Cheat Sheet yekufambisa tsika dzeRussia netsika
Mitemo yeRussia chokwadi ichakupa pfupi kuongorora nyaya huru. Dzidza nezvemitambo, inokosha inhoroondo dzezviitiko, ruzivo rwekukura kweRussia, uye mazano ekuenda kuRussia. Kuziva nezvetsika dzeRussia kuchaita kuti kushanyira kwako kune iri guru reEastern Europe nyika zvese zvinonakidza! Izvi zvinotevera zvinotarisirwa kuva mutungamiri unokurumidza kune vanofambira kana vadzidzi.
Chokwadi Nezve Nyika yeRussia
Russia ndiyo nyika huru munyika yose uye inotenderera Europe neAsia kubva kumavirazuva kusvika kuEast.
Nokuti Russia inopindirana nenyika yakawanda, inoratidzawo zvakasiyana-siyana zvema geography uye madzinza. Kunyange zvazvo generalizations pamusoro pemutauro weRussia inogona kuitwa, ukuru uye kusiyana-siyana kwenyika zvinoreva kuti zvikamu muRussia zvinogadzirisa tsika dzisiri dzisiri dzeimwe nzvimbo dzeRussia.
Russia's Peoples
Kunyange zvazvo avo vanogara muRussia vanonzi "Russia," dzinenge 160 dzinza dzakasiyana-siyana dzinogona kuwanikwa muRussia. ChiRussia ndiyo mutauro wakarongeka, kunyange zvazvo mitauro inopfuura 100 inotaurwa nevanhu vayo. Vakawanda veRussia vanoona nechitendero cheEastern Orthodox (yechiKristu), asi chiJudha, Islam, uye Buddhism zvinowanzoitwa muRussia.
Mizinda yeRussia
Guta guru reRussia ndiMoscow , kunyange zvazvo muSt. Petersburg pane imwe nguva yakagamuchira zita iroro uye iye zvino rinoshanda se "yechipiri guta guru." Moscow inogara kune zviratidzo zvakawanda zvinokosha zveRussia tsika, dzakadai seKremlin, St. Basil's Cathedral , Tretyakov Gallery, uye zvimwe.
Guta rimwe nerimwe muRussia rakasiyana uye rinoratidza tsika yaro. Semuenzaniso, Kazan ine simba rakasimba reTatar uye ndiro guta reRepublic of Tatarstan. Maguta eSiberia anoratidza hupenyu hwekugara kumabvazuva kweRussia nekunaya kunotonhora kunotyisa uye nemadzinza emarudzi. Maguta ari munzira dzinokosha dzokutengeserana, saVolga, kuchengetedza zvinhu zveRussia yekare.
Zvokudya zveRussia uye Inwa
Zvokudya zveRussia nechinwiwa chikamu chikuru chehupenyu munyika ino yakakura. Vanhu vakawanda vanoziva vodka yeRussia, iyo yakajeka, mweya usina kunaka unokurudzira kukurukurirana uye inopisa ropa. Asi vanhu vokuRussia vanonyanya kunwa doro, uye chiRussian tsika tsika yakasimba sevodka tsika. Zvokudya zveRussia zvinonyaradza, zvakapfuma, uye zvinotarisa pane zvinonaka zvinofanirwa kupfuura zvizvarwa. Zvokudya zvezororo zvakakosha muRussia, kufanana nekuchach uye paska, nyasha dzemazuva nenguva, uye kugadzirira kwavo uye kushandiswa kwakapoteredzwa netsika.
Upenyu hwemhuri yeRussia
Mhuri yeRussia haina kusiyana zvakanyanya kubva kumhuri dzakapoteredza nyika. Vose mai nababa vanoshanda, uye vana vanoenda kuchikoro (kwavanogara vachidzidza Chirungu nemimwe mitauro) kuti vagadzirire yunivhesiti. Babushka, mbuya veRussia, vanozadza basa revakadzi vakachenjera, muchengeti wemangariro uye tsika, uye mubiki wezvokudya zvinonakidza zvinonyaradza.
Mhuri dzeRussia dzimwe nguva dzinochengetedza dacha, kana dzimba dzezhizha, pavanopukunyuka pakupera kwevhiki kana muzhizha uye pavanoshandisa miriwo yemiriwo nemiti yemichero.
Paunotaura neshamwari kana mhuri, zvakakosha kuziva zvishoma nezvemaRussia mazita , asingateereri magungano emutauro weChirungu.
Iwe unogona kunzwa munhu mumwechete akadanwa nemazita akasiyana-siyana asinganzwi chinhu chakafanana!
Mazororo eRussia
Russia inopemberera mitemo yeWestern yepamusoro, yakadai seKrisimasi, Gore Idzva neIsita, asi mamwe mazororo, akafanana neAvory Day uye International Women's Day, anonyanya kusimbisa muRussia. Mazororo eRussia anozivawo zvakajeka zvibudiro zveRussia; somuenzaniso, Cosmonaut Day inopemberera kubudirira kweRussia munzvimbo yekuongorora nzvimbo.
Russian Traditions
Mutsika yeRussia inowanzotsika tsika. Tsika dzinodzora zvose kubva kune maruva akawanda maruva kupa mukadzi kuti anganwa sei bhodhoro revodka. Kudzidza pamusoro pemitambo yeRussia kunowedzera ruzivo rwako muRussia nokuti iwe uchakwanisa kufamba mamiriro ezvinhu evanhu pamwe nechivimbo.
Russian Mutauro
Mutauro weRussia unoshandisa Cyrillic alphabet.
Russian Cyrillic inoshandisa 33 tsamba. Tsamba idzi dzinotorwa kubva kune rimwe rekare rechiSlavic rakagadzirwa apo Cyril naMethodius vakaparadzira chiKristu kune vekumaodzanyemba veSlavic muzana remakore rechigumi nemana. Kana uri kufamba muRussia, zvinobatsira kuziva kuti ndezvipi mabhii mumutauro weCyrillic akanyorwa zvakafanana netsamba dzeLatin. Izvi zvinoita kuti kuverenga zviratidzo uye mapepa zvive nyore, kunyange kana iwe usingagoni kutaura mutauro.
Mutauro weRussia pachawo mutauro weSlavic uye unoshandisa mamwe mazwi emisidzwi nemanzwi nemimwe mitauro yeSlavic.
Russian Literature
Russia ine imwe yemitemo yakawanda yemitauro nemitauro. Vanhu vazhinji vanoziva naTolstoy, uyo akanyora iyo inotyisa War and Peace naDostoevsky, vakanyora rimwe bhuku rakakosha, Uchimhosva uye Kuranga . Vateereri vemazuva ano vachiri kuseka Chekhov, uye nhetembo dzinofarira dzinofamba pamusoro pemaPushkin. Vanhu vokuRussia vanotora mabhuku avo zvakanyanya, uye vazhinji veRussia vanogona kutora zvinyorwa zvinyorwa kubva pamabasa akakurumbira pamvura yehope. Dzidza zvishoma pamusoro pevanyori veRussia nevanyori vanyori kuti vafadze chaizvo shamwari dzako dzeRussia. Zvino, kana iwe uchifamba, shanyira maimbove maimba evanyori veRussia; dzakawanda dzinochengeterwa semamyuziyamu.
Russian Arts and Crafts
Mhemberero dzechiRussia dzakagadzirwa nemaoko dzinoita zvipo zvinoshamisa uye mishonga yemisha. Chibvumirano chinonyanya kuzivikanwa cheRussia ndicho chido chematryoshka kana peputi chikafu. Mabhokisi e-lacquer akashongedzwa zvakanaka uye anoitawo zviyeuchidzo zvakasiyana. Maitiro emunharaunda uye emunyika (funga Khokhloma nePalekh) yehutano hwevanhu, uyewo zvinhu (birchbark), zvinoreva zvirairo. Izvi zvinogona kutengwa pamusika wekuyeuka. Zvimwe ndezvehupenyu hwakanaka uye hunounza kufadza kumarudzi mazhinji.
History History
Nhoroondo yeRussia inotanga neKivanvan Rus, iyo yakavapo seyokutanga yakabatanidzwa, maSlavic echiKristu uye yaiva nzvimbo huru yezvematongerwe enyika uye yekudzidza. Mushure mokunge Kievan Rus yakawa nekuda kweMongolia, vanhu vakuru veMoscow vakawana simba uye simba munzvimbo iyi. Petro Mukuru akaisa hurumende yeRussia ndokuendesa guta guru kuSt. Petersburg, akatsunga kuita kuti Russia ive nechokumadokero nenyika. NeBolshevik Revolution mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, hurumende yeRussia yakaparadzaniswa uye makore makumi manomwe ekutonga kweCommunist akatevera. Kusvikira kumagumo ezana remakore rapfuura, Russia yakava democracy uye inoramba ichikura mune zvematongerwo enyika uye mune zvehupfumi semasimba enyika. Zvakawanda, zvakawanda zveRussia nhau zvakakosha mutsika yeRussia nokuti vakaita Russia (uye vanhu vayo) chii chiripo nhasi. Chimiro cheSt. Petersburg chakasiyana ne "European" nekuda kwekuedza kwaPeter Mukuru; Eastern Orthodoxy ndiyo chitendero chakakurumbira muRussia nekuda kwechiKristu cheKivan Rus; Revolution ye1917 yakachinja maRussia mabhuku, unyanzvi, nemafungiro. Sezvo nyika ipi zvayo yakaumbwa nezvakaitika kare, ndizvo zvakaitawo Russia kuumbwa nezviitiko-kuchinja-siyana.