01 of 06
Mission San Juan Bautista
Nhume yeSan Juan Bautista yaiva yegumi nemashanu yakavakwa muCalifornia, yakagadzwa paJune 24, 1797, naBaba Fermin Lasuen . Zita rokuti San Juan Bautista rinoreva St. John mubhabhatidzi.
Mashoko Anofadza nezveMishinari San Juan Bautista
Nhume yeSan Juan Bautista yakanga iri chechi huru pane yeCalifornia. Yakange iri mukushandisa kusingaperi kubva muna 1812. Basa iri riri pedyo neSan Andreas Fault uye rakaratidzwa mufirimu yaAlfred Hitchcock yeVijigo .
Mission San Juan Bautista Timeline
1797 - Mission San Juan Bautista yakatangwa
1800 - Kudengenyeka kwenyika
1803 - Kereke itsva yakatanga
1805 - Inharaunda yeIndia i1100
1808 - Baba Cuesta vanosvika
1812 - Kereke itsva yakapedzwa
1812 - Baba Tapis vanosvika
1823 - Vagari vanosvika 1 250
1835 - Secularized
1849 - California Gold Rush
1860 - California statehood
1863 - Misangano yakadzokera kuchechi yeKaturikeNdepi Imba Mission San Juan Bautista Iripo?
Kero yekutumwa i2 uye Mariposa Street muSan Juan Bautista, CA. Enda kushoko reMission yemaawa emazuva ano.
San Juan Bautista Mission inowanikwawo muHurumende Historic Park. Iyo inotarisana nenzvimbo isina kuchinja zvishoma kubvira kumaodzanyemba kwegumi nemakore gumi nemapfumbamwe iyo inosanganisira hoteli, yakagadzikana uye mbiri dzekugara, dzose dzimba dzepakutanga dzinopfuura makore zana nemakore. Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko pamusoro peSan Juan Bautista State Historic Park chengetedza mawebsite.
02 of 06
Nhoroondo yeMishinari San Juan Bautista: 1797 kusvika 1827
Muna 1797, Baba Junipero Serra vakatungamira rwendo rweRoma rweKaturike kuzouya nechiKristu kuenda murenje murenje reCalifornia. Nokuda kwenzvimbo yacho, iye neVaFranciscans vakasarudza nzvimbo pazasi kweGavilan Makomo pedyo neEl Camino Real, iyo yavakatumidza San Juan Bautista Mission mushure maSanta Johane mubhabhatidzi. Nzvimbo iyi yakasarudzwa nokuti yakavimbisa "kukohwa kukuru kwemweya" muSan Juan Valley. Mumazuva ekupedzisira, Spanish Corporal Juan Ballesteros nevarume vashanu vakauya, uye mumwedzi vakavaka temberi, dzimba dzavo uye Padres, uye granary.
Zvino, mazuva gumi nematatu mushure mokunge azvitsaurira basa reSan Jose, Baba Lasuen vakasvika kune sangano reSan Juan Bautista rekutsaurira paMugovera, June 24, 1797.
Makore Ekutanga kuSan Juan Bautista Mission
Kubhabhatidzwa kwokutanga paSan Juan Bautista waiva mwana weIndia anenge makore gumi, pamwe naCorpor Ballesteros sevatsigiri. Kubhabhatidza kwekuchena kwekutanga kwaiva mwanakomana wemurume uye muvambo wokutanga, munaSeptember, waiva wechecheche mwanakomana wake.
Vanababa Jose Manuel de Martiarena naPedro Martinez, avo vaitarisira kuvaka, vakawana vanhu vomunharaunda vaine ushamwari uye vakabatana uye San Juan Bautista Mission yakakura nokukurumidza. Mwedzi mitanhatu yokutanga yakanga yakabatikana, uye neKrisimasi, vakavaka kereke yeAdobe, imba yevatongi, granary, makamuri, masuo ekuchengetedza uye adobe dzimba dze neophytes. Pakazosvika 1800, maIndia anopfuura 500 aigara muSan Juan Bautista mission.
1800 Kudengenyeka kwenyika paSan Juan Bautista Mission
Apo San Juan Bautista Mission yakatangwa, hapana munhu aiziva kuti yakanga iri pamusoro peSan Andreas Fault. Zvisinei, vakakurumidza kudzidza pamusoro pemhosva yacho uye kudengenyeka kwayo kwepakati. MunaOctober 1798, kudengenyeka kwakanga kwakanyanya zvokuti mamishinari akarara panze kwemwedzi wose. Paiva nehuwandu hwemasvondo matanhatu muzuva rimwe chete, zvichiita kuputsa kukuru muzvivako uye pasi.
Kukanganisa kwakakonzera kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakawanda munguva yekutanga, asi Sani Juan Bautista haana kutamira. Kutanga kwenyika kudengenyeka kwekutanga kwakaitika munaOctober 1800, zvichiita kukanganisa kukuru, uye chikamu chechivakwa chepakutanga chakawira.
San Juan Bautista Mission 1800-1820
Vanhu veIndia vakaramba vachiwedzera, uye muna 1803 pane zvirongwa zvekuvaka imwe kereke. Vanhu vanobva kumativi ose epurovhinzi vakakokwa kumhemberero yakanyatsotarisa iyo yakakonzera kuvaka. Kereke itsva yeSan Juan Bautista yekumisheni yakanga isina kupera kusvikira 1812.
Muna 1808, padre itsva, Baba Arroyo de Cuesta, vakasvika. Baba Cuesta vakanga vane simba uye vaine chido, uye vakavimbisa vavaki kuti kereke yakakura ine nave nhatu ingadai iri chinhu chisina kujairika pano. Nemhaka yehupenyu hwababa vaConesta, ndiyo yaiva kereke yakakura mupurovhinzi uye chete chimiro chemarudzi ayo akambovakwa nevaFranciscans muCalifornia.
Apo kereke yakakura, ungano yakanga yakarongedzwa kuti irege kuramba. Muna 1805, vanhu vomunharaunda vaiva 1 100, asi muna 1812 yakaderedzwa kusvika pasi pehafu nekuda kwekufa uye kushaya. Iyi nzvimbo itsva mutsva yakazara nechechi ungano duku, uye Baba de la Cuesta vakakomberedzwa mumiganhu miviri yemasvingo akaparadzanisa neves matatu echechi.
Muna 1812, Baba Tapis vakabva pahofisi yePresident ndokubatana naBaba de la Cuesta. Dzidziso dzakaramba dzichitungamirirwa naBaba Baba Tapis kubva muna 1812 kusvika muna 1825.
San Juan Bautista Mission 1820s - 1830s
Muna 1824, nhamba yevanhu veSan Juan Bautista yakakura zvakare, nevanhu vachifamba vachibva kuTulare Valley, zvichida nekuda kwekutsvaga kwehondo kune dzimwe nyika. Vagari vakapinda muna 1823, ne 641 varume uye 607 vagari vemukadzi. Makumi makumi maviri nemaviri maigara maIndia akavakwa gore iroro, uye paiva nemishumo yemadhora emvura, granary, moto, uye makamuri okucheka akadzorerwa nevakuru vashandi vatsva.
Muna 1827, mushumo wakaiswa kuna gavhuna wakatora mombe yeSan Juan Bautista mombe yezvipfuwo uye nyika dzenyika, kutarisa zvigaro zvaisanganisira zviuru mazana matanhatu zvemombe, 750 mahara, 37 mahesera, makwai. Pakanga pasina kudiridza, asi mafuro akadirirwa nekuputika kweRwizi rwePoaro. Vane matanda akanaka kubva kumakomo kuenda kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero. Zvitubu kubva kumakomo eGavilan zvakamhanyira kunwisa miriwo, minda yemizambiringa, uye minda.
Muna 1833, Zacatecan Franciscans kubva kuMexico vakatora.
03 of 06
Nhoroondo yeMabasa San Juan Bautista: 1827 kusvika Mazuva Ano
Secularization
Nguva yeZacatecan yakapera makore maviri. Mushure mokunge Mexico ichikunda rusununguko kubva kuSpain, yakanga isingakwanisi kuchengetedza hurumende dzichifamba sezvakaitwa neSpain, uye muna 1834, Mexico yakasarudza kugumisa urongwa uye kutengesa nyika dzose. Muna 1835, pasi pechitendero chechihedheni, San Juan Bautista Mission yakaderedzwa kusvika pakuderedzwa kwekirasi yechipiri, pasi pemutongi wehurumende, uye zvinhu zvayo zvakatengeswa.
Nhoroondo mushure mekunyengera kwekufambisa kune mufaro kune dzimwe dzevamwe misangano. Vanhu vakaramba vachitsigira kereke, uye maitiro ave akabatwa pano pasina kushungurudzika.
Mushure mekudzivirira, San Juan Bautista yakava pueblo. Imba yekutumwa yakatangwa muna 1845 naAreres, munun'una waPio Pico, uyo akanyora paimba yeparisi yemakamuri makumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu akaumbwa neAdobe ne trick tile uye yakagadzirwa nevhu uye pasi. Bindu iri kuchamhembe kwenhare uye munda wemichero wemiti yemichero 875 yakanga yakapoteredzwa norusvingo rwakavakwa nemapfupa emombe. Munda wemizambiringa wakanga usiyiwa wakaramba uine mizambiringa 1,200. Nyika yose panguva iyoyo yaiva ne7,500 square varas. Nzvimbo duku yevahedheni vakakurira mu pueblo, uye kwaiva nevamwe vagari 50 muguta reSan Juan pakupera kwa1839.
Anenge makore makumi matatu mushure mekunyengera, hurumende dzakadzoserwa kuChechi yeKaturike. Apo zita racho rakadzorerwa kuchechi, nyika dzayo dzaiva 55.13 acres.
San Juan Bautista Mission muzana remakore rechi20
Nhasi kune zvivako zvemazuva ano kumucheto kwebindu. Imwe nyanzvi yemamoni mapepa, uye mabheti ayo akatarisana nega rega yeSpain plaza muCalifornia, inogadzira musamu. Matanda akavanzwa anoita kuti kudengenyeka kwenyika kuve kudzivirirwa, rusvingo rwebhero rwakapera, uye rutivi rwemigwagwa rwakadzorerwa. Machechi eChechi achiri kubatwa vhiki rese.
San Juan Bautista Mission inoonekwa mufirimu yaAlfred Hitchcock yaVergogo . Vane firimu vangaona kuti bell tower, inowanikwa mune zviitiko zviviri zvinoshamisa mufirimu, haipo.
04 of 06
Mifananidzo yeMishinari San Juan Bautista
Simba San Juan Bautista Mufananidzo uri pamusoro apa unoratidza mombe dzayo. Yakange yakatorwa kubva kuzvidzidzo zvichange zvaratidzwa pa Mission San Francisco Solano uye Mission San Antonio. Icho chimwe chezvikwata zvemishinari zvakawanda zvinosanganisira tsamba "A" mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, asi isu tisina kukwanisa kuziva iyo yakabva.
05 of 06
Nzvimbo yeSan Juan Bautista Kugadziriswa, Pasi Pasi, Zvivakwa uye Nzvimbo
Kuvakwa kwechivako ichi chiripo kwakatanga munaJune 1803, uye chechi yakagadzirirwa yakazvitsaurirwa musi waJune 23, 1812. Muna 1818, Thomas Doak, mukepe weAmerica uyo aishanda nzvimbo nekambani, akashandira kupenda reredos mavara nemashira matanhatu mberi kwechechi. Vamwe vanoti Doak ndiye aiva mugari wekutanga weUnited States kugara muSpain California. Iti aritari zvidhori, faux-marble painted rusvingo rusvingo, guru guru rekubhabhatidza kubhabhatidzwa, zvose zvakasikwa.
San Juan Bautista ndiyo kereke huru yekutumwa muCalifornia pamakiromita makumi mapfumbamwe, yakareba mamita makumi matanhatu uye mamita makumi mana pakakwirira. Iyo yakagadzirwa neadobe brick mamita matatu akareba, ine denga tsvuku tsvuku uye pasi. Masvingo aro akareba mamita matatu akaenzana nesimbi, uye cloister yake yakareba mamita makumi maviri.
Iko kereke yekutanga yakagadzirwa nababa Cuesta yakadana katatu maikisi uye simba rinopfuura 1 000. Zvisinei, chirongwa chacho chakachinjwa panguva yekuvakwa, zvichida nekuda kwekunetseka pamusoro pekudengenyeka kwenyika kana kuti kuderera kwevanhu vomuIndia hakuna kudikanwa chivakwa chakadai chakadai.
Imomo mukati memasuo makuru akavhara, pamatafura akareruka pasi pasi iwe unogona kuona mhuka yemakore zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe emapapiro, zvichida yakasara kune dzimwe mhuka dzinodzungaira musati matanda akaoma. Tarisa kona musuo mune imwe yemasuwo emagonhi, yakasara kubva pane imwe nguva apo makate akachengetwa mice kure.
Muna 1906, kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakaitika kuSan Juan Bautista. Yakaparadza masvingo emativi echechi uye zvimwe zvekuvakwa. Mushure mekudengenyeka kwenyika, basa racho rakavakwazve uye rakasimbiswa nekrete. Inzwi reCentral Hearst rakabhadharwa kudzorerwa muna 1949
Pakutanga, mabhero akarembera kubva pamusara wepuraseni muchivanze, uye chechi yakanga isina bell tower. Imba yakagadzirwa nematanda yakawedzerwa muma 1860, uye yakapedzisira ichinyorwa mukrete. Iyo shongwe yakaita kuti zvive nyore kunyorera mabhechi echechi zvakanaka mune chero mamiriro okunze, asi yakabviswa kumavambo 1950. Muna 1976 kambani yekambani, kana bhero rusvingo, yakagadzirwa (kana kuti inogonazve kuvakwa) mune mamwe maitiro. Pakutanga, zvipfumbamwe zvipfumbamwe zvakagara kunze kwechechi, asi zvitatu chete zvacho zvinogara.
06 of 06
Mission San Juan Bautista Barrel Organ
Iko rinoshandiswa rakagadzirwa neChirungu nhengo yegurisi inobva kune nyaya dzakawanda uye nhoroondo. Yakaita nzira yayo pano kubva kuMonterey pane imwe nguva kuma1920 ekupedzisira. Zvichida zvakanyanya kupiwa kuna Baba Lasuen neBritish muongorori Vancouver. Nhengo yacho yakavakwa muLondon uye yakareba mamita mashanu pakureba, mamita maviri paupamhi uye 18 masendimita yakadzika. Mukati mune mabomba makumi mapfumbamwe nemapuranga makumi maviri nemapapiro makumi maviri anonzwika apo inenge yakashandurwa. Dzimwe nhepfenyuro dzakakura dzakapoteredza chigadziko ichi, chimwe chaicho chakachipa simba risina kujairika ndokuchibatanidza nekutumirwa kwemashoko.
Nhengo iyo chinhu chisinganzwisisiki kuti uve nechechi, kunyange zvakadaro. Nziyo dzayo dzinonzi dzinosanganisira "Endai kuna Dhiabhorosi, Spanish Waltz, College Hornpipe, uye Lady Campbell's Reel," inonyanya kuzivikanwa nevashambadzi vafambisi kupfuura vanomunamatira madzitateguru.
Nyaya inofadza zvikuru pamusoro pegurusa rinoparidzwa muSasset Magazine yeCalifornia Missions: A Pictorial History : "Pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvine chokuita nhengo yembongoro, chimwe chezvakanakisisa chinoratidza simba rayo rinenge rine simba pamusoro pevana-savages. kurwisana nevaIndia vaTulare vakakundwa pasi pemazuva rimwe chete, uye neophytes yakamhanya kusvika.
Nenzira yakanaka, iyo padre yakaramba ichimhanya. Akabvisa ruoko rwechigadziko ndokutanga kunyorera. VaNeophyte vakabata ndokutanga kuimba nemimhanzi iri pamusoro pekunzwika kwavo, nemugumisiro wekuti vavengi vavo vakanyatsopindira kuti vaise zvombo zvavo uye vaida mimwe mimhanzi, kunyange vachikumbira kuti varambe vachidaro kuti vafare nguva yose . "