Ichiziviswa seSouth Africa's national flower muna 1976, mambo protea ( Protea cynaroides) isango rinotumbuka rakanaka uye rakasiyana nedzimwe nyika. Inowanikwa chete muCape Floristic Region, mambo protea ndeyemhando yeProtea, iyo inowanikwa chikamu chemhuri yeProteaceae - boka iro rinosanganisira anenge 1,350 marudzi akasiyana-siyana.
Mambo protea ane mazai makuru emusoro wemhando yaro uye anokosheswa ne artichoke-yakafanana nemaruva.
Kukura kusvika ku 300mm muhupamhi, maruva anofadza anowirirana akasiyana nemuchena kubva muchena machena kusvika kumucheka wakajeka kana mupfupi wakadzika. Miti yacho pachayo inokura kusvika pakati pe 0.35 mamita uye 2 mamita pakureba uye ine tsvina yakareba inosvika pasi pevhu. Iyi tsvina inowanzova yakawanda yakaoma, inobvumira mambo protea kuti ararame mhepo dzinopisa dzinowanzoputira hupenyu hwayo. Kana imwe nguva moto uchingopera, mashizha ane simba anowanzobuda mumhirizhonga yemuvara-kuitira kuti mhuka dzave dzakafanana nekuberekwa patsva.
The Symbolism of the King Protea
Mambo protea ndeimwe yezvinyorwa zveku South Africa zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa, pamwe chete nechechi inopinda springbok uye mureza wemarara-ruvara. Maererano nehurumende yeSouth Africa, maruva "chiratidzo chekunakidza kwenyika yedu, uye kutumbuka kwemaitiro edu senyika mukutsvaga kubuda kweAfrica". Inoratidzika paSouth Africa jasi rezvombo , pamwe chete nekuurawa kweimwe zviratidzo.
Izvi zvinosanganisira zvidimbu zviviri kubva padombo rakakurumbira reKoisan, nyori munyori uye vaviri vakayambuka zvombo zvechigarire.
Dare reCricket yeSouth Africa rinodaidzwa nezita rokuti "Proteas", uye ruva rinowanikwa pachikwata chemutambo. Kunyange zvazvo rugby team ikatumidzwa zita re springbok, kwete reprotea, majeti emitambo yose anoratidza mambo weprotea akaiswa mumarudzi e South Africa yegoridhe uye zvitubu.
The Protea Genus
Dzimwe nguva dzinonzi sugarbushes, nhengo dzebhinzi reProtea dzinobva pasi-zvinokambaira shrubs kusvika pamamita makumi matatu-mamita-refu. Zvose zvine mashizha echekete uye maruva-semaruva (kunyange zvazvo izvi zvinowanzosiyana zvakasiyana-siyana). Mamwe mhando dzinokura zviduku zvitsvuku, asi vamwe vane dhizha uye dema. Zvimwe zvinofanana nesipikisi machena machena. Mukuda kweizvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshamisa, botanist wezana remakore rechi18 Carl Linnaeus akatumidza zita reProtea shure kwechiGiriki mwari Proteus, uyo akakwanisa kuchinja maitiro ake mukuda.
Kuparadzirwa kweProteaceae Mhuri
92% yeprotea yemarudzi inowanikwa kuCape Floristic Region, nzvimbo iri kumaodzanyemba uye kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero South Africa inozivikanwa seNESESCO World Heritage Site nokuda kwezvisizvo zvisati zvamboitika zvebhodanic. Munenge mapuroteni ose anokura kumaodzanyemba kweRwizi rweLimpopo - kunze kweumwe chete, unowedzera pamatope eGomo reKenya .
Zvinofungidzirwa kuti madzitateguru emuProteaceae mhuri yakatanga kuonekwa mamiriyoni emakore akapfuura, apo masimusi ekumaodzanyemba kwenyika yakange ari akabatanidzwa seyekare, Gondwana. Apo kondinendi ikakamura, mhuri inopatsanurwa kuva maviri-mhuri-yebazi reProteoideae, iro rava kunowedzera kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica (kusanganisira mambo protea), uye bazi reGreekville.
Iyo yekupedzisira yemarudzi inowanika kunyanya muSouthwest-Australia, ine maduku maduku kumabvazuva kweAsia neSouth America.
Protea Research
Makoroni muCape Floristic Region uye ruwa rwefloristic rwekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweAustralia rwakaratidza kunyanya kunakidza kune vashandi. Iyi nharaunda dzinomiririra mbiri dzepasi pose dzakasiyana-siyana. Maererano nekuongorora kwakatungamirirwa neBritish biologist, chiyero chekushanduka-shanduka katatu zvakakurumidza pano kupfuura chaiye, uye mhando itsva yeprotea inoonekwa nguva yose uye inoguma nekusiyana kwakasiyana kwehupenyu hwemichero. MuSouth Africa, masayendisiti kuCape Town's Kirstenbosch Gardens anobatanidzwa mune basa guru rekugadzira kupararira kwenzvimbo dzepurotesa dziri kuSouth Africa.
Kwatingawana
Nhasi, proteas inokurudzirwa munyika dzinopfuura 20 dzakasiyana.
Vanokura uye vanoparadzirwa nekutengeserana nemasangano kusanganisira International Protea Association uye vakaiswa kumapaki neminda kumativi ose enyika. Avo vanoda kuedza ruoko rwavo pakukura kwavo pachavo vanogona kuronga mbeu dzeprotea kubva kumakambani akafanana neB Fine Bush People. Zvisinei, pane chimwe chinhu chakangofanana nekuona South Africa yose yemaruva inokura musango paTable Mountain kana muCedarberg.