Zvimwe zveIrish Literary Gems Zvichakuchengetedza Mukai muRonguva, Nemausi Mavara
Sezvaungangodaro uchiziva, Halloween inonyanya kushandiswa kweIrish ... zvakanaka, yemhando zvishoma, sezvo mavambo emhemberero ye spooktacular inogona kuwanikwa muCelttic Samhain . Asi iwe waiziva here kuti mumwe muIrishman akapa chimwe chezvinhu zveHalloween zvinokosha, zvingave zvakaita sefirimu kana kuti sejasi? Zvechokwadi, isu tiri kutaura nezve Count Count Dracula.
Saka, kuti uwane iwe muHalloween (kana Samhain) mafungiro, angave muIreland kana kuIndia, unogona kuita zvakanyanya kudarika kutungamira kuraibhurari yako yekune imwe nyika nekuongorora dzimwe nyaya dzeIrish dzekutya.
Heano mamwe mazano, akazara nehutano kune imwe nzvimbo yepaIndaneti archive yezvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvakarongerwa kana kurota nevanonzi vanyori veIrish. Ngatitorei Gothic yepungu!
Maturin's Melmoth - A Heavyweight
Charles Robert Maturin (1782 kusvika muna 1824) aiva nebasa mberi kwake semufundisi, akagadzwa muChechi yeIreland. Mabasa ake ezvakaitika kune dzimwe nyika, zvisinei, akabhadhara kune chero hukuru hunobudirira muhutungamiri hwechechi. Akatanga basa rechipiri semunyori weGothic nemitambo, zvinyorwa pasi pepseudonym. Apo maziviro echokwadi ezvo munyori akazozivikanwa, Chechi yeIreland haina kushamiswa uye yakanyongedzwa naMaturin kuti aome. Basa rake rakanyatsozivikanwa rakauya munguva pfupi muupenyu (kunyange zvazvo zvinoreva kuti iyi yekupedzisira yakanga isiri kwenguva refu) - iyo inoputika "Melmoth the Wanderer".
"Melmoth Wanderer" yakanga iri yaMaturin inonyanya kupararira (panguva uye nzvimbo) gothic inovhurwa uye yakabudiswa muna 1820. "Gamba" romunyori, Melmoth, nyanzvi yakaita chinhu chakakurumbira chekutengesa mweya wake kuna dhiyabhorosi. Mukutsinhanisa nemakore ekuwedzera makumi emakore ehupenyu huri nyore.Ipapo anoenda, sezvaainge ari nguva yake, achitsvaga nyika kuti mumwe munhu atore chibvumirano chaSatani kwaari.
Kuramba kwake hupenyu kwakafananidzwa ne "Wandering Jew", asi iwe unogona kuona Faust uye ETA Hoffmann " Elixiere des Teufels " sekusiyana kwechinyorwa chimwechete.
Iyo inoverengeka ndeyezvinyorwa zvezvinyorwa zvine nheyo mune dzimwe nyaya, zvichipa muverengi i (pazvinhu zvisingavimbiki) nhoroondo yehupenyu hwaMelmoth.
Pano pane mamwe maitiro ehupfumi pamusoro peBritish (kunyanya Chirungu) sangano munzvimbo yekutanga yezana remakore rechi19. Uye kune rimwewo rinotyisa rinokuvadza pamuromo apo rinosvika kuChechi yeRoma-Katurike, zvichipesana neruponeso runowanikwa muPurotesitendi. Vaverengi vemazuva ano vangave vachirwisana nevevelini ... asi zvakakodzera kuedza.
Iwe unogona kuwana chizere chakakwana cheMaturin cha "Melmoth the Wanderer" nekutevera iyi link.
Kuedza Kuverenga - St John D. Seymour's Collections
St John D. Seymour zvakare aiva mufundisi wePurotesitendi, asi kusiyana naMaturin akanga ari mukuru wevatori, uye antiquarian. Makorokota ake ekupedzisira aVa Victori pamisoro yepamusoro-soro yakanakisisa kune dzimwe nguva kupindira munyaya yacho, nguva yekurara ichiverenga kuti ipedzwe nokuvhenekera kwekenduru inobhururuka ... Ndinokurudzira kutarisa mutauro wake paIrish Witchcraft uye Demonology, iyo inosanganisirawo vazhinji tsanangudzo pamusoro pematambudziko nematambudziko aDame Alice Kyteler. Uye nokuda kwezvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana, unogona kuedza yeE True Irish Ghost Stories yakagadzirwa naSeymour, yekare yaive yakadaro.
Sheridan Le Fanu - Kusanganisa Chokwadi uye Fiction
Joseph Thomas Sheridan Le Fanu (1814 kusvika 1873) aiva, zvichida, munyori weIreland akabudirira zvikuru wezvinyorwa zveGothic uye zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki (zvizhinji zvekupedzisira ndezvakakosha munhoroondo yezvakaipa zvenhema).
Kazhinji aionekwa somumwe wevanyori vakakurumbira vemweya munguva yezana remakore rechi19, akaita basa rinokosha pakudzika kwemaitiro. Zvakare, kune Chechi yeIreland, sezvo baba vaLe Fanu vaiva mufundisi muWest Dublin. Vose Phoenix Park uye mutaundi unoyevedza weChapelizod uri munyaya dzeLe Fanu.
Shoko rekuchenjerera - Sheridan Le Fanu akaedza kurongedza pakati pekugadzirwa nekuunganidza. Mimwe yemashoko ake akaumbwa, mamwe anopiwa kune muverengi se "nyaya dzomunharaunda". Mumwe haatombonyatsozivi kuti mapepa anoguma sei uye inhema inotanga ... tarisa nyaya dzakawanda dzeSheridan Le Fanu nenyaya mumusangano wakazosvika kuburikidza nekubatanidza.
Big Daddy - Bram Stoker
Abhurahamu (anonyanya kuzivikanwa se "Bram") Stoker (1847 kusvika muna 1912) akauyawo kubva kune imwe mhuri yeChechi yeIreland yainamata, aifarira dzidzo yega yega kuchikoro chechitendero, akadzidza mutemo, asi akazozivikanwa sevose mubatsiri weVictorian star actor Henry Irving, uye maneja webhizimisi weIriving's Lyceum Theatre muLondon.
Mune nguva yake yekusarura, akanyora mukunyora nyaya shomanana uye manyozha ...
Muna 1897 akabudisa "Dracula" pamusoro penyika yeVictorian - bhuku reGothic horror iro rinotora muverengi kuburikidza nehafu yeEurope munguva yakatarwa ( "... denn die Toten reiten schnell!" ) Uye inotaura nezvekuunganidza tsamba, diary zvinyorwa nezvimwewo zvakadaro, nemurondedzeri anogara achichinja. Iko, chaizvoizvo, ichiri kuverengwa nhasi ... zvinopfuura kuvhiringidza "Melmoth".
Bram Stoker's "Dracula" inokanganisa maitiro uye inobata pamhando dzakawanda dzinyorwa-kutanga neGothic inovhurwa, sub-genre vampire mabhuku, general horror fiction, uye "invading literature", nzira yeBritish yokupa xenophobia izwi. Ichowo chiito chekuita zvinhu. Vampires haisi Stoker's inventory, uye kusarudza kwake kuita Vlad the Impaler hero ye undead ingadai yakange iri yakawanda kana kuti zvishoma, asi ino ino ndeyechokwadi yakave yakanyanya kufadza pamusoro pemhando.
Nekuverenga kwakanaka, kwenguva refu, shandisa Bram Stoker "Dracula" nekutevera iyi link.
Nenzira, nenzira yakashata Dracula akauya kumba muna 2014, apo firimu "Dracula Untold" yakatorwa muNorth Ireland ... sei CGI-yakasimudzirwa Giant's Causeway yaifanira kumira mumakomo eCarpathian inogona kubhadharazve kune mutero zvinokurudzira kupfuura kufunga.
Chiedza cheRubatsiro naOscar Wilde
Munyori weIrish uye mudetembi Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (1854 kusvika muna 1900) haafaniri kutaurirwa, uye "Mufananidzo weDorian Grey" kazhinji anoonekwa seyinyorwa inotyisa ... asi pamusoro peHalloween Ndinoda kupa imwe nyaya inobata iro rinoshamisa. "The Canterville Ghost" inyaya pfupi yakange iine (yakawanda kana isiri yabudirira, ndinosarudza yepakutanga nokuda kwekuita) yakashandurwa kuitira chinyorwa uye nhanho. Iro chaiyo yaiva nyaya yaWilde yekutanga kubudiswa, mu "Dare neSocial Review" munaFebruary 1887.
Nhau yacho iri nyore - Imba yekare yeChirungu, inonzi Canterville Chase, yakasimwa seye archetypal haunted house, yakazara neGothic pakisanganisira kushandiswa kwekuvhara, bhaibhurari rakasungirirwa mu black oak, zvombo mumugwagwa, zvisikwa pasiboards, maketani emaketani, uye humwe uprofita hwekare kuenda nezvose izvi.
Mukuuya kwevanhu vekuAmerica vekuAmerica vanofungidzira ... mhuri yeOtis, yakazadzwa nekunakidzwa kusinganzwisisiki, kuzvikudza kusingaverengeki, nekutenda kusingaverengeki mune zvikomborero zvemazuva ano ... uye zvekupararira kwekutengesa. Zvechokwadi, izvi zvinopesana nemitemo yeBritish. Uye zvirokwazvo zvirokwazvo nemweya weCanterville ...
Kuti zvinakidze Irish Halloween iverengwe, hapana chinogona kuva nani pane Oscar Wilde "Canterville Ghost", yakawanikwa pasi pekubatanidza.