Firipi Pioneer uye Prolific Inventor Yakashandura Park ne Movie Industries
Kana iwe wakatora ndege kumwedzi weEndor paDisney's Star Tours kana kuti wakashongedzerwa nemauto-grade-grade laser naGru paChirangaridzo Me Minion Mayhem paPaki dzepasi rose, une Douglas Trumbull kuonga.
Kunyange zvazvo akanga asingabatanidzwi zvakananga nekunakidzwa, ndiye Trumbull uyo akavandudza pfungwa uye teknolojia yekufamba-famba simulator kukwira kwakaita kuti zvive nyore. Akaona zvigaro zvevaraidzo mumakwikwi ezvokutengeserana ezvokutengeserana zvinoshandiswa kudzidzisa vatyairi vemotokari ndokuvaka chikwata chokutanga chekusimudzira simulator.
Kuburitsa kwake kwakagadziriswa munguva itsva yezvitsvaga zvezvinyorwa zvemashoko pamapaki uye dzimwe nzvimbo.
Kunze kwekusimudzira mimhanzi, Trumbull anoramba achifarira firimu uye chido chake chekuvandudza nekushandisa mashandisirwo akashandiswa kutora uye kutamba zvakare mifananidzo inofamba-famba yakamutungamirira parwendo kuenda, sezvaanotaura, "kuita zvinyorwa zvisingazivikanwi kubva pakuitika." Ari munzira, akashandura mamwe mazano emagetsi ekumhanya uye akavandudza zvimwe zvinoshamisa zvekombiyuta zvine zvinorehwa zvakanyanya pamapaki ezitukuro uye kuvaraidzwa kwemashoko.
Tarira kunze kweSpas Pass Podcast neDoug Trumbull, mairi ini ndakabatanidzwa. Anotaura zvakawanda pamusoro pebasa rake refu uye teknolojia yake itsva yeMagi.
Makore ekutanga
Akaberekwa muna 1942 muLos Angeles, California, Trumbull yakanga yakanyatsokonzerwa nababa vake, injineri uye muchengeti tinkerer, uye amai vake, muveki. Vakapa DNA yakanaka uye nzvimbo yakagadzikana kuti iwane hutano hweTrumbull ye techno-art career path.
Akaparadza shanduro dzenhema inovhura sechidiki. Trumbull akatarisa nekutarisira kukuru sezvo Disneyland yakanga ichivakwa uye yakanakidzwa nekushanyira paki mushure mokunge yavhurwa. Akanga achinyanya kufadzwa nekuratidzwa kwepakutanga, The Art of Animation , uye aifungidzirwa nekwanisi yekugadzira zvisikwa zvenyika.
"Kuita mifananidzo kunouya mhenyu uye kunoita kuti vafambe-svetuka iwe wakanga wakafanana nedenga kwandiri," anodaro.
Mushure mokutora zvidzidzo zvekudhiridza mujijiji yemunharaunda, basa raTrumbull rokutanga rakanga riri pafirimu yepafirimu yakabudisa mafirimu ekushandisa NASA. Neimwe yemabasa ake, akabatsira kukudziridza kukokwe kweNASA, Kumwedzi uye Kupfuura , kwegore ra1964 reNew York World Fair . Yakaiswa muCinerama 360 , yepakutanga-yakatarisa mafomu, uye yakarongedzwa pane dome. Munyori wenhau Arthur C. Clarke nemagetsi epafirimu Stanley Kubrick vakaona kukokwa, uye Kubrick akashanda ikambani Trumbull yakashanda kubatsira kubatsira kugadzirisa zvakakosha pamusana pezvinyorwa zvake zvemafirimu fiction, 2001: A Space Odyssey .
Hollywood Special Effects Maven
Trumbull akazvidzivirira mubasa raishanda zvakajeka kuna Kubrick uye, pakati pemakore ekuma20, akazoguma achitarisa maonero ekutarira kwa2001 . Akave nekugadzira slit-scan photography inoshandiswa pakuratidzika kweFirigate Corridor yefirimu. Trumbull inofunga nezvekupedzisira kumutevedzeri munyori uye munyori. "Kushanda naKubrick kwakandiratidza kuti firimu iyi inogona kuva chiitiko chekuzviisa pasi - kuti vateereri vangave vari chikamu chemufirimu," anodaro. "Akanga achishandisa teknolojia yose iripo ya2001 , kusanganisira Cinerama, giant wraparound skrini, inzwi rechitanhatu-stereo sound - chero chii chakatora kutumira vateereri kupinda munzvimbo."
Kushanda nevamwe veHollywood vakakurudzira zvikuru vatungamiri, Trumbull yakagadzira migumisiro yemamwe mafirimu avo makuru. Zvikwereti zvake zvinosanganisira Zvimwe Zvitsva zveMutambo Wechipiri kuna Steven Spielberg, Blade Runner ye Ridley Scott, uye Star Trek: The Motion Picture uye The Andromeda Strain kwa Robert Wise. Akabudisawo uye akatungamirira mafirimu ake, kusanganisira Silent Running uye Brainstorm .
Dzokera kuzvitsvaga
Muna 1972, Trumbull akatanga sangano rekutsvakurudza nekufambisa neParamount Pictures kuti aongorore hutsva uye huri nani hwemagetsi ekugadzira mafirimu. Akasika Showscan, chirongwa chinoratidza mafirimu pamapfumi makumi matanhatu nemasere panzvimbo yezvigadzirwa makumi maviri nemasere pamasere. Pamusoro wehuwandu hwemafuremu, zvinetso zvakadai sokuputika uye kuputika zvakaderedzwa kana kubviswa, uye zvifananidzo zvinopisa, zvinonzwisisika, uye zvinowedzera "chaizvo."
Kuburitsa kunofanirwa kuve iyo yekutanga kubudiswa kwefirimu uye kuratidzirwa uchishandisa Showscan, asi kuburitswa kwakasangana nematambudziko mazhinji kusanganisira kurasikirwa kusingatarisirwi kwenyeredzi yake, Natalie Wood, uyo akafa pazvinhu zvinganetseka. Chiitiko ichi chakakonzera Trumbull, uye akadzoka kubva kumabhizimisi emagariro epafirimu. Imax yakaburitsa Showscan seyakakura yakazara-skrini, iyo yakaguma yakaguma Showscan semugove wepamusoro wepamusoro purogiramu yekombiyuta. (Zvinoshamisa kuti, Trumbull akazotenga Imax nevamwe varairidzi, uye vakabatsira kuwedzera mafirimu makuru-screen uye kuita kuti vashandise kune mamwe mafirimu.)
Achitarisa panzvimbo panzvimbo dzakashata, Trumbull akavatevera kuda kwake kubvisa zvipingamupinyi pakati pevateereri nemavhidhiyo. Muna 1974, paaiva paParamount, akagadzira uye akaratidza mufananidzo wekutanga kutarisa simulator. Akadzoka kune pfungwa muna 1985 uye akavandudza Tour of the Universe , iyo yakazaruka muToronto uye ndiyo yaiva yekutanga yokufambisa simulator yakawanikwa kuvanhu. Nokugadzira mhando uye kuratidza kuti yakagadzikana, Trumbull yakazarura musuo kuti usangotanga kufamba-famba simulator, asi yose immersive, media-based attractions.
Universal Studios Florida yakaunza Trumbull mukutungamirira iyo firimu uye kubatsira kukura kwayo kubudirira kufamba simulator kukoshesa, Kudzokera Kumangwana ... Ride , iyo yakavhurwa muna 1991. Kufambisa kwaiva nguva yekukurumidza uye yakabatsira kuchinja mufananidzo uye nhare yechinetso- akatambudzwa nepaki. Kukwezva, kwakadururwa muna 70mm uye yakaendeswa kune imwe nzvimbo yeOnimax, yakazarurirwa kuti iwedzere kunakidzwa mu Universal Studios Hollywood . Kudzokera Kumangwana ... Ride yakabva yakavharwa, uye The Simpsons Ride yakatsiva iyo.
Mumakore ekuma1990, Trumbull nekambani yake yeMassachusetts-yakagadzira zvinhu zvitatu zvinofadza kuLuxor Hotel neCasino muLas Vegas. (Iyi yakanga iri panguva yekuedza kweSin City kusinganzwisisiki kuzviratidza pachayo semhuri inoshamwaridzana kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo.) Zvimwe zvinofadza zvakataurwa nenyaya yakasiyana, asi yakashandisa nzira nhatu dzakasiyana, kusanganisira kufamba kwekusimudzira simulator ne 48 mafaira-per-yechipiri pefirimu, Showscan mafirimu ayo akavharidzira sehupenyu huripo (izvo zvishoma kana zviduku zvakabviswa nehupamhi hwaro hwemaitiro hunonyengera), uye "Theatre of the Future," iyo yakaita hurukuro huru, yakadzika uye 48 mafaira-kwechipiri-yepiri VistaVision film. Izvo zvinonakidza zvinobva zvavharwa.
Nguva Yemberi Inotarisa Chiedza
Anoenderera mberi achipisa mitambo uye anosvitsa mavuputiki emakambani efirimu neokukwezva paTrumbull Studios. Anotsvaga uye anogadziridza zvinyorwa zvose mukutsvaka kwake cinematic kukwana. "Kana iwe uchida kugutsikana nehutano hwevanhu kuti izvo zvauri kuona ndezvechokwadi," Trumbull anoti, "unoda kusarudzwa kwose, kubwinya kwose, mureza wose, uye zvose zvaunogona kuita kuti zviite se hwindo pazvakanaka. "
Kubatsira kuita zviratidzo zvakajeka (dambudziko rinowanzoitwa nemitambo yemavhidhiyo inowanzogadziriswa ndiyo mamiriro avo akadzikama, ayo anogona kupa mifananidzo yemadope), akaisa pfungwa kune vose vanoronga uye zviratidzo. Nokushandisa svondo reTurus, iro rakagadzirirwa teknolojia yekudzivirira uye rakaputika, Trumbull inokwanisa kukonzera chiedza chakajekeswa kudzokera kune vateereri, nokudaro zvichiita kuti chiedza chaicho chibudirire. Akagadzirawo retina kuratidza nzira iyo inopfurikidza zvidzidzo zvachose uye inotumira mifananidzo zvakananga kune vanoona maziso. Zvimwe zvitsva zvinosanganisira zero-gravity crane kuti makamera ekushandisa anogona kushanda nesimba. Iyo yakagadzirirwa masiniti chaiwo anocherechedza kufamba kwayo uye, kana yakabatana neTrumbull's patented system, inogona kubereka chimiro chaiyo yakagadzirirwa munguva chaiyo.
Asi iyo inofadza zvikuru kukurudzirwa ndeye Magi, Trumbull's latest effort at high frame rate teknolojia. Inosanganisira 3D, 4K sarudzo, uye zana 120 pamusi wechipiri - 120! - kununura ruzivo runouya zvakashamisika nechinangwa chake-chinangwa chekubvisa kusiyana kwemashizha nezvakanaka. Trumbull anotarisira kubvumidza teknolojia kune vanoita mafirimu nekukwezva vanogadzira.
Iko kusinganzwisisiki kwehutachiona mune zvinobudisa nhepfenyuro inowanzova mhizha pachayo. Zviitiko zvakadai seWaltern's zvakanaka Harry Potter uye Rwendo Rwakarambidzwa ruchave rwakanyanya kunyanya kushandiswa achishandisa maMagi. Kudzorera kusvibiswa kwaro kwakasviba uye kwakanyanyisa kunyoreswa ne hyper-realistic, high-frame-rate mifananidzo yaizoita kuti gumbo racho riwedzere kumira.
Trumbull irikudziridza Magi Pods, yakagadzirirwa masayenzi ayo aizoratidzira teknolojia itsva yefirimu. Anotarisira kutengesa mabhizimisi kune nzvimbo dzakasanganiswa, kusanganisira mapaki ezviitiko. Nzvimbo dzemafirimu dzingangodaro dzine zvinyorwa zvepaki (zvakadai seLooney Tunes kana kuti Justice League media paSix Flags nzvimbo) kana mafirimu evanhu vakawanda vanobudiswa naTrumbull. Anotarisa zvakare zviitiko zvakadai seMagi festivals inokumbira vatungamiri kuratidzira mafirimu mitsva nezvemitambo yakanyanya, mimhanzi, kana mamwe marudzi.