Nhamba dzinoratidza kuti chisimba chakanyanya kupararira, asi chisina kuuraya.
Mumazuva ekutanga eSvondo, Gumiguru 12, mutambi mumwe chete akapinda usiku hwebhuruki muOrlando, Fla., Ndokutanga chii chaizova chiito chekufa chepfuti chisimba mumamamato emazuva ano eAmerica. Apo mamiriro acho akazoguma, 49 vanhu vakaurayiwa, uye vakawanda vakakuvadzwa.
Kunyange zvazvo chisimba chinogona kuputika chero kupi zvako munyika , kuputika kwemahombe mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana anowanzokonzera United States kupfuura dzimwe nzvimbo dziri munyika.
Izvi zvinowanzouya nekunyeverwa zvishoma uye zvinogona kuonekwa kuti hazvina kudzivirirwa zvachose. Nevamwe vafambi vakarongerwa kufamba gore rino, kufamba kwepamba kunowedzera dambudziko kupfuura kufamba kwenyika dzose here?
Hazvina mhosva kuti vanoenda kunhasi vanoenda kupi, zvinhu zvakanakisisa zvavanogona kutakura ndezveruzivo uye ruzivo. Iyi inotevera kuedza kupindura mamwe emibvunzo yakawanda inobvunzwa pamusoro pemhirizhonga muUnited States.
Ndeapi Vanhu Vakawanda Vanourawa Nezvipfuti muUnited States Gore Rese?
Maererano nekudzidza kwe2013 neCenters for Disease Control, vanhu 11 208 muUnited States vakaurayiwa vachishandisa chipfuti. Mukuona kwezvose zvinoparadza, 69.5 muzana zvakapedzwa vachishandisa bhomba.
Pakazara, CDC yakawana vanhu 33 636 vakaurayiwa nepfuti muUnited States munguva imwecheteyo yenguva. Mune maonero ehuwandu hwevanhu veAmerica, 10.6 vanhu pa100 000 vakaurayiwa nepfuti gore rose.
Pakati pehupenyu hwose hwekukuvadza, zvombo zvinonzi zvikamu gumi nezviviri zvehupfumi zvakataurwa.
Zvisinei, nhamba yevanhu vakaurayiwa nechibhakera muna 2013 yakanga yakaderera kune dzimwe nzira dzekufa-yakakonzerwa nekukuvara muUnited States. Munguva imwecheteyo yenguva, vanhu vakawanda vakafa mumatambudziko emotokari (33,804 kufa) uye nekuda kwehupfu (48,545 vakafa).
Minyengetero Yakawanda Yakaitika Sei muUnited States Gore Rese?
Zvinosuruvarisa, hapana mhinduro yakananga pamusoro pekuwanda kwekuputika kwemahombe uye "mamiriro ekushandura" mamiriro ezvinhu anoitika muUnited States. Zvadaro, masangano akasiyana-siyana ane tsanangudzo dzinopesana dzezvinofanirwa kune rimwe nerimwe chiitiko.
Maererano neFeral Bureau of Investigation's Yokudzidza ye Active Active Shooter Zviitiko muUnited States Pakati pe2000 na2013 , mutambi wekushingaira anotsanangurwa sekuti: "munhu anoshanda zvakasimba mukuuraya kana kuedza kuuraya vanhu munzvimbo yakachengetwa uye inogara vanhu." Maererano ne mushumo wegore ra2014, 160 "kushandiswa kwekushandura" mamiriro ezvinhu akaitika pakati pe2000 ne2013, pamusana pevhesi yevhisi 11 pagore. Pakati pe "shanduro yakashandura" zviitiko, boka revanhu 486 vakaurayiwa, vachienzanisa kusvika kune vanhu vatatu pane chimwe chiitiko.
Zvisinei, iyo yakawanda inonzi Gun Violence Archive, iyo yakachengetedzwa ne-non-for-profit corporation, inoti kune makumi matatu nemakumi matatu e "kutema mashoma" muUnited States muna 2015. Boka rinotsanangura "kuuraya vanhu" sechiitiko apo vanhu vanenge vana vanourawa kana kukuvadzwa, kusanganisira mutambudzi. Maererano nedheta ravo, vanhu 368 vakaurayiwa muzviitiko zve "kuuraya vanhu vazhinji" muna 2015, asi vanhu vanenge 321 vakakuvara.
Ndepapi Kukurukurirana kweMisa Kunowanikwa muAmerica?
Mumakore akapfuura, zviitiko zvikuru zvekupfura zvakaitika munzvimbo dzakakwirira zvikuru dzinoonekwa nzvimbo dzisina kumboonekwa sezvinangwa. Mafirimu emitambo, nzvimbo dzezvitoro, uye zvikoro zvese zvave izvo zvinorwiswa nevashori mumakore mashomanana apfuura.
Maererano neNational Consortium yeChidzidzo cheUgandanga uye Mhinduro kuUgandanga (START) Global Terrorism Database paYunivhesiti yeMadganic, zviitiko zvizhinji zvepfuti muUnited States zvakatarisa vagari vega voga uye pfuma. Zviitiko zvinopfuura 90 kubva pakati pa1970 na2014 zvinosanganisira chigamba chakaitirwa vanhu, zvichiita zviitiko zvekupfura zvikuru. Mabhizimisi (akadai sezvikwata zvekutengesa uye mafirimu emitambo) ndiyo yaiva yechipiri inonyanya kudiwa, uye ine zviitiko 84 panguva yekutsvakurudza kwemakore makumi mana nemakumi mana. Kuratidzira zvikamu zvishanu zvakakwirira zvinosanganisira mapurisa (63 zviitiko), zvinangwa zvehurumende (zviitiko zvinomwe), uye zviitiko zvezvematongerwo enyika (zviitiko 21).
Kunyange zvazvo dzidzo dzekudzidzisa dzakanga dziri pane urongwa, zvipfumbamwe chete ndizvo zvinangwa zvekurwisana pakati pa1970 na2014. Zvisinei, avo vakagara kuchikoro vaiva pakati pevakafa zvikuru, sezvo START inorondedzera kuuraya kweColumbine High School sechirwere chinouraya pane zvakasarudzwa. Harina kubatanidza ndiro 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School kupoteredza, sezvo START yakanga isina kukodzera iyo yedata rekushandisa.
Mukuwedzera, iyo dhesi yakataura zviitiko 18 zvekupura mhepo zvakatarisa kubvisa pamuviri kwekliniki muUnited States. Kunyange zvazvo 2015 yakagadzira zvinyorwa zvepfuti zvakawanikwa paTransport Security Administration zvishomanana , zviitiko zvitanhatu chete zvekupfura zvakaitika munzvimbo dzezvikepe. Vatashanyi vairwirwa mune zviitiko zvina zvekupfura.
United States Inofananidzwa Nenyika Sei Nokudhinda Zviitiko?
Zvakare, zvakaoma kuenzanisa United States nedzimwe nyika nokuda kwezviitiko zvekupfura kwevanhu vakawanda, zvichienderana nenhamba isinganzwisisi yedata iripo. Zvisinei, zvidzidzo zvakasiyana siyana zvakabatsira kugadzira pfungwa yekuti sei uye kupi uko kuputika kwevanhu vakawanda kuchiitika munyika.
Achitaura nezvekutsvakurudza kubva kuHarare University yeNew York muOswego neTexas State University, The Wall Street Journal yakagumisa kuti pane 133 "zviitiko zvekupfura" muUnited States pakati pe2000 ne2014, pasi pehuwandu hwe "hunoshingaira shooter" zviitiko zvakataurwa ne iyo FBI panguva yakafanana nenguva.
Zvinonyanya kukosha, nhamba yekuputika kwemahombe muUnited States yakawanikwa nevatsvakurudzi yakapfuura zvimwe zvose zviri munyika. IGermany yaiva nyika yepedyo kuAmerica nokuda kwekuputika kwevanhu vazhinji, nezviitiko zvitanhatu panguva yekutsvakurudza. Mamwe ose enyika aingova nokuputika kwemasero makumi maviri nemaviri, neUnited States kupfuura nyika yose mukuputika nehuwandu hwechina kusvika kune imwe.
Zvisinei, kuputika kwevakafa kune 100 000 muhuwandu hakuna kuitika muUnited States. Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti Norway yakaona kuurayiwa kwevanhu vakawanda, uye 1.3 vanhu vakaurayiwa ne100 000 muhupenyu mukurwisa kwavo chete. Finland neSwitzerland zvakare vakawana kuputika kwepakati pevanhu 100 000 kupfuura United States, pasinei nokuti vane zviitiko zviviri uye chimwe chete, zvichienderana.
Dhiyabhorosi inofungidzirwa neCriminal Prevention Resource Center, sangano risina purogiramu rinowanikwa muWashington, DC, rakawana zvakafanana zvakafanana zvakare: kuputika kwevanhu vakawanda muUnited States kwakanga kusiri kuurayiwa zvikuru kana zvichienzaniswa nehuwandu hwevanhu. Mukuenzanisa United States neCanada neEuropean Union, America inowedzera chegumi mumatambudziko ekuuraya, ne0089 vanhu vakaurayiwa nemamiriyoni evanhu vakawanda vari kuputika.
Pakufananidza kuwanda kwezviitiko zvekupfura kwevanhu vakawanda pamusoro pevanhu, United States yakatora 12 th pasi rose ne0078 mashomanana ekuputika kwevanhu vane mamiriyoni imwe muUnited States. Nhoroondo yavo inoratidza kuti Makedhoniya, Albania, neSerbia vakaona kuwanda kwemahombekombe kwevanhu vane mamiriyoni mumwe, zvakasarudzwa pamusoro apa .28 zviitiko ne100 000.
Ndingagadzirira Sei Njodzi Kana Ndichifamba?
Usati wasimuka kuti uende rwendo rwotevera, pane zvinhu zvakawanda vafambi vanogona kuzviita kuti vagadzirire ivo pachavo mamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa. Kutanga, avo vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika vanofanira kufunga nezvekugadzira chikwata chekufambisa chikwata kuti vatakure pamwe chete mumutoro wavo. Simba rakasimba rinowanzobatanidza makopi emabhuku akakosha ( kusanganisira passports ), nhamba dzokusimbisa ndege, ruzivo rwekufambisa, uye nhamba dzomunhare dzinoshamiswa.
Zvadaro, avo vanobva kuUnited States vanofanirwa kunyora kusayina yeStart Traveler Inrollment Program (STEP). Kunyange zvazvo kune dzakawanda mamiriro ezvinhu umo United States Embassy isingagoni kubatsira vanofamba , chirongwa che STEP chinogona kutarisa vanofambira munguva yekutambudzika, vachivabvumira kutora matanho kuchengetedza kuchengeteka kwavo.
Pakupedzisira, vafambi vanofanira kufungidzira kugadzira chirongwa chekuchengeteka vasati vasvika kusvika pakuenda kwavo. Mitemo yepamutemo mahofisi anokurudzira avo vanobatwa mukurwisa vanofanira kutevera danho rechitanhatu: kumhanya, kuvanza kana kurwa, uye utaure. Nokutevera nzira iyi, avo vanozviwana vari pakati pemamiriro ezvinhu vanogona kuwedzera mikana yavo yekupona.
Kunyangwe pasina munhu anofanirwa kubatwa muhupenyu-kana-kufa, kugadzirira mberi kwenguva kunogona kureva musiyano pakati pekupona uye kuva munhu akabatwa. Nokunzwisisa kupi uye kuti sei kuputika kwevanhu vakawanda kuchiitika, vafambi vanogona kuramba vakangwarira, uye vachichengetedza chirongwa chekuchengetedza chavo pasinei nokuti vanoenda kupi.