Carl B. Stokes anozivikanwa zvikuru nokuda kweCleveland's 51st mayor - mutevedzeri wekuAfrica-America weguta guru reUnited States. Akanga ariwo murwi, gweta, nhengo yeOhio House of Representatives, muparidzi, mutongi, baba, mukoma weCongressman, uye Amamiriri weUnited States.
Makore ekutanga
Carl Burton Stokes akaberekerwa muCleveland muna 1927 mwanakomana wechipiri waCharles naLouise Stokes. Vabereki vake vaibva kuGeorgia uye vakanga vauya kuchamhembe munguva ye "Great Migration" mukutsvaga mikana iri nani yezvemagariro evanhu nemari.
Baba vake vaiva mucheki uye amai vake vakadzi vanochenesa. Charles Stokes akafa apo Carl aingova nemakore maviri uye amai vake vakamutsa vanakomana vake vaviri muItwaite Homes housing project paE 69th St.
MuHondo
Achida kupukunyuka urombo hwoucheche hwake, Stokes akasiya chikoro chesekondari muna 1944 ndokushanda kwenguva pfupi kuti Thompson Products (gare gare ive TRW). Muna 1945, akapinda muuto. Mushure mekubuda kwake muna 1946, akadzokera kuCleveland; akapedza chikoro chesekondari; uye, achibatsirwa naGI Bill, akapedza kudzidza kubva kuYunivhesiti yeMinnesota uye gare gare kubva kuCleveland Marshall Law School.
Zvematongerwo Enyika
Stokes akatanga basa rake rezvematongerwe enyika muhofisi yemuchuchisi weCleveland. Muna 1962, akasarudzwa kuenda kuOhio House of Representatives, basa raakabata nokuda kwemashoko matatu. Muna 1965, akakundwa zvakananga mukutsvaga meya weCleveland. Akamhanya zvakare muna 1967 uye akarova (akanga ane 50.5% yevhoti) Seth Taft, muzukuru weMutungamiri William H.
Taft. Nekukunda kwake, nguva yerima rezvematongerwo enyika muAmerica yakanga yasvika.
Mutungamiri wekutanga weAmerica Mutevedzeri weDzimba
Stokes vakagara nhaka kuCleveland iyo yakarongedzwa nemasvingo, pamwe nevose vekunyama Clevelanders (99.5%) vanogara kumabvazuva kweMupata weCuyahoga, vazhinji vakazara muvakwegura, vakwegura.
Stokes yakawedzera mutero wemari yeguta uye yakakunda kugamuchira vhoti yezvikoro, dzimba, zoo, uye mamwe mabasa emaguta. Akasimbisawo "Cleveland Now!" purogiramu, sangano rakabhadharwa mari yakabhadharwa kubatsira rubatsiro rwakasiyana-siyana rwemunharaunda.
Kuda kwepakutanga kwehutungamiri hwake kwakavhiringidzwa apo nzvimbo yeCleveland (yakawanda yakasviba) yeGlenville yakavhiringidza mumhirizhonga muna 1968. Apo yakadzidzwa kuti avo vakaronga mhirizhonga vakange vagamuchira mari kubva ku "Cleveland Now!", Mipiro yakasva uye Stokes 'kutendeseka kwakatambudzwa . Akasarudza kusatora nguva yechitatu.
Muteresi, Mutongi, Nhume
Mushure mokusiya hofisi yemaire muna 1971, Stokes akatamira kuNew York City, kwaakazova wokutanga weAfurika-American anchorman muguta iroro muna 1972. Muna 1983 akadzokera kuCleveland kuzoshanda semutongi wemasuo, nzvimbo yaakabata kwemakore 11 . Muna 1994, Mutungamiri Clinton akamugadza kumumiriri weUnited States kuRepublic of the Seychelles.
Mhuri
Stokes akanga aroorwa katatu: Shirley Edwards muna 1958 (vakarambana muna 1973) uye kuRaija Kostadinov muna 1981 (vakarambana muna 1993) zvakare muna 1996. Akanga ana vana vana - Carl Jr., Cordi, Cordell, naCynthia . Mukoma wake ndiye waimbova US Congressman, Louis Stokes. Vanyori vake vanosanganisira Cleveland Mutongi Angela Stokes uye mutori wenhau ari kuparidzira Lori Stokes.
Rufu
Carl Stokes akaonekwa kuti ane kenza yemusikirwe paakanga akamira muSychelles. Akadzoka kuzobatwa kuCleveland Clinic, kwaakazofira muna 1996. Akavigwa kuCleveland's Lake View Cemetery , iyo inonyanya kukosha inoti "Ambassador Carl B. Stokes," basa raainyanya kuzvikudza. Yese yeJune 21 pamusi wekuzvarwa kwake, boka reClevelanders rinopemberera upenyu hwake panzvimbo yeguva.
> Sources
> Carl B. Stokes uye Kubhururuka kweBlack Political Power , Leonard N. Moore; University of Illinois Press; 2002
Encyclopedia of Cleveland History , yakagadzirwa uye yakarongedzwa naDavid D. Tassel naJohn J. Grabowski; Indiana University Press; 1987; peji 670
> Zvipikirwa zveMasimba: Kuongorora zvematongerwe enyika , Carl B. Stokes; Simoni naShupori; 1973