Icho Chiko Chakanyungudutswa Chaicho paNorth Coast
Musanganiswa akasiyana-siyana wemadzinza akaumba mweya uye chimiro chaCleveland. Ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvinopa guta racho unhu hunofadza, kwete kureva marudzi ezvokudya zvemadzinza, vavakidzani, uye tsika. Hezvino tarisa maboka makuru akatsigira kuCleveland kuti chii nhasi. Kuti uwane zvakawanda pamusoro peCalveland yemadzinza, chengetedza Cleveland Memory Project.
01 ye17
The Poles
Vakashanyira kuCleveland vaPoland vakatanga kusvika pakati pezana remakore rechi19, vakagadzirwa nebasa mumagetsi ekugadzira (iron) pamwe chete neRwizi rwaCuyahoga nemafuta emvere. Pamwe chete neCzechs, vakagara munharaunda yakapoteredza Cuyahoga Valley, mune zvino yava kunzi Slavic Village neNewburgh Heights.
ChiPolish ichiri kutaurwa mumusasa weSlavic, uye zvivigiro zvezvokudya, zvakadai seVanos Roses Deli, vanotengesa masiji, pierogi, nezvimwe zvinhu zvePoland. Guta reSlavic Village rinopemberera nhaka yaro yoga weMeyi Masikati nemugoverwa uye imwe neimwe yeAugust paMutambo Wokukohwa. Chechi yeStanislaus, yakatangwa muna 1888, yakanga iri simba rekutanga pamharaunda iyi uye yakabatsira kutsigira vatsva.
02 of 17
The Italians
Vapoteri vokuItaly vakatanga kugadzirisa kuCleveland pakati pezana remakore rechi19, mune imwe nzvimbo yainzi-Big Italy iyo yakapoteredza Woodland uye East 30th Street. Vakawanda vevagari vomuItaly vepakutanga vaiva vaitengesa, vabiki, uye vatengesi. Zvishoma zvishoma zve "Big Italy," asi mabhizimisi akaita saGallucci naCalallano ave nemidzi yawo.
Mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19, boka rakasiyana reItaly rakagara munzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba kweEuclid, pedyo neMayfield, iyo ichiri kuzivikanwa seCittle Italy. Vakawanda vevatsva vainge vasvika vasvika mabwe ematombo avo vakagadzira matombo epaLake View Cemetery . Nhasi Little Italy iri kuchengetedza mweya wevaya vezera rekuAmerica.03 of 17
The Irish
VaIrish vaive rimwe remadzinza ekutanga kugara muCleveland, rakagadzirwa nemabasa akaitwa neOhio-Erie Canal uye Cleveland docks. Vokutanga vokuIrish vakagara muWhisky Island (inonzi Lorenzo Carter, kwete ivo vagari vatsva) mumavambo kusvika pakati pema1820s.
Sezvo basa pamvura yakasviba rakawanda, mazana evanhu vokuIrish vakabva kune yeEurope, vachigara pedyo neWest Side uye nepamusoro Mafashamo anhasi. St. Malachi, achiri parishisi yeIrish, ndiyo yaiva nzvimbo yepamusoro yevakidzani iyoyo.
Cleveland achiri kutora zviyeuchidzo zvizhinji zvevaya vaimbogara muzvinyorwa zvemaIrish akawanda, kupemberera kweSt. Patrick's Annual, uye vazhinji veIrish pubs.04 we17
The Germans
Vagari vokuGermany vekuchamhembe kweOhio Ohio vaibva kuEastern states, zvizvarwa zvevaya vakauya kuUnited States munguva yeAmerican Revolution.
Kuvakwa kweOhio-Erie Canal muma1830 kwakaburitsa chizvarwa cheGermany chekutanga, vazhinji vavo vakagara munzvimbo yeTrmont yanhasi, paLorain Street muBrooklyn, uye nepamusoro peSuperior neCentral yenzira kuEast Side. Vatambi vekuGermany vokutanga vaiva vashandi vezvigadzirwa zvemhizha, mabheji, jewelers, uye vanogadzira, pakati pemamwe mabasa.
Cleveland yemagariro eGermany akange aenda, asi guta reGermany rinogona kuonekwa kuMusika weHotsa kuLorain, pedyo neWest Side Market, uye kuZion UCC muTetmont.
05 of 17
The Slovenes
Munguva yakawanda yezana ramakore rechi20, Cleveland aiva nemunharaunda mukuru weSlovenia muUnited States. Yakagadzirirwa mabasa muzvipfeko zvesimbi, Slovenes yakatanga kusvika kusvika kuma1900, zvichigara munzvimbo yeNewburgh.
Mamwe mapoka eSlovenes aisanganisira nzvimbo yeSt. Clair Avenue (kubva kuEast 30th Street kuenda kuEast 79th Street.) Uye neCollinwood . Gare gare, vazhinji veSlovenia vakabva vakaenda kuEuclid, Ohio.
Vakuru veClevelanders vanozviti vanobva kuSlovenia vanobva vaisanganisira vekare veSen George Vinovinovich uye polka nyota Frankie Yankovic. Sangano duku reSlovenia rinoshanda asi richiri kuCleveland.
06 of 17
The Chinese
Cleveland's Chinese heritage inobva kune boka duku asi rakabatana reCantonese rakagadzirirwa pedyo nePublic Square muma1960. Vaya vagari vekuChina vepakutanga vaimbova varidzi vezvokudya nevashandi.
Sezvo kuguta kweCleveland kuchikura, dunhu iri rakaenda kumabvazuva, kutanga kunzvimbo dzakapoteredza East 55th Street uye Euclid Avenue uye muma1930 kusvika kuCleveland's Chinatown ( zvino yava Asiatown ), kwakapoteredza Rockwell uye East 24th Street.
Ma1970 nema1980 akaunza huwandu hwevaChinese vaiuya kune dzimwe nyika, vakange vakweverwa kuunivhesiti yeCleveland nemabasa muujiniki uye teknolojia.
Nhasi, Cleveland's Asiatown yakazadzwa neChinese-America-ine maresitorendi uye mabhuku ezvokudya zveChinese uye iri kuberekwa patsva senharaunda yekugara.
07 we17
ICzechs
ICzechs ndeimwe yevakuru uye yakakura yeCleveland yemadzinza. Ava vanobva kune dzimwe nyika, vakaumbwa neBohemians, Moravians, neSiriesians, vakatanga kusvika pakupera kwezana remakore rechi19. Pakutanga kweCzechs vakagara mune chikamu chemuvura mvura nhasi inonzi Flats.
Gare gare vasvika vakatamira mberi kubva kunze kweguta kwavaigona kuva nenzvimbo yekurima miriwo, kugadzikana nepamusoro pe Broadway neFleet Avenue uye pedyo neWest 41st Street uye Clark Avenue.
Nzvimbo mbiri idzi idzi dzichiri nesimba, vashoma vechiCzech-America. Chitendero cheCzech chinogona kuwanikwa pamachechi, akadai saSt. John Napomocene paFleet Avenue neKarllin Hall nhengo dzevanhu, uyewo muSlavic Village.08 we17
VaUkraine
Cleveland vokutanga vokuUkraine vaibva kune imwe nyika vakatanga kusvika munzvimbo iyi pakati pemakore ekuma1870, vachigara zvikuru munharaunda yeTrmont. Gare gare mafungu evakabva kune imwe nyika akauya kuCleveland pakati peHondo Yenyika I uye Hondo Yenyika II uye mushure mekuparadzwa kweSoviet Union. Vamwe vachangobva kutamira vakagadzira chikwata cheUukraine muParma, kumaodzanyemba kweCleveland.
Iyi nharaunda inoshanda ine mapurogiramu matatu eredhiyo uye mapepanhau matatu muUukraine uye neUukraine Museum paKenilworth Avenue muTrmont. Mamwe machechi emunharaunda anobata mabasa muchiKukraine; izvi zvinosanganisira Sts. Petro naPauro muTrmont neSt. Josaphat muParma.
09 of 17
VaHungari
Mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20, Cleveland aiva nehuwandu hweHungary kunze kweHungary. Kutanga muna 1870, vazhinji veHungary vakabva vatamira kuNortheast Ohio kuti vashande mune zvitsvaries uye mabhizimisi emagetsi achikura munzvimbo. Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzeHungary dzakagadzirwa, mbiri mbiri dzaive dzakapoteredza East 79th Street uye Woodland Avenue uye pamwe neBuckeye Road.
Zviitiko mushure meHondo Yenyika II uye 1956 Hungarian Revolution yakaunza mamwe mafungu evakabva kune dzimwe nyika.
Nhasi, Cleveland's Hungarian tsika inoonekwa pamunda weHungary muCleveland Cultural Gardens, kuHungary Heritage Museum, uye kune mitsamba yekudyira seBalaton pane Shaker Square (pakutanga paBuckeye Road).10 pa17
The African-American Community
Cleveland yakafa nhaka inenge yakwegura seguta racho pacharo. Mukuru weAfrica-America, George Peake, akasvika kuCleveland muna 1809, makore 13 chete Mosesi mushure mekunge Mosesi Cleaveland avaka guta racho muna 1796. Kubva panguva iyoyo vaCleveland veAfrica-America vagari vakaita basa rinokosha mukufambira kweguta racho. Dzinosanganisira Carl Stokes , musha wekutanga weguta reAfrica-America.
Vagari vemaCleveland vatsva vakapinda mumafungu maviri makuru, achiuya zvikuru kubva kuAmerica South. Nhamba yekutanga yakauya kubva muna 1890 kusvika muna 1915 ndokugara zvakanyanya neCentral Avenue, pakati peDowntown uye East 40th Street. Gare gare, pakati pa1940 na1960, rutivi rwechipiri rweAfrica-America rwakasvika, chikamu cheGreat Migration.
11 pa17
VaKorea
Nhamba duku yeCleveland yevakabva kuKorea yakatanga kusvika kumaodzanyemba kweOhio Ohio pakuguma kweHondo yeKorea muna 1953. Nhamba yakawanda yeKorea yakauya zvishoma nezvishoma muma 1970 nema1980. Vaya vatsva vainge vanga vari vadzidzi, vanachiremba, uye injini.
Sezvo Cleveland aibva kuKorea vashanyi vaisvika zvishoma nezvishoma, vakagara munzvimbo yose yeguta, panzvimbo mune imwe nzvimbo yepamunharaunda. Chitendero cheKorea chinoonekwa mumachechi matanhatu eKorea -America muguta, kusanganisira St. Andrew Kim Korean Catholic Church muTrmont.
12 pa17
VaCroatia
Croatia ndiyo iri kumaodzanyemba kweSlavic nzvimbo yeEurope, nzvimbo inotambudza, kunyanya muzana remakore rechi20. Panguva yekuverengwa kwema1990, Cleveland yakave nevechina rekuCroatia yenharaunda muUnited States Ava vatorwa vakatanga kusvika muma1860, vachigadzikana neServenes dzakapoteredza St. Clair Avenue, kubva kuEast Ninth kusvika East 79th street. Vazhinji vekutanga vokuCroatia vakanga vasiri vashandi vasina ruzivo vakawana mabasa mune zvigadzirwa zvesimbi uye mabhizimisi.
Imwe nguva yakawanda yevechidiki, nyanzvi yepamusoro yeCroatia yakauya mushure meHondo Yenyika II, ichitiza kutonga kweCommunist Yugoslavia.
Nhasi, chiCroatia tsika inoonekwa pane ichangobva kuvakwa yeKroatia National Home muEstlake nemachechi, saStan Nicholas, pa Superior Avenue.
13 pa17
VaGiriki
Cleveland's Greek community is a small but well-knit community. Vapoteri vokuGreece vakatanga kusvika kuCleveland muma1880, vachigara pedyo neBolivar neOntario nzvimbo munzvimbo inonzi Gateway.
Gare gare vasvika mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 vakagara muTetmont ndokuvaka Chechi yeAn Annunciation, iyo ichiri kubudirira nhasi.
Vakawanda vekuGreece vainge vabva kune dzimwe nyika vakava vadzidzisi vemabhizimisi mashomanana, vachizarura matengesi efivha, zvivako zvekudya, uye mabiko maduku. Nhamba huru yezvivako izvi inenge iine yevaya vanobva muchiGiriki.
14 pa17
The Lithuanians
Sezvo nedzimwe nyika dzeEastern Europe dzakasiyana-siyana, boka rekutanga reLithuania vanobva kune dzimwe nyika rakasvika muNortheast Ohio muma1900 ekupedzisira, rakagadzirwa nemabasa mukunyika. Vaya vasvika pakutanga vakagara pedyo neSt. Clair Avenue, kubva Rockwell kuenda kuEast 71st Street. Paruwa yavo, St. George's Lithuanian Church kuEast 67th Street uye Superior Avenue, yakatangwa muna 1895 uye ichiripo chaizvo.
Mhepo yechipiri yeLithuanian vapoteri yakasvika kuCleveland pakupera kweHondo Yenyika II sezvo Soviet Union yakatora nyika yavo. Ava vasvika vakagadzira dunhu rakapoteredza East 185th St
Nhasi, chiLithuanian tsika inogona kuwanika gore negore E. 185th Street Festival uye muLithuanian collection ku Kent State University.
15 pa17
The Puerto Ricans
Vanhu vokuPuerto Rican vanoita vazhinji, vanenge 85 kubva muzana, yeCleveland yekuSpain. Boka iri rakatanga kusvika kuNorth Coast kubvira muna 1945 uye kuenderera mberi kwakaramba kuripo kusvikira muna 1965; ivo vakanyoreswa kushanda mumahofisi emunharaunda uye matoro. Vakatanga kusvika vakagara kuCleveland kumabvazuva, pedyo neHough, Lexington, uye Superior nzvimbo.
Mukupera kwema1950, musha weCleveland wePuerto Rican wakatamira kune iri pedyo nechekumadokero kweguta, pedyo neWest Fifth kusvika kuWest 65th yemigwagwa, pakati peDetroit Road neClark Avenue. Nhamba huru yevaya vanobva kuPuerto Rican vachiri kudana nzvimbo iyi kumba.
Nhasi, tsika yeCleveland yaPuerto Rican inogona kuwanikwa mune dzakawanda zvezvitoro zvekuAsia zvinosvika kumadokero nePuerto Rican mutambo, unoitwa musi weAugust.
16 pa17
The Vietnamese
Cleveland vanopfuura 2 000 vagari vemuVietnam vakatanga kusvika kumadokero kweOhio Ohio mushure mekuwa kweSaigon musi waApril 30, 1975, chiitiko chakaratidza kuwirirana kweVietnam uye kuguma kwehurumende yeSouth Vietnam. Vazhinji vevakabva kune dzimwe nyika vakagara muDetroit / Shoreway, pamwe naMadison, Franklin, uye Detroit avenues.
Nhasi, Cleveland's Vietnamese heritage inogona kuonekwa kuChechi yeSt. Stephen's kuWest 54th Street, pagore reTet rehemberero munaFebruary, uye mune dzakawanda zvekudya zveVietnam muguta iri, kusanganisira # 1 Pho.
17 pa17
MuArabic-America Community
Vakabva kune imwe nyika vanobva kuMiddle East vakatanga kusvika kuCleveland kare muna 1895, vazhinji vakapukunyuka mumhirizhonga munharaunda iyo yakatungamirira kuHondo Yenyika I. Vakawanda vekutanga vaArab vaigara kubva kuGreater Syria (nyika yaisanganisira nhasi reLebhanoni) uye, zvakasiyana zvizhinji zvenyika yeArabhu, vaiva vaKristu. Ava vatorwa vakagara pedo neBolivar Avenue mudhorobha reCleveland uye kuTrmont.
Rwendo rwechipiri rwevakabva kuArabhu rwakasvika kuCleveland mushure mekugadzwa kweIsrael muna 1948, uye avo vaibva kune dzimwe nyika vainyanya kubuda muPalestine.
Nhasi, guta reArabhu renyika rinogona kuonekwa mumisika yakapoteredza West Side Market uye mumachechi, kunyanya St. Maron's paCarnegie uye St. George Antiochian Orthodox Church muTetmont.