Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) ndiyo nyika yechipiri yakakura muAfrica (ikozvino kuti Sudan inoparadzaniswa) uye inotonga Central Africa zvose mune zvehupfumi uye tsika. Ivematongerwe enyika ayo ave achinyanyisa kubva munguva dzekoloni, uye kumabvazuva, kunyanya, zvakasiyana-siyana zvekupandukira kwakaita kuti chikamu ichocho che nyika chisanyatsogadzikana kusvikira nhasi. Izvi zvinosuruvarisa kune vashanyi vachitarisa kuti vaende kuRDC kuti vaone chimwe chezvikwangwani zvayo zvikuru - iyo Gomo reGomo risingawanzoitiki, rinogara muMirunga Mountains.
Nhoroondo yeDDC yehondo yevagari vemo yakaita kuti zvive nyore kuti rudzi rwacho rukwekwe kunze kwevatengesi, pamwe chete nevashanyi.
Mashoko Akatsva NezveDemocratic Republic of Congo
Iyo DRC iri muCentral Africa. Inoparadzanisa Central Central Republic neSouth Sudan kuchamhembe; Uganda , Rwanda , uye Burundi kumabvazuva; Zambia neAngola kumaodzanyemba; Republic of the Congo, neAngolan exclave yeKabinda, uye Atlantic Ocean kumavirira. Nyika ine ruzivo rwegungwa kuburikidza nemakiromita makumi mana (25 mi) kutambanudzwa kweAtlantic kugungwa muMuanda uye inenge 9 km paukuru muromo weRwizi rwaCongo inotanga kupinda muGulf yeGuinea.
DRC ndiyo nyika yechipiri yeAfrica uye inosvika zviyero 2,344 858 sq. Km, iyo inoita kuti zvive zvishoma kudarika Mexico uye inenge yechina chikamu cheAmerica. Guta guru ndiro Kinshasa. Vanenge mamiriyoni makumi manomwe evanhu vanogara muRDC. Vane mimwe mitauro yakawanda: French (official), Lingala (mutauro we lingua franca mutauro), Kingwana (mutauro weChirungu kana ChiSwahili), Kikongo, uye Tshiluba.
Inenge 50% yevagari vechechi yeKaturike, 20% maPurotesitendi, 10% ndeyeKimbanguist, 10% ndeyeMuslim, uye 10% imwe (inosanganisira syncretic sezvikamu uye zvezvitendero zvevanhu).
Iyo DRC inowanzonakidzwa nemamiriro ekunze anotonhora. Inogona kupisa zvikuru uye inonaya mumvura ye equatorial mumvura, uye inowonhorera uye inonyura mumakomo ekumaodzanyemba.
Inotonhora uye inonaya kumabvazuva kumakomo. Nechokumusoro kweEquator mamiriro okunze emvura eDDC anosvika pakati paApril kusvika Oktober, nemwaka wakaoma December kusvika February. South South Equator, nguva yemvura yeDDC inotanga kubva munaNovember kusvika muna March, pamwe nemwaka wakaoma kubva munaEpril kusvika kuOctober. Nguva yakanakisisa yekushanyira DRC ndiyo apo nzvimbo yacho ine rugare uye kana mamiriro ekunze akaoma. Iko mari ndiyo Congolese franc (CDF).
DRC Zviitiko Zvikuru
Gomo reGomo reGorilla riri kuVirunga rinodhura kupfuura raRwanda neUganda rakavakidzana. Zvisinei, iwe unofanirwa kunge uchikwanisa kufanana nezvinoitwa nevapanduki munzvimbo ino. Tarisa hukuru hwakanaka hweVirunga Park webasaiti yehuwandu hwemashoko ezvino uye uverenge zvose pamusoro peRangers uye zvavanoita kudzivirira gorilla. Chimpanzee maitiro anokwanisawo ku Virunga.
Nyiragongo, imwe yenzvimbo dzakanakisa uye dzakaputika mhiri kwepasi, ndeye shatovolcano huru. Mhando iyi, iyo inozivikanwawo se-composite cone, ndiyo inonyanya kunakidza yezvipembenene zvinoputika uye zvinyoro zvitsuwa zvishoma zvishoma zvinomuka zvakaswedera pedyo nechokumusoro, uye zvinoputsa kuratidza kusvuta kwemvura. Nzendo dzinogona kurongeka kuburikidza nekukwanisa kuburikidza nesero yevakashanyi vaVirunga. Ndiyo combo huru ine gorilla yemakomo.
Lowland Gorilla Tracking, muKahuzi-Biega National Park - kutevera goridhi risinganzwisisiki kumakomo echero gorilla ndiyo inonyanya kukokwe yepaki iyi yakanaka yenyika.
Ndapota verenga bhajiki yepaki kuti ugare wakanyatsoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu aripo mupaki asati agadzirira rwendo rwako. Nhasi kusvika kuDecember ndiyo nguva yakanakisisa yekuona gorilla dzepasi-pasi sezvavanowanzogara mumapoka emhuri munguva ino.
Kurwisana neRwizi rwaCongo chinhu chinoshamisa chechiitiko, asi zvirokwazvo chinonyatsokodzera kune avo vane mweya unofadza.
Kufamba kuRDC
DRC's International Airport: Inonzi N'Djili International Airport muKinshasa inoshandiswa nemakambani akasiyana-siyana emafambisi akadai: Air France, Brussels Airlines, Royal Air Maroc, South African Airways, Ethiopian Airlines uye Turkish Airlines.
Kusvika kuDrC: Vakawanda vanobva kune dzimwe nyika vanouya kune NeDjili airport (ona pamusoro). Asi kuyambuka kumiganhu kwenyika kwakawanda. Kana uchida kuenda Gorilla kutevera muganhu pakati peRwanda uye DRC yakazaruka, uye Safari reps ichasangana newe mhiri kweruzhinji.
Muganhu weZambia neUganda unowanzosvinudzwa. Tarisa nevakuru vekune dzimwe nyika maererano neganhu neSudan, Tanzania, neCAR - sezvo izvi zvakavharwa munguva yakapfuura nekuda kwekupesana kwezvematongerwe enyika.
Embassies / Visas yeDCC: Vatashanyi vose vanopinda muRDC vachada visa. Tarisa nehurumende yemunharaunda yeDCC munyika yako, Fomu iyi inogonawo kuwanikwa pano.
DRC's Economy
Pfuma yeDemocratic Republic of the Congo - rudzi rwakapiwa simba rakakura rehupfumi - ruchidzoka zvishoma nezvishoma mushure memakore makumi emakore ekuderera. Hurongwa hwehuori kubva pakusununguka muna 1960, pamwe chete nekusagadzikana kwenyika yose uye kukakavadzana kwakatanga pakati pemakore makumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu kwakaparadzanisa zvakanyanya nyika nyika uye mari yehurumende nekuwedzera chikwereti chekunze. Nekugadzwa kwehurumende yehupfumi muna 2003 mushure mekunge rugare ruchibvumirana, zvishoma nezvishoma hupfumi hwakatanga kuvandudza sezvo hurumende yepakati penyika yakavhurazve hukama nehurumende dzepasi rose uye vabatsiri venyika, uye Mutungamiriri KABILA akatanga kushandura kuchinja. Kufambira mberi kwave kunonoka kusvika kune mukati memunyika asi kunyatsochinja kunoonekwa muKinshasa neLubumbashi. Nzira isina chokwadi yemutemo, uori, uye kusava nehutano muhutungamiri hwehurumende ndezvematambudziko kwenguva refu emigodhi yemigodhi uye yezvemari yakazara.
Zvinhu zvakawanda zvezvehupfumi zvichiri kuitika munharaunda isina kujaira uye hazviratidziki muDP data. Basa rinowedzerazve mumigodhi yemigodhi, iyo inobva kune yakawanda inowanikwa kunze kwenyika, yakasimbisa hurumende yeKinshasa yehupfumi uye kukura kweGDP mumakore achangopfuura. Kuderera kwepasi rose kwakaderedza hupfumi huri muna 2009 kusvika kune hafu yehafu yenyika ya2008, asi kukura kwakadzokera kune inenge 7% pagore muna 2010-12. Sangano reRCC rakasaina Chirwere Chekudzivirira uye Chikwata Chekuwedzera neImF muna 2009 uye rakagamuchira $ 12 biliyoni mune zvekubhadhara chikwereti nemamwe marudzi muna 2010, asi IMF pakupera kwegore ra2012 yakamisa mitatu yekupedzisira pasi pekubhadhara chikwereti - inokwana $ 240 mamiriyoni - nokuti zvekunetseka pamusoro pekushayikwa kwekusajeka mune zvibvumirano zvemigodhi. Muna 2012, DRC yakaruramisa mitemo yebhizimisi yayo nekuteerera OHADA, iyo Sangano Rokubatanidza Bhizimisi reMabhizimisi muAfrica. Nyika yacho yakaratidza gore rechigumi rinopfurikidza rekuwedzera kwehupfumi muna 2012.
Nhoroondo dzezvematongerwo enyika
Yakasimbiswa seBelgium colony muna 1908, iyo iyo-Republic of the Congo yakawana rusununguko muna 1960, asi makore ayo okutanga yakashatiswa nehupfumi hwezvematongerwe enyika uye zvemagariro. Col. Joseph MOBUTU akabata simba uye akazviti iye mutungamiriri wehurumende muna November 1965. Akazoshandura zita rake - kuenda kuMobutu Sese Seko - pamwe neyo nyika - kuenda Zaire. Mobutu akachengetedza nzvimbo yake kwemakore makumi matatu nemaviri kuburikidza nemasarudzo akawanda emashure, uyewo kuburikidza nechisimba chakasimba. Kurwisana kwemarudzi uye hondo yevagari vemo, yakagumburwa nekuputika kwevapoteri muna 1994 kubva mukurwisana muRwanda neBurundi, zvakatungamirira muna May 1997 kubviswa kwehurumende yeMOBUTU nekupanduka kwakatsigirwa neRwanda neUganda uye yakatarisana naLaurent Kabila. Akatumidza nyika Demo reDemocratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), asi muna August 1998 hurumende yake yakazvimiririra kupesana nechipiri chekumukazve kwakatsigirwa neRwanda neUganda. Mapoka eAngola, Chad, Namibia, Sudan, uye Zimbabwe vakapindira kutsigira hurumende yaKabila. MunaJanuary 2001, Kabila akaurayiwa uye mwanakomana wake, Joseph Kabila, akatumidzwa mukuru wehurumende.
Muna Gumiguru 2002, mutungamiri mutsva akabudirira mukukurukurirana kubviswa kwemaRwanda aive kumabvazuva kweDCC; mwedzi miviri gare gare, Chibvumirano chePitoli chakasayirwa nemapoka ose akamborwisana kuti apedze hondo uye agadze hurumende yekubatana kwenyika. Hurumende yekutendeuka yakagadzwa muna July 2003; iyo yakave nehutano hwakanaka hwomubvumirano wenyika munaDecember 2005 uye sarudzo dzehurumende, Dare reNyika, uye sangano rezvematongerwe enyika rakaitwa muna 2006. Muna 2009, mushure mokudzokazve kwehondo kumabvazuva kweRDC, hurumende yakasaina chibvumirano cherugare neNational Congress Kutsigira Kwevanhu (CNDP), boka guru revaTutsi vakapandukira. Chiedza chekubatanidza nhengo dzeNCDP muuto reCongo dzakakundikana, zvichiita kuti varege kupomerwa muna 2012 uye kuumbwa kwemauto eArmed Forces - anonzi mushure mekuvamba 23 March 2009 zvibvumirano zvehukama. Kurwisana kunokonzera kukanganisa kunotungamirira kumasasa ekuwanda kwevanhu uye kukanganisa kwekodzero dzevanhu.
Kubva munaFebruary 2013, hurukuro dzehurukuro pakati pehurumende yeCongo neBurumende dzakanga dzichienderera mberi. Mukuwedzera, DRC inoramba ichiona hutsinye hunoitwa nemamwe mauto akazvigadzirira kusanganisira Demo Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda uye Mai Mai mapoka. Mukusarudzwa kwemazuva ano kwehurumende, yakagadzirirwa munaNovember 2011, zvikakavhiringidzika zvakagumuchirwa kuti Joseph Kabila adzoserwe zvakare kumutungamiri wenyika.