Kune vafambi vakawanda vanoenda kuAntarctica ndiyo inonyanya kuenda. Mushure mezvose, mamwe makondinendi matanhatu ari nyore nyore kusvika, uye hazvisi zvisiri zvese kushanyira nzvimbo idzi kune dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasununguka kana dzakarongeka. Asi Antarctica inoshingaira - kwete kureva mari yakawandisa - iyo inoiisa kunze kwenzvimbo yekukwanisa kune vakawanda vanofamba.
Izvo zvakati, zvisinei, zviuru zvevanhu zvinoshanyira kondinendi yechando iyo imwe neimwe mazhizha ezhizha nekuda kwevashandi veAntarctic cruise seQuark Expeditions uye mafambiro ekufambisa akadai seAventure Network International.
Mazhinji emakambani aya nhengo dzeSouth Association of Antarctic Tour Operators (IAATO), sangano rakatsaurirwa mukusimudzira hutano hwakachengeteka uye hwakasimba kuAntarctica. Mumakore ose aya, IAATO yakabatsira kutora mitemo yakakosha nemitemo yevanhu vayo iyo yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza vafambi vakachengeteka pavanodzivirira nzvimbo isina kusimba yeSouth Ocean uye Antarctic pachayo.
Antarctica By The Numbers
Gore roga rega, IAATO inodzinga dzimwe nhamba dzinonakidza munguva yeAntarctic yakapfuura, iyo inotanga munaNovember uye inotanga kusvika munaFebruary. Kupfuura nguva iyoyo, vashanyi vanoenda kunharaunda vanoita zvose kubva pakutora nzvimbo yepamusoro yekutakura kusvika kune mazana emakiromita kuenda kuSouth Pole, mune zvimwe zvakawanda zvingasarudzwa pakati -Zvamwe vashanyi vakaona kuti Antarctica inzvimbo inoda uye isina kukanganwira pa dzimwe nguva, asi kuti ihwowo ihwo hwakanaka chaizvo uye hunogutsawo zvakare.
Nhamba inofadza zvikuru inobva mubhuku ra2016 IAATO ndeyokuti vanhu 38 478 vakashanyira Antarctic munguva iyoyo. Icho chinomiririra kuwedzera kwe4,6% pamusoro pegore rapfuura, asi zviri pasi penguva yepamusoro ye 2007-2008, apo 46 265 vanhu vakaita rwendo kuenda pasi pepasi.
Izvo zvakati, zvisinei, sangano rakaratidza kuti vanhu 43 885 vaizoenda ikoko munguva yegore ra 2016-2017 sezvo ruzivo munharaunda yacho ichikura pakati pevaya vanofamba, uye vanhu vakawanda vanowana mari yekuziva inogona kuvabvumidza kushanyira nzvimbo yakadaro iri kure.
Kurwisana neChamhembe kweAgungwa neAntarctic Peninsula
Zvichida zvakanyanya kufadza asi ndezvipi izvo vese vafambi vacho vari kunyanya kuAntarctic. IAATO inotaura kuti vazhinji vavo vari kungoenda ikoko kumvura yeSouth Ocean uye kutsvaga gungwa rakakomba rakawanikwa pamwe nekondinendi yakaoma. Maererano nehurumende dzinoverengeka, inenge 1.1% yevashanyi vanobva mumhenderekedzo yegungwa uye vanoongorora mukati mekondinendi. Izvo zvakakonzerwa nekuti Antarctica nzvimbo dzakanyanya kure kure zvakaoma kusvika uye kutonhora mamiriro ezvinhu zvakatonyanya kudarika kupfuura ivo vari pedyo negungwa. Imwe 98.9% yevashanyi inonamatira kuAntarctic Peninsula, nevamwe vasina kumbobvira vachisiya ngarava yavo yekufamba netsoka pamahombekombe. Izvi zvinoratidzira zvakadaro, kuti marwendo egungwa anopa vatasarudza sarudzo yekudarika kubva kune ngarava iri kuwedzera. Izvo zvinosarudzwa zviripo pane midziyo inotakura vashoma vanopfuura 500, asi iyo inofanana neAntarctic Treaty System.
Mushanyi Nationalities
Vanhu veAmerica neChinese ndiyo nyika mbiri dzinoshanyira Antarctica, kunyanya kuumba 33% yevashanyi vose, asi iyo yekupedzisira inouya kune imwe nzvimbo iri kure ne12%. Nhamba dzeIAATO dzinopawo humwe uchapupu hwokuti China inokura mukurumbira mumusika wekufamba, sezvo vatashanyi vakaona kuwedzera kwakasimba mumakore achangopfuura. Munguva iyi, veAustralia, vaJermany, uye vafambi veBritain vanowedzera vazhinji vevakashanyira kuAntarctic.
IAATO iri kushanda kwemakore anodarika makumi maviri, uye inoenderera mberi kutsvaga nzira dzekuvandudza indasitiri inochengetedzwa yekushanya muAntarctic. Chimwe chinetso chikuru chesangano panguva ino ndechekugadzirisa kukura sechido chokufamba kuburikidza neAntarctic ichikura. Mukuwedzera pakufamba-famba mugungwa, dzimwe nzira dzakasviba dzakadai sekuputika kwekupedzisira kusvika kuSouth Pole vari kuve yakakurumbira zvakare.
Kubvumira izvozvi kuti zviitike apo zvichiri kudzivirira nzvimbo dziri kure uye dzisina kusimba zvinoramba zviri chinangwa chinokosha, kunyanya sezvo kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunowanzova kunetseka kukuru kweharaunda.
Utano Hwakasimba muAntarctic
Muhurukuro yekubudisa kuzivisa izvi, mutevedzeri mukuru weIAATO Dr. Kim Crosbie akataura izvi: "Makore makumi maviri apfuura akaratidza kuti nekuchengetedza kwakanaka kunogona kuti vashanyi vawane Antarctica pasina kushaya mhirizhonga pane zvakatipoteredza. Zvisinei, chido chekushanyira Antarctica chiri pachena kuti chakasimba kuitira kuti IAATO inofanira kuvaka pamusoro penheyo dzakarongwa kare kuti zvizosangana nematambudziko nemikana inotevera kuitira kutsigira kuchengetedza kwenguva refu kweAntarctica. "
Kana uri kuronga pakushanyira Seventh Continent pane imwe nguva mune ramangwana, iva nechokwadi chokuti ndiani wamambofamba naye nhengo yeIAATO. Makambani iwayo anovimbisa kutsigira mitemo yehutsika uye hutungamiri hune hutano kune iyo nzvimbo, iyo inotyisa dambudziko rekunyanya kunzwisiswa nenhamba yevashanyi vanoshanyira iyo gore negore.