Kuratidzwa KweHondo Yenyika I Mhemberero muFrance

01 ye 04

Kuratidzwa kweHondo Yenyika Itsva I Mhemberero muFrance

Hondo Yenyika I Mhemberero dzinopararira kumaodzanyemba kweFrance uye dzinonyatsozivikanwa uye dzinoshanyira zvakawanda. Saka zvinouya sekushamisika kuziva kuti nzvimbo itsva neyezviyeuchidzo zvitsva kubva muHondo Yenyika I zvichiri kuwanikwa uye zvakavakwa, inenge zana remakore shure kwe'kurwa kupedza hondo dzose. ' Nhoroondo yeHondo Yenyika I haisati yasimbiswa kunyorwa uye yakanetseka kana ikambove iripo. Pane kunyanya kumanikidzwa kunzwisiswa uye kuuya kune zvayo neHondo Yenyika I iyo isina kukwanisa kupedza nguva. Icho chinouya kubva pakufunga kuti hatifaniri kumbokanganwa hondo inotyisa yakadaro asi yakanyanyawo zvikuru nekuda kwekutsvakurudza kwese uye kwenyika dzose.

Hondo huru dzeHondo Yenyika I dzakarwa dzakapoteredza Ypres muBelgium uye kurwisana kweHondo Yenyika I nharaunda dzinowanzotanga ipapo. Asi pane zvakawanda zvokuona zviri kumaodzanyemba muFrance zvakakomberedza misha inonakidza munzvimbo yacho. Kuwanikwa kwemitumbi 250 yakapoteredza Fromelles kwakatungamirira kumakuva matsva; pane chiyeuchidzo chitsva chiri kuumbwa kuna Wilfred Owen, munyori wenheyo uyo akatora 'Pity of War', uye mumwe munhu akaramba kurasa mukutsvaka kwake Hondo Yenyika I tangi iye zvino inoratidza chikwata chaMark IV muchitoro kuFlesquière .

Nzvimbo

Iyi mini-kutarisa kwemasitatu matsva eHuru Yenyika I inokutora kubva kuLille kumaodzanyemba kumadokero kuCarelles, kumaodzanyemba kusvika kuFlesquières uye kumabvazuva kusvika kuOrs. Iwe unogona kuita izvi nyore nyore muzuva kubva kuLille , Arras kana Cambrai.

02 of 04

Fromelles (Pheasant Wood), Imba yeNyika Yenyika I I

Fromelles musha muduku uri makiromita gumi nemana (18 km) kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweLille kubva kuN41 kuenda kuLens. Panzira inoenda kumusha, mirai pamurangariro kune veAustralia vakafa muHondo yeToelleselles. Dharirai mufananidzo unouraya wemumwe musoja akatakura shamwari isina tariro, achiyeuka nhamba dzevaAustralia vakaurawa pano uye vanopfuurira kuNew War Cemetery muKaelleselles. Iyi ndiyo makuva matsva ekutanga akavakwa neHumanwealth War Graves Commission mumakore makumi mashanu uye inoratidza hondo yeJuly 19th, 1916. Matombo emusoro, akarongerwa mumitambo yakasimba yehondo, yakajeka uye yakachena uye mukova wokurangaridza uri wakachenjera, unweathered red brick. Mushure mokuona kumakuva akwegura nematombo avo akacheka, miti nemaruva, Fromelles (Pheasant Wood) War Cemetery inouya sechinhu chinotyisa.

Hondo yeKayelles yaiva yekutanga hondo yeHondo Yenyika I kuWestern Front inobatanidza mauto eAustralia uye yakanga iri njodzi, yakaitwa zvikurukuru yakasvibiswa nemauto nekuti ichi chakanga chisiri mhiri kuHondo yeSomme. Hondo yeAustralia Division yakatambura kurashikirwa kukuru: 5 533 vakaurayiwa, vakakuvadzwa, vakatorwa musungwa kana kuti vasipo. Vose vekuBritain Division vakatambura 1 547 kurasikirwa. Kubva Fromelles inofungidzirwa kuti 1 780 veAustralia uye mazana mashanu emasoja eBritish akafa.

Kunyange zvazvo mizhinji miviri yakabva muhondo yakavigwa makumi emakore apfuura mumakuva ekurumbira ane rugare akafanana neVC Corner uye Rue Pétillon, kuwanikwa kwemitumbi 250 muguva revanhu vakawanda muPeasant Wood munaSeptember 2009 nekambani yezviongorori, Oxford Archeology, yakanga iri huru mukutsvaga kwevakafa veHondo Yenyika I. Yakabva yajekesa kuti makuva matsva aifanira kuvakwa.

Kuzivikanwa kwemitumbi kwave kusinganzwisisiki kwehutungamiri hwemapurisa, iyo inosanganisira DNA yakabva kune hama dziri kure uye kuongorora kukuru kushanda nemasangano akaita seImperial War Museum muLondon.

Zvisikwa zvevakafa zvakange zvakavigwa zvakajeka muKaelles Military Cemetery munaJanuary naFebruary 2010. Musi waJuly 19th, 2010, Makuva akazarurirwa zviri pamutemo, achicherechedza makore makumi mapfumbamwe emakore ehondo.

03 of 04

Hondo Yenyika I Tangi Yakaratidzwa Makore 90 gare gare

Kubvira kuKaelles, kutyaira kumaodzanyemba kwemaira makiromita 84 kunotora iwe kumativi ose Arras neCambrai kumusha muduku weFlesquières, mukati mekurima.

Kwemakore matanhatu, Philippe Gorczuynski, muridzi wepahotera, wezvakaitika kare uye munyori, akatsvaka tangi iro mukadzi akwegura akange achirangarira kuti akamanikidzwa nevasungwa veRussia kupinda mugomba guru pedyo newaini mhuri yake yakamhanya. Pamwe pamwe nerubatsiro rwezvenyanzvi, akazopedzisira awana tangi, Mark IV Deborah, muna 1998 uye akaitora.

Izvi zvaingova kutanga kwenyaya iyo paakatanga kutarisa mukati mehupenyu hweavo vakafira mutangi munguva yeHondo yeCambrai inokosha, November 20, 1917 iyo inosanganisira 475 matangi eBritish. Yaiva yekutanga kuedza kwechimiro chechigadziro ichi chakanga chiri chokugadzirisa mhirizhonga pamazuva ano ehondo.

Philippe Gorczuysnki akatenga goroji mumusha uye akaisa tangi ipapo nediki musimamende yevamwe mune imwe chivako chiduku chinopindirana. Deborah akamira mumugodhi, ari oga, akarohwa uye pamwe akaparadzwa. Kufarira kwakaungana uye iko zvino Deborah akaiswa mune imwe nhepfenyuro yemuziyamu pedyo neHumanwealth War Grave muFlesquières.

Iyo tangi inomira mune zvose zvayo yakarohwa heroine mune imwe nzvimbo yakavakwa pasi pepasi. Pasi pake ndiyo nyaya dzekutsvaga kwake uye hupenyu hwake hwekare hwakange huri kusanganiswa kunoshamisa - nharo yehushingi pamusana wehondo uye mumiririri wemazuva ano nyaya yekuti akawana sei tangi ndokutsvaga hupenyu - uye kufa - kubva kune vanogara.

• Imyuziyamu inotanga muna March 2018.

Mashoko Anoshanda:

Cambrai Tank Museum

Flesquières

Kuti uwane mamwe mazano ona Hurumende Cambresis.

04 we 04

Maawa Okupedzisira eHondo Yenyika I Mutoja-Nhetembo, Wilfred Owen

Wilfred Owen, mudetembi wechiChirungu uyo ​​nhetembo yeWWI yakave yakakonzera panguva iyoyo uye ichiri kunyatsopindira nhasi, yakavigwa mumakuva eOrs, musha muduku pedyo neLe Cateau-Cambresis. Yakatenderera makiromita 45 kumabvazuva kweFlesquières, ichifambisa neCambrai.

Mutevedzeri wevarwi akapedzisa usiku hwake hwekupedzisira pamwe nevamwe varwi vake kunze kweguta mumumvuri uye pasi pedenga reIndaneti yeimba. Chikamu cheMasvingo akadzika musasa, imba duku iyi yakatsvuka-brick ikozvino inoshandurwa nenzira inonyanya kufungidzira inova chivako kumudetembi. Izvo zvose zvakatanga nekuedza kwemaireya wekumba uyo, achiziva nezvehuwandu hweChirungu akauya kumusha achikumbira ruzivo pamusoro pemunyori wenhetembo, akaonana naWilfred Owen Society makore mashomanana apfuura. Akanga achinyanya kufadzwa nenyaya yacho uye akashamiswa nemukurumbira weWilfred Owen uye nhetembo dzake zvokuti akatanga kutambira chiyeuchidzo. Mamiriyoni 1 emadhora akawedzerwa uye chiyeuchidzo chakavhurwa muvhuvhu 2011.

Mumusha mawo pachawo, pane chiratidzo kunze kwemugodhi umo mudetembi akafuridzirwa, mazuva mashanu chete kusati kwapera hondo. Icho chikwata chakaitika apo mumugwagwa unoyambuka bhiriji pamusoro pemvura inononoka-kufamba. Kuwedzera pamusoro paWilfred Owen Library ine chikamu chiduku chemavara munhetembo uye hondo. Kubva pano, iri pfupi kuenda kumakuva - kwete guru, guru reMakuva Cemetery, asi runyararo, rwunzvimbo imwe ine kona yeBritish yakapiwa mauto akafa pano.

Gore roga roga, musi waNovember 4, musha unobata chikwata chechirangaridzo muchechi uye kuverenga nhetembo dzake. Inonzi Wilfred Owen Memorial .

Tsvaga Zvakawanda paWorld Ored kuburikidza naWilfred Owen Society.

Tsvaga Zvakawanda pamusoro penharaunda yacho: pane iyi Nhamba Pas de Calais website.