Faberge Egg History uye Tsika
Faberge mazai chinhu chinoenderana netsika dzeRussia uye nhau dzakashamisa nyika, zvakadai sekunyora zvipfeko uye zvimwe zviitiko zveRussia. Kuratidzwa kwavo kweumhizha, kukoshesa, uye kuwanikwa kunowedzera zvakavanzika uye rudo rwemhando dzakapoteredza. Asi nei vakasikwa, chii nhau yavo, uye kupi kune vashanyi kuRussia vanovaona iye zvino?
Kutangira muTsika
Mitemo yeEastern Europe yakagara ichiona zviratidzo muzai, uye mazai eIsita akamira zvose zvechihedheni uye zvechiKristu kwemazana emakore.
Vanhu vekare vasiri chiKristu vakashongedza mazai vachishandisa dema chaiwo, uye nhasi nyika imwe neimwe (uye chaizvoizvo, imwe nharaunda) ine maitiro ayo pachayo uye yakagadzirirwa maitiro akakura kubva kumarudzi mazhinji emhuri achigadzira mazai kuti akudze chitendero chavo, aripo sezvipo, kuumba rombo rakanaka uye zvinhu zvinodzivirira, kufanotaura remangwana, uye kubvado mumwe nomumwe mumakwikwi. Russia Isitare tsika dzinoshevedzawo kurongedza uye kupa mazai mazai ezororo rinokosha.
First Faberge Majeki
Icho chakanga chiri kunze kweiyo nguva refu yakamira tsika yakawanda kuti pfungwa yeF Faberge mazai akaberekwa. Zvechokwadi, madzimambo eRussia aizivikanwa nokuda kwekushandiswa kwayo kwakashata uye rudo rwehupfumi, saka saka mazai eIsita yekutonga kwakanaka aifanira kuva akaisvonaka, anodhura, uye inoverengeka. Mutsara weRussia naMambo Alexander III ndiye wokutanga kugovera kugadzirwa kwemaawa eIsita chaiwo muna 1885, iyo yakaendeswa kumudzimai wake. Iyi yei yaive Hen Hen, iyo yai eamel yakagadzirwa neayakaki iyo, iyo yakazova nekoko ine zvikamu zvinofambisa.
Ikoko yaiva nezvimwe zvinoshamisa zviviri (korona duku uye ruby-yakarasika zvino).
Yaiva musangano waPeter Carl Faberge uyo akaita yai iyi, yekutanga yepamusoro makumi mashanu yaizofanira kutevera. Faberge uye mabhandi ake ekugadzira mapurisa akanga aita mafungiro avo muRussia, uye unyanzvi uye unyanzvi wemhizha wegoridhe uye bhizinesi wakamugonesa kuita mazai anoramba achinyengedza nhasi.
Kunyange zvazvo goridhe uye mazai eamel inomirira mazai ayo akawanda-akabudiswa dzimwe nguva anonzi Faberge mazai, yekutanga yakange yakasiyana zvachose yezvinhu zvakaitwa nevanyanzvi vezvigadzirwa.
Zvigadzirwa zveMaferge seTsika
Hemhi Hungu yakakurudzira tsika yeTsar ichipa mazai eIsita kumudzimai wake. Peter Carl Faberge akagadzira mazai uye zvavanoda kuti vashamiswe. Boka rake remhizha rakabva rauraya kubudiswa kweii rimwe nerimwe, vachishandisa simbi inokosha, mazai ega, uye mabwe kusanganisira kristani yedombo, ruby, jadeite, madhaimondi, uye mamwe marashiro kusanganisira maparera.
Alexander III akaratidza mai vake, Maria Fedorovna, gore negore kusvika pakufa kwake kusvika muna 1894. Mushure mezvo, mwanakomana wake, Nicholas II, akatora tsika iyi ndokupa maFira Faberge mazai kuna mai vake nemudzimai wake gore negore, kupopotedzana kwenguva pfupi kwehondo yeRusso-Japanese, kusvikira muna 1916. Maawa mairi maviri akafanirwa kuitirwa gore ra1917, asi gore rino rinotaura kuti kuguma kwehurumende yeRussia uye mazai hazvina kusvika kune avo vaigamuchirwa.
Aya mazai akanga asiri zvinhu zvakanaka chete, kunyange zvazvo chaizvoizvo anofadza kuziso. Vaiwanzova mementos yezviitiko zvinokosha, zvakadai seAion Coronation iyo yakaratidza kukwira kwaNicholas II kusvika korona kana Romanov Tercentenary Egg iyo yaipemberera chiitiko chemakore mazana matatu ekutonga kwemhuri yaRomanov.
Kuburikidza nemichina yakananga iyi, chikamu chenhoroondo yeRussia inoudzwa kuburikidza nemaziso emhuri yeumambo.
Faberge akaitawo mazai akakurumbira eEurope uye akapfuma, zvisinei kuti izvi hazvina kufanana nezvakaitwa kumhuri yeimba yeRussia. Iyi semusangano yakabudisa zvimwe zvidimbu zvekushongedza zveRomanovs uye vanokudzwa, vanotonga mhuri, uye vapfumi uye vane simba kumativi ose enyika, kusanganisira zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nemifananidzo, masiki ekusimudza, madheksi evharesi, tsamba dzinosvinura, zvishongo zvinopfeka, uye maruva ose.
Mafuro emaEggs
Mhedzisiro ye1917 Russian Revolution, zvose nekuda kwekuguma kwemambo uye nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika uye zvematongerwo enyika, kuisa iyo Faberge mazai-pamwe nehuwandu hweRussia hunyanzvi uye hwemambo-pangozi. Imwe nguva gare gare, pasi peStalin, zvidimbu zvakakwirira zvakatengeswa nokukurumidza kuvashambadzi vepfuma.
Vatori vakadai seAarmand Hammer naMalcolm Forbes vakakurumidza kunotenga zvidimbu izvi zvinokosha zvekushongedza unyanzvi. Vamwe vemuAmerica vanozivikanwa vanogona kuisa maoko avo pazvikwata zvemusangano weF Faberge zvinosanganisira JP Morgan, Jr. uye Vanderbilts, uye izvi zvishoma nezvishoma zvikava chikamu chemakoshe epamusoro anokosha. Muenzaniso wekutambira muna 1996 kusvika ku799 Faberge muAmerica wakaratidza zvinhu izvi mudunhu rakasiyana-siyana mumumyuziyamu muUnited States, kusanganisira Metropolitan Museum of Art muNew York, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, uye Cleveland Museum of Art.
Kunyange zvazvo mazai akawanda achiripo, zvimwe zvezvishamiso zvavo zvakarasika.
Nzvimbo yeMaki
Haasi mazai ose akasiyiwa muRussia, iyo iyo mashoko akanaka kune vashanyi vanoda kuona mazai munzvimbo yavo yekuzvarwa. Mazai gumi anogona kuwanikwa muAlory Museum yeKremlin , iyo ine mamwe mabhuku ezvakaitika kare eRussia anonyorwa, kusanganisira korona, zvigaro zvoushe, nezvimwewo pfuma. Mazai emumambo muAlexory Museum's collection inosanganisira Blue Memory yeAzov yai ye 1891; The Bouquet of Lilies Clock Egg ye 1899; Mutambo weTrans-Siberian Egg ye1900; The Clover Leaf Egg ye 1902; Moscow Kremlin Eki ye 1906; Alexander Palace Egg ye 1908; The Standart Yacht Yeki ye 1909; Alexander III Equestrian Egg ye1910; iyo Romanov Tercentenary Eki ye1913; uye Steel Egg Egg ye1916.
Imwe musumusi wega yega inonzi Faberge Museum muSt. Petersburg ine mazai evha yeViktor Vekselburg. Mukuwedzera kune yekutanga Hen yai iyo yakatanga Faberge Easter yai maitiro, mamwe mairi mairi mazai anokwanisa kuonekwa mu musamu ino: Renaissance Egg ye 1894; Rosebud Eki ye1895; Eki Coronation ye1897; Maruva eMupata Eki ye1898; The Cockerel Egg ye 1900; yegumi nemashanu Anniversary Egg ye1911; The Bay Tree Egg ye1911; uye Mutemo waSt. George Egg wegore ra1916. Mazai asina mahedheni (mazai asina kuitirwa mhuri yeumambo weRussia) akabatanidzwa mumusana weVekselburg anosanganisira mazai maviri akaitwa kumushandi wezvokushandura Alexander Kelch uye mamwe mazai mana akaitirwa vanhu vakasiyana-siyana.
Zvimwe Faberge mazai anopararira mumamyuziyamu kuEurope uye kuUnited States.