Gossypium barbadense , inowanzonzi Pima cotton, nhasi inorimwa mune dzakawanda dzezvikwata zvakakura zvekukura kwepasi. Iyi ikotoni yepamusoro, yakakosha zvikuru pamusika wepasi rose, ichiri kukura muNorthern Peru - nzvimbo iyo yakabva nayo inogona kuwanikwa, uye iyo inozivikanwa sePeruvian Pima cotton.
Nhoroondo Pfupi yePeru Pima Cotton yePeruvia
Gossypium barbadense akapiwa zita rokuti "Pima" cotton mukuremekedza vanhu veAmerican Pima vanhu vakatanga kukohwa kamba muUnited States.
Vazhinji vevanhu vePima vakashanda purazi yekuedza yekurima kwemavara emhando yekotoni, munda wakagadzirwa neUnited States Dhipatimendi Rezvekurima (USDA) kumavambo 1900s muSataton, Arizona.
Kunyange zvazvo zita rinowanzobva pamiti yacho yakatanga kuNorth America, maitiro aro ezvakanyorwa anotenda kuva South America. Uchapupu hwekuchera matongo hunoratidza kuti Gossypium barbadense yakatanga kukohwa munharaunda iyo inopoteredza nzvimbo yegungwa pakati pekumusoro kwePeru nekumaodzanyemba kweEcuador. Zvidheka zvepotton zvakawanikwa muPeru zvakarongedzwa kusvika kare kare muna 3100 BC Vanochera matongo vakawana zvikoni zvekotoni munguva ino muHuaca Prieta kugadzirwa munzvimbo yeLa Libertad iri kuchamhembe kwePeru, nzvimbo inowanikwa munzvimbo yemazuva ano.
Maererano nePlant Resources yeTropical Africa (PROTA4U) webhusaiti, "MuPeru, michina yekotoni inobva kuGossypium barbadense yakadai semucheka, cordage, uye mambure ekuredza hove yakadzoka kusvika munenge muna 2500 BC"
AmaInas akacherawo ikotoni kubva kuGossypium barbadense genus, kuti ishandiswe mune zvose zviripo uye maitiro ekugadzira. Maitiro avo ekugadzira micheka uye kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvavo vakafadza maSpanish Conquistadors, varume vakafanana avo vakazopedzisira vaita maitiro akawanda eInca textile-kushanda pakurasika panguva yekukunda kwePeru.
Nzira yakarurama yekushanduka kweGossypium barbadense yakaoma. Pasinei neG. barbadense iyo yakabva mumhenderekedzo yegungwa yeEcuador nePeru, zvakasiyana-siyana zvino zvirimwa muPeru zvinogona kunge zvakagadzirwa muU.SA mumavambo ekutanga kwema1900, iyo iyo yakayambuka neEgypt ELS cotton. Zvakaoma? Ehe.
Sezvakamira, zita rePeruvia Pima cotton rinosiyanisa marudzi akasiyana-siyana eGossypium barbadense akabudiswa muPeru kubva kune dzimwe mhando, dzakadai seAmerica Pima.
Chii Chinoita Peruvian Pima Cotton So Special?
Ikoti ikotoni - kana kuti iyo? Stefani Yafa, mubhuku rake Cotton: Biography yeRevolutionary Fiber , inoratidza kukosha kwehurefu mune chero ipi zvayo yemhando yekotoni fiber. Kamba yakanakisa yakasiyana nemakotoni anozivikanwa mune zvekuti fiber iri kure, uye kusiyana uku kunokosha. Yafa inofanidza izvi ne "musiyano pakati pewaini yakanyanyisa yekudhakwa uye Chateau yekumatenga Lafite-Rothschild."
Gossypium barbadense , kana Pima kamba, yakarongerwa seSy Long Long Staple cotton (ELS cotton). Pima cotton fibers inogona kupfuura inodarika kaviri urefu hwemasikironi akazara, chokwadi chinopa Pima cotton zvimwe zvakasiyana uye unhu hunodiwa.
Muna 2004, mushumo weUnited States International Trade Commission unonzi Textiles uye Apparel: Kuongorora kweKuita Kwanano Kwevamwe Vokune dzimwe Nyika kune US Market Market yakataura zvinotevera:
"Pima pota yePeru inonzi inopikisana nekodhoni yepamusoro yeEgipita uye inozivikanwa nokuda kwekuti haisi iyo yakakura kudarika-yakakura yekotoni munyika asiwo nokuda kwekunaka kwayo, maererano nevamwe vashandi vekuAmerica," vanopikisa silika. ""
Iko kusanganiswa kwekunyorera, simba, nekugara kwenguva refu kwakagamuchira Pima cotton yeruzhinji rwepasi rose sekotoni yepamusoro. Maitiro ekukohwa muPeruvia anogonawo kuwedzera huwandu hwehupenyu hwekupedzisira. Kuenzanisa kwekugadzirwa kwekotoni kwakave pachena kuitika muPeru, asi minda yakawanda yemuPeruvia inonzi Pima ichiri kukohwa ikotoni nemaoko. Kuisa maoko kunotungamirira kukusakwana kuduku muhudhu, kupa kunyange kunyoroka. Ihwowo unhu huri hukama hwehupenyu.
Kutenga Pima Cotton muPeru
Nhasi, Pima yePeru yePeru inokurudzirwa kunyanya kumaodzanyemba kwehombekombe dzemipata yePiura neChira, sezvave iko kwezviuru zvemakore.
Mamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro ezvinhu emuvhu pano ari akakwana, ane nguva yakakodzera yemvura nemvura yekudziya.
Pasinei nehutsika hunozivikanwa munyika yose yePeruvia Pima cotton, vatashanyi vedzimwe nyika vanogona kutenga (uye vane ruzivo rwakapfuura) rwemasuka kubva kuPerilids , zvakanyanya kunyanya alpaca uye vicuña. Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa neAlpaca wool zvinonyanya kufarirwa, zvichange zvichinyanya kuve zvekare - uye zvinonzwisisika kuti clichéd - chiyeuchidzo.
Chikamu chekusiyana uku mukududzirwa pamwe zvichida nekuda kwePeruvia yekushanyira maitiro. Vatashanyi vokune imwe nyika vanoenda kumaodzanyemba kwechitatu kwePeru, kune zvakakurumbira zvinofadza zvakadai seMachu Picchu , Cusco, Arequipa uye Nazca Lines . Zvichienzaniswa zvishomanana misoro pamwe nechekuchamhembe kwePeru , nzvimbo iyo Pima Peruvia inokura nayo.
Asi kana iwe uchienda kuchamhembe pamwe chete nepfuma yakawanda yemhenderekedzo yepamusoro pamusoro peLima, ramba uine ziso rakazarurirwa kwezvinhu zvePima cotton, kusanganisira T-shirts, magasi uye zvisingashamisi zvidzitiro zvevana. Chero bedzi paunowana mutengesi akavimbika (uye kwete mumwe munhu ari kuedza kutengesa kodhoni yakazara sePima), hutano huchave hwepamusoro uye mitengo yakawanda kupfuura inonzwisisika - iwe zvechokwadi haungatoweri zvinhu zvePima zvePeru Peru chaiyo paunowana kumba.
References:
- Stefano Yafa - Cotton: Biography yeRevolutionary Fiber , Penguin, 2005
- US International Trade Commission mushumo - Zvishandiso uye Apparel: Kuongorora kweKushinhira Kwevamwe Vatorwa Kune Dzimwe Nyika kune US Market Market , 2004
- Oxford Business Group - Mharidzo: Peru 2012
- PROTA4U - "Gossypium barbadense L."