemo yemvura inoreva kubvumirwa kunwisa, kudiridza, kuzadza dzimba dzekushambira dzoga uye kushambidza motokari nemvura yekunwa kwemasvingo. Imvura inoshandiswa yemunhu inosvika 87 malita pazuva, uye dzimba dzinoshandisa zvinopfuura 10 500 malita emvura pamwedzi dzinokonzerwa nemari inosvika kusvika kuR10 000. Nzvimbo yekurima inotarisirwa kuderedza mvura yekushandisa mvura ne 60% (kana ichienzaniswa nekushandiswa kusati kwa 2015). Vashanyi vachatonyanya kugadziriswa nekudziviswa kwekutengesa kuti zviwanikwa zvekutengesa (kusanganisira mahotera) zvinoderedza kushandiswa ne 45%.
Kune zvivako zvakawanda, izvi zvinoreva kuisa zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza mvura zvakadai sokudzivisa mabhati, mvura inokodzera nemashoni anoderedza mvura inoyerera nekushandura michina pazvinenge zvakakodzera. Mahotera mazhinji emahombekombe akavhara dzimba dzavo dzemhepo uye hot tubs, nepo vazhinji hotera dzimba dzekushambi dzisina chinhu. Mukuwedzera, sevagari vemuCape Town vagari vese, vashanyi vangawana kuti zvinhu zvemabhodhoro zvinowedzera zvakaoma kuuya. Sezvo shizha rekurima rinotambura semugumisiro wekudziviswa kwemvura, mutengo wezvokudya uye kuwanika kunewo hunoitika.
Maitiro Aungabatsira
Kubva pane zvinyorwa zvemhepo zvisati zvamboitika-kuCape Town kunyoresa munzvimbo dzomusangano uye hotelo dzehotera, nzira dzaunokwanisa kubatsira kuchengetedza mvura dziri kuparidzwa muguta rose. Zvizhinji zvezvinhu izvi zvinotarisa pamaitiro ako ega ekuponesa mvura, kusanganisira kuderedza nguva yako yewaini kusvika kumaminetsi maviri, kubvisa pombi apo unobvarura mazino ako nekudzivirira nguva yaunofambisa chimbuzi. Bhuku rekushanyirwa reChengetedza seMunharaunda wepakatipa rinopa mazita akazara emaitiro aunogona kubetsera, asi izvi zvinogadzirisa kuverenga zvinokubatsira kuti uoneke kuti hausi kudarika 87 lita yako pazuva.
Usati wagadzirisa hotera yako , iva nechokwadi chekubvunza pamusoro pemiganho yekuponesa mvura iyo inenge iine nzvimbo.
Ramangwana
Nezuva Zero rinoswedera pedyo, hapana mubvunzo kuti mamiriro emvura aripo muCape Town ari akaoma. Kugara kwezvinhu zvinosanganisira kushanduka kwemamiriro okunze uye kuwedzera kwevagari veSouth Africa kunoreva kuti matambudziko akatarisana neCape Town kwemakore matatu apfuura anogona kunge akaitwa; uye zvakadaro, pasinei nekusaziva kwehurumende yenyika, guta racho pachayo rine rimwe remapurogiramu anonyatsoshanda ekutarisira mvura munyika yose.
Zvirongwa zvekuwedzera mvura yeCape Town iri kuenderera mberi, ine mishandirapamwe zvinomwe kubva pakutsvaira kwemasango matsva kusvika kune dzimwe nyika dzinotarisirwa kugovera zvirongwa zvinotarisirwa kugovera mamwe mamiriyoni 196 emamiriyoni pazuva pazuva raFebruary kusvika munaJuly 2018. Zvinotarisirwa kuti zviyero izvi (zvinosanganiswa nekushingaira kutevedza kumiganhu yeZvirevo 6) zvichave zvakakwana kudzivisa kudhindwa kweZuva Zero kubva pakuitika.
Ndinofanira Kushanyirwa Here?
Panguva ino, zvakakosha kuti vashanyi vayeuke kuti zvinhu zvinoita kuti Cape Town ive yakasiyana- kubva kune dzimwe nyika-yekudyara kwemahombekombe kusvika kumhenderekedzo dzayo dzisina kunaka-zvichengete zvakafanana.
Zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zviduku zvinowanikwa nevashanyi semugumisiro wematambudziko emvura ndeye mutengo muduku wokubhadhara chishamiso chekushanyira kuMama City. Kunyangwe munguva yepamusoro, vatashanyi vanowedzera chikwata cheKapa guta ne1% chete, uye naizvozvo vanoita zvishoma kusiyana kweguta rose rinoshandiswa mvura (vachifunga kuti vanotevedzera kumiganhu). Zvisinei, mari inowanikwa nekushanya kwako inodiwa ikozvino kupfuura kare. Saka, panzvimbo yekudzinga rwendo rwako kuCape Town, ingoyeuka nezvekusanaya kwemhepo uye ita nechokwadi chekuita chiduku chako kuti ubatsire.