Chiratidzo chehupenyu pamapani eAfrica, giant baobab ndeyerudzi rweAdansonia , boka remiti rine mapfumbamwe akasiyana siyana. Mhando mbiri chete, Adansonia digitata uye Andansionia kilima , inowanikwa kunyika yeAfrica, asi vatanhatu vehama dzavo vanowanikwa kuMadagascar uye imwe muAustralia. Kunyange zvazvo iyo baobab isiri duku, muti wacho pachawo wakasiyana chaizvo.
Iyi ndiyo nyanzvi yemusango weAfrica, giant giant giya rinoputika pamusoro pemagacia scrubland ichivhara matavi ayo eMedusa-akafanana nepamusoro pomuviri unobhururuka.
Inogona kunge isingave yakareba seyogungwa, asi huwandu hwayo hunoita kuti ive nharo yakasimba yemuti mukuru wepasi. Adansonia digitata inogona kusvika 82 mamita / 25 mamita pakureba, uye mamita makumi mana / 14 mamita pakureba.
Baobabs inowanzonzi miti yakasvibiswa, zvichienderana nekuonekwa kwemukati-kufanana nematavi avo akatsemwa. Vanowanikwa munyika yose yeAfrica, kunyange zvazvo mararamiro avo akakosha kuburikidza nekuda kwavo kudonha, kutonhora kunotyisa. Vakatarirwa kune dzimwe nyika zvakare, uye zvino vanogona kuwanika munyika dzakadai seIndia, China neOman. Baobabs ikozvino inozivikanwa kudarika makore 1 500.
The Sunland Baobab
Iyo yakawanda zvikuru yeAdansonia digitata baobab iripo inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo Sunland Baobab, iri muModjadjiskloof, Limpopo Province . Iyi inofadza inofanirwa kuve yakakwirira mamita makumi matanhatu / mamita 19, uye yakaita mamita 34.9 mamita / 10.6 mamita. Panzvimbo yayo yakakura kupfuura dzose, trandi reSunland Baobab ine mhiri we 109.5 mamita / 33.4 mamita.
Muti wakanga uine nguva yakawanda yekuwana zvinyorwa-kuparadzanisa upamhi, neka carbon-dating achichipa makore akaenzana emakore anenge 1 700. Pashure pokusvika makore 1 000, mabababs anotanga kuva asina mukati, uye vadzidzisi veSalland Baobab vakaita zvakanyanya zvechimiro chechimiro kuburikidza nekugadzira bhari newaini yepini mukati maro.
Muti Woupenyu
Iyo baobab ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvinobatsira, inotsanangura nei ichizivikanwa zvikuru seMuti weupenyu. Inofanana nechinotyisa chinotyisa uye kusvika kusvika ku80% yemutumbi ndiyo mvura. Sani bushmen vaishandiswa kuvimba pamiti semudziro unokosha wemvura apo mvura inokundikana uye nzizi dzakaoma. Muti mumwe chete unogona kuchengetedza kusvika 4 500 malita (1,189 galoni), asi nzvimbo yakadzika yemuti wakare inogona kupawo nzvimbo yekugara yakakosha.
Iyo bark nenyama yakanyorova, yakasvibiswa uye inopisa moto uye inogona kushandiswa kupeta tambo nejira. Baobab products zvinoshandiswawo kugadzira sese, rubber uye glue; apo bark nemashizha zvinoshandiswa mumishonga yemagariro. The baobab is life-giver for the wildlife of Africa, too, often creates its own ecosystems. Inopa zvokudya uye pokugara kwezvizhinji zvezvipenyu, kubva kune zviduku zvakanyanya kusvika kune nzara huru yeAfrica.
Chimwe Chine Zvibereko Zvemazuva Ano
Mbeu yeBaobab yakafanana nevelvet-yakafukidzwa, yakareba yakareba uye yakazadzwa nemhando dzakawanda dzemavara dzakakomberedzwa nechetart, zvishoma zvishoma. VaAfrica vemuAfrica vanowanzotaurira baobab semhuka-chingwa-muti, uye vanoziva nezvehutano hunobatsira kudya michero uye mashizha kwemazana emakore. Mashizha mashomanana anogona kubikwa uye kudyiwa seimwe nzira kune sipinashi, asi chibereko chemasvini chinowanzosvibiswa, ndokubatanidzwa mukunwa.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, nyika yenyika dzekuMadokero yakarumbidza chibereko chesabab semuchero wepamusoro-soro, zvichienderana nekukwirira kwayo kwe calcium, iron, potasium uye Vitamin C. Mimwe mishumo inotaura kuti chibereko chezvibereko chinenge kakapetwa kagumi kweVitamin C sechinhu chakafanana hwemangwanani matsva. Iine 50% mamwe calcium kupfuura sipinashi, uye inokurudzirwa kweganda elasticity, kuora kurasikirwa nekuvandudzwa kwehutano hwemwoyo.
Baobab Legends
Kune dzakawanda nyaya uye tsika dzakapoteredza baobab. Pakati peRwizi rweZambezi , madzinza mazhinji anotenda kuti baobab kamwechete yakakura, asi yakazviona yakanaka kwazvo kupfuura miti miduku yakapoteredza iyo pakupedzisira vanamwari vakasarudza kudzidzisa baobab chidzidzo. Vakadzura uye vakadyara pasi, kuitira kuti vadzivise kuzvikudza kwayo uye kudzidzisa mutemo kuzvininipisa.
Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, miti chaiyo ine nyaya dzakabatanidzwa kwavari. Kafue National Park yeZambia inosvika kune imwe nzvimbo yakakura, iyo vagari vemo vanoziva seKondanamwali (muti unodya mhandara). Maererano nenyaya, muti wacho wakadanana nevasikana vana vemo, avo vakaramba muti uye vakatsvaga varume. Mukuzvitsiva, muti wacho wakakwezva vasikana mukati mawo mukati uye wakaichengeta ikoko nokusingaperi.
Kune imwe nzvimbo, zvinofanirwa kuti kushambidza mukomana muduku mumuti umo baobab bark inowedzerwa kumubatsira kuti akure akasimba uye akareba; asi vamwe vanochengeta tsika dzekuti vakadzi vanogara munzvimbo yebabab vangangodaro vari kukura kupfuura avo vanogara munzvimbo isina avobabs. Munzvimbo dzakawanda, miti inogara ichitsuwa inozivikanwa sechiratidzo chemunharaunda, uye nzvimbo yekuunganidza.
Mutemo weBaobab ndorudzi rwekuSouth Africa ruremekedzo rwenyika, rwakagadzwa muna 2002. Rwakapiwa gore negore nemutungamiri weSouth Africa kune vagari venyika kuti vaone basa rinokosha mumiganhu yebhizimisi uye yezvepfumi; sayenzi, mishonga, uye teknolojia innovation; kana basa remunharaunda. Yakatumidzwa mukucherechedza kutsungirira kwevanao, uye tsika yaro netsika dzakasikwa.
Nyaya iyi yakarongedzwa naJessica Macdonald musi waAugust 16, 2016.