Nhoroondo uye Nhamba Dzechirwere Chekufa muPA
Kuurayiwa senzira yekuranga muPennsylvania inodzokera shure panguva iyo vatongi vekutanga vakauya kusvika kuma1900. Panguva iyoyo, vanhu vakarembera vakave chirango chikuru nekuda kwemhosva dzakasiyana-siyana, kubva pakubvambisa nekupamba, kubata chibharo, kubata chibharo, uye kubiridzira (muPennsylvania panguva iyoyo, "kugadzirwa" kunotaurwa nezvepabonde nemhuka).
Muna 1793, William Bradford, Attorney General wePennsylvania akanyora "Inquiry Kupi Kurangwa Kworufu Kunodiwa muPennsylvania." Mariri, akasimbisa zvakasimba kuti chirango chekufa chichengetwe, asi akabvuma kuti zvakanga zvisina zvazvinobatsira pakudzivirira dzimwe mhosva.
Kutaura zvazviri, akati chirango chekufa chakaita kuti kutenda kuwedzere kuwana, nokuti muPennsylvania (nezvimwe zvose zvinotaura), chirango chekufa chakanga chiri chikonzero uye jurusi kazhinji kacho haina kudzorera mutongo ane mhosva nekuda kweizvi. Mukupindura, muna 1794, sangano rePennsylvania rakapedza chirango chemhosva nekuda kwemhosva dzose kunze kwekuponda "muchigamba chekutanga," nguva yokutanga kuponda yakanga yaputsika mu "degrees."
Zvipfeko zvepakati pevanhu zvakakurumidza kukura zvikaonekwa zvakashata uye, muna 1834, Pennsylvania yakava nyika yekutanga mubatanidzwa kubvisa mahwendefa evanhu vose. Kwema makumi emakumi masere anotevera, dunhu rega rega rakagadzira "zvigaro zvaro zvepachivande" mukati memasvingo ejeri iri mujeri.
Electro Chair Executions muPennsylvania
Kuitwa kwematambudziko makuru kwakava mutoro wehurumende muna 1913, apo chigaro chegetsi chakatora nzvimbo yematanda. Vakagadzwa muHurumende Correctional Institution kuRockview, Centre County, chigaro chegesi chakanzi "Old Smokey." Kunyange zvazvo chirango chikuru ne electrocution chaibvumirwa nemitemo muna 1913, kunyange chigaro kana chikwata chakanga chisati chagadzirira kugara kusvikira 1915.
Muna 1915, John Talap, mhondi yakapomerwa kubva kuMontgomery County, ndiye munhu wokutanga akaurayiwa pachigaro. Musi waApril 2, 1962, Elmo Lee Smith, mumwe akatongerwa mhondi kubva kuMontgomery County, ndiye wekupedzisira wevanhu 350, kusanganisira vakadzi vaviri, kufa muPennsylvania chair chair.
Lethal Injection muPennsylvania
Musi waNovember 29, 1990, Gov.
Robert P. Casey akasaina mutemo unoshandura mutemo wePennsylvania wekuuraya kubva ku electrocution kune injection inouraya uye, musi waMay 2, 1995, Keith Zettlemoyer akava munhu wokutanga akaurayiwa nejeri rinouraya muPennsylvania. Chigaro chegetsi chakashandurwa kuPennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission.
Pennsylvania Penalty Statute
Muna 1972, Pennsylvania State Supreme Court yakatonga muCommwewealth v. Bradley kuti chirango chekufa chakanga chisingabvumirano nemitemo, achishandisa sepakutanga sarudzo yepamusoro yeU.S. Supreme Court muFurman v. Georgia. Panguva iyoyo, maiva nematambudziko gumi nemaviri ekufa muPennsylvania mujeri. Vose vakabviswa kubva murufu uye vakatongerwa upenyu. Muna 1974, mutemo wakamutswa kwechinguva, pamberi pePurisa Rukuru rePA zvakare rakazivisa mutemo kuti hauna kutenderwa mutemo mumusangano waDecember 1977. Dare rezvematongerwo enyika rakakurumidza kugadzira shanduro itsva, yakatanga kushanda munaSeptember 1978, pamusoro peveto yeGavhuna Shapp. Iri chirango chekufa, iro rinoramba riripo nhasi, rakasimbiswa mune zvichemo zvishomanana zvekare kuDare Repamusorosoro reUnited States.
Ndeipi chirwere chekufa chinoshandiswa muPennsylvania?
Chirango chekufa chingangoshandiswa chete muPennsylvania mune mamiriro ezvinhu apo mumiririri anowanikwa ane mhosva yekuuraya chiremba chekutanga.
Kunzwa kwakasiyana kunobatwa nekuda kwekutsvaira nekugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu. Kana chimwe chezvinhu gumi zvinowedzera zvinowanikwa mumutemo uye hapana chimwe chezvinhu zvisere zvinopesana zvinowanika kuvapo, mutongo unofanira kunge uri rufu.
Nhanho inotevera inotongerwa kutongwa nemutongi. Kazhinji, pane kutambisa pakati pemutongo wekutongerwa uye kutongerwa kutongerwa sekutongwa kwemashure kunonzwika uye kunofungidzirwa. Kuzvitsvaga kwekutsvaga nyaya yacho neHurumende yepamusoro-soro inotevera kutongwa. Dare rinogona kutsigira mutongo kana kuti kubvisa kutongerwa kwemutongo weupenyu.
Kana Dare Repamusorosoro richisimbisa mutongo uyu, nyaya yacho inouya kuHurumende yeHurumende iyo inongororwa nemutemo wepamutemo uye, pakupedzisira, neGavhuna pachake. Gavhuna chete ndiye anogona kugadzirisa zuva rekuuraya, rinoitwa kuburikidza nekunyora kwebhuku rinozivikanwa seGavhuna Warrant.
Nomutemo, zvose zvinourawa zvinowanikwa kuHurumende Correctional Institution kuRockview.