Early Sonoma County History - Native Tribes to the Bear Flag Revolt
Native Marudzi
Tinotaura zvakawanda pamusoro peNyika Yewaini uye "hupenyu hwakanaka." Asi, vagari vokutanga vaSonoma County, vanhu vemarudzi ePomo, Miwok nePappo , vanoita sevari ndivo vaiziva nzira yekurarama nayo. Nhoroondo dzakawanda dzezvakaitika kare dzinorondedzera ivo sevanhu vane rugare. Kuponeswa kwakanga kusina kuoma nemichero yose yakawanda uye hove uye mhuka dzomusango uye zvinyoro zvinyoro. Uyezve, shure kweizvozvo, ivo vakanga vasina chikwereti chokufunganya nezvazvo.
Saka, vakapedzisira vane nguva yakawanda yekusununguka kuita zvinhu izvo izvo vanhu vanoda kuti vaite kana vakangova nenguva yakawanda yekusununguka. Vaizogona kugara pamwe nemhuri dzavo neshamwari, kuimba nekudhanha, kugumburana nekunamata kwavo, kunakidzwa nemasikirwo, uye kugadzira unyanzvi.
Semuenzaniso, vaIndia vePomo vakagadzira mabhasikiti akasiyana siyana nekuda kwezvinodiwa. Asi, ivo vaivewo nenguva yokurera matarenda avo uye kugadzira mabhasiki akanga asina kungoshanda chete asi maitiro uye akanaka. Zvechokwadi, mabhasikiti ePomo ndiwo mamwe emhando dzakakosha, kana kwete iyo inonyanya kukoshesa, munyika. Zvimwe zvezvikamu zvakakura zvinogona kuwanikwa ku Smithsonian uye kuKremlin. Panewo chimwe chinhu chakanaka kuna Jesse Petro Museum paSanta Rosa Junior College. Uye Mendocino County Museum in Willits inodhura mamwe mabhasiki naElsie Allen. Allen akanga ari mudzidzisi akakurumbira wePomo Indian, muiti wezvimhanyisi uye webhasiki wekiketi aigara muSonoma County mukutanga kusvika pakati pe1900s.
Elsie Allen High School iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweSanta Rosa inonzi zita rake.
The First European Settlers
Vamwe vanhu vanofunga Sir Frances Drake, mutungamiri wokutanga wechiChirungu kuti afambe-famba munyika yose, akaenda muBodega Bay muCampbell Cove muna 1577, panguva iyoyo yakakurumbira. (Makore anenge makumi maviri zvisati zvaitika, Ferdinand Magellan wePortugal ndiye munhu wokutanga munhoroondo inozivikanwa kuti atarise nyika yose.) Asi, kusvikira zvino, hapana anoziva zvechokwadi paakaenda, uye iri nyaya yakakakavadzana semaguta kumusoro uye pasi coast lives for the distinction.
Zvatinoziva ndezvokuti kugadzirisa kwekugara kwakagadzirwa muSonoma County nevasiri vedzinza kwakanga kusina kuvakwa neChirungu uye yakanga isina kuvakwa neSpain. Yakanga yakavakwa nevaRussia.
Vakawanda veRussia vakanga vaenda kuAlaska kunouraya otters nokuda kwehuno hwavo hunokosha. Sezvo hutori hwevanhu hwakapera, vatengesi vakatamira mberi kumaodzanyemba. Muna 1812 boka ravo rakaenda kuBodega Bay uye rakagadzirisa kugadzirisa kuchamhembe kubva ipapo. Vakatumidza zita rokuti "Ross," zita rekare rokuti "Russia." (Fort Ross iye zvino yava California State Park.)
VaSpanish, vakanga vasina kufara pamusoro peizvi. Vakanga vachikwira vachibva kuMexico pamwe neConstall California Building Missions uye vachitsvaga nyika yeSpain. Hondo itsva yeRussia yakavakurudzira kuti vachimbidzire mberi kweSan Francisco uye vakavaka misheni itsva inowedzera kuchamhembe uye vakabata nzvimbo iyo vasati vapinda. Uye Baba Jose Altimira, muprista wechidiki ane chido kuMambo San Francisco, akafunga kuti ndiye murume chete zviite.
Altimira akakwira kumusoro uye akaongorora nzvimbo yakawanda mumipata yePalaluma, Suisun uye Napa. Akazopedzisira asarudza Sonoma Valley senzvimbo yakanaka yekugara. Francisco Solano Mission, inonyatsozivikanwa saSomaoma Mission, yakavakwa mune zvaizova guta reSomaoma.
Panguva iyoyo, Mexico yakanga yatozivisa kusununguka kwayo kubva kuSpain, Uye nguva pfupi pashure pacho, hurumende yeMexico yakasarudza kuparadza basa rekutumwa zvachose. Saka nhume muSonoma yaiva yekupedzisira uye yekuchamhembe yakavakwa, uye iyo yoga yakavakwa pasi pekutonga kweMexico. Kana iwe wakatarisa mepu unogona kuona kuti shanduro yeSpain / Mexican yakatenderera sei kwakapoteredza kuti basa rekupedzisira rakavakwa. Sezvaunoenda kuchamhembe uchienda neCalifornia kumhenderekedzo, uchaona maguta akawanda ane mazita achitanga neSan uye Santa, Los uye Las. Santa Rosa ndiye wokupedzisira.
Kunyangwe zvazvo Sonoma Mission yakavakwa kuti iparadze kukoroni nevamwe, zvikurukuru maRussia, vaRussia havana kuita sevanogumburwa. Kutaura zvazviri, vanhu vaibva kuFort Ross havana kungozviratidza kuti vakazvitsaurira kereke yeumishinari, asi ivo vakatouya nemabhande eatari, zvigadziko zvemwenje uye bhero.
Basa racho rakakura, asi nema1830 hurumende yeMexico yakasarudza kuputsa hurongwa hwemishinari. Mukuru wemakore 27, General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, akatumirwa kuSomaoma muna 1835 kuti atarisire hurumende yeS Sonoma Mission. Akapiwawo murairo wekugadzirisa nzvimbo yacho kuti ataure chirevo cheMexican uye kudzivisa maRussia kubva mberi.
General Vallejo
Vallejo akagadzirira kushanda mukugadzirisa nyika. Akatora maekare 66 000 muPetaluma iye pachake uye akatanga chirongo ikoko. I Petaluma Adobe iye zvino yava State Historic Park. Sezvo Sonoma neSan Rafael Missions vakagumburwa, zvizhinji zvezvipfuwo uye vazhinji vevashandi veIndia vakagamuchirwa nemapuranga aVallejo.Mamwe ose enyika yacho airemekedzwa kune vamwe, vazhinji vavo mumhuri yakare yaVallejo.
Amai vake vamwene, Dona Maria Carrillo, vakatora nyika pamwe chete neSanta Rosa Creek ndokuvaka Carrillo Adobe, musha wokutanga weEurope muSanta Rosa Valley. Maria Carrillo High School, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweSanta Rosa inonzi zita rake.
Kapiteni John Rogers Cooper akaroora hanzvadzi yaVallejo yaEncarnacion ndokutora El Molino Rancho iripo nhasi Forestville. Rogers akavaka simba rekutanga rekuona mashizha ikoko, saka zita rokuti "Molino" rinoreva "mill" muchiSpain. (Chikoro chesekondari muM forestville chinonzi El Molino.)
Captain Henry Fitche, uyo akaroora mumwe wehanzvadzi yaVallejo, vakagamuchira Sotoyome mvumo, yava iye zvino Healdsburg. Fitche akapedza nguva yakawanda nguva yake muSan Diego, saka akatumira Koreski Alexander kuti avandudze ruzha, achimuvimbisa mahekeri zviuru gumi. Alexander akatorora nyika iyo ikozvino yava Alexander Valley semubhadharo wake.
Zvakawanda zvenyika zvakapiwa kune vanhu vasiri mhuri, zvakare.
Uye Vallejo akabuda munzira yake kuenda kunonyengetedza vafambisi veAnglo kuti vagadzire majeka pedyo neRussia fort kuchengetedza vaRussia kupinda mukati.
Zvakare, vaRussia havana kuonekwa vakavhiringidzika nezvose zveizvi. Mazuva ano, Fort Ross inotarisirwa neHurumende Parks, uye vanoita gore reCultural Heritage Day.
Panguva yemhemberero, Fort Ross Interpretive Association yakashandiswa kuparidzira kufanana kwezuva rimwe muna 1836. Mukati, mahofisi eMexico anobva kuSomaoma anotarisa kuHome uye anorayira vaRussia kuti vaende. Sekuratidzwa kwesimba, maRussia anopisa zvombo zvavo. Uye zvino vanokoka vaMexico mukati memutambo.
Asi, vavakidzani vane ushamwari vaifanira kusiya nguva pfupi. Vakanga vauraya hutatu hwevanhu kusvika pakupera kwekupedzisira uye saka vakadzokera kuRussia. Vakawanda vevarume vacho vakadzosazve vakaroorana veAmerica nevana. (Uye ivo vakadzosa zvakare mabhasikiti aya ePomo, anotsanangura kuti sei Kremlin ine mukana wakanaka zvakadaro.)
Hurumende yeMexico yakanga isina nguva yakakwana yekurega kusununguka kwekuti vanhu vokuRussia vakanga vasati vambosvikirwa nehutsva hutsva kuNorthern California gungwa: American Pioneers.
The Bear Flag Revolt
VaAmerica vanogara, vakafuridzirwa nenyaya dzeparadhiso nyika yeCalifornia, vakatungamira pamusoro peSierras uye kuSomaoma. Iyo yakaipa Donner Party yaiva rimwe boka rakadaro remapiyona. Vaviri vevasikana vaduku vakanga vasara nherera nerwendo irworwo rwakaipa, vakapedzisira vava kugara nemhuri in Sonoma. Mumwe wevasikana, Eriza Donner akazopedzisira akanyora "Kutenderera kweChirungu chaDonner uye nhamo yayo inotyisa," iyo inowanikwa mubhuku rinonzi California As I Saw It: Munhu Wokutanga-Nhoroondo dzeMakore Ekutanga eCalifornia, 1849-1900 (Rugwaro rwakakwana kubva munhoroondo yake inogona kuwanikwa pano.Sezvo vakawanda uye vagari venyika vakadururira munzvimbo iyo, kukakavadzana kwakakura pakati pevanhu vatsva neCaliforos vakange vachinzwa kuti nyika yavo iri kukurira. Vallejo akanyora kuti: "Kubva kuNorth Americans kuenda kuCalifornia nhasi kunogadzira mutsara usina kukanganisika wemakumbo ... zvinotyisa."
Paiva nenhema yokuti Mexico yaizodzinga vaAmerica. Uye muzhizha ra1846, imwezve runyerekupe rwakaputika munzvimbo iyo Mexico yakanga yarayira vaAmerica kuCalifornia. Panguva ino, boka revargtag revakasimuka rakapinda muSomaoma kunosangana neGeneral Vallejo.
Vakakomba imba yake yeSomaoma uye mutungamiri weboka risingabvumirwi, Ezekiel Merritt, akapinda mukati kuti ataure mazwi neChechi. Pashure pemamaawa mazhinji, Merritt haana kubuda. Saka, mumwe murume kubva muboka akapinda kuti aongorore. Haana kubuda zvakare. Pakupedzisira, murume anonzi William Ide akapinda kuti aone kuti chii chiri kuitika. Akazonyora kuti: "Pakagara Merrit - musoro wake wakawa ... uye ipapo akagara mutsva akaitwa Kapiteni semuteveki sechigaro chaaigara.
Bhodhoro rakange rava pedyo nekuparadza vakunda. "Zvinoratidzika kuti General Vallejo, nguva dzose ari munhu akanaka, akanga ane mutsa zvakakwana kuti apiwe brandy kune avo vaizova-vatora.
Vashanyi vakanga vasina kugamuchira vaeni. Vamwe vakasara vakapamba Vallejo pamwe chete nhengo dzakawanda dzemhuri yake ndokuenda navo ku Sacramento, kwavakasungwa kwemwedzi inoverengeka.
Munguva iyi, boka reapiyona rakaparidza republic republic. Uye vakagadzira mureza nemashoko okuti "California Republic" uye chifananidzo chebheri grizzly. Vamwe vevatarisi vakati vakatarisa sevenguruve. Zvinoratidzika kuti Bear Bear yakasikwa nemuzukuru waMary Todd Lincoln, mudzimai weMutungamiri Lincoln.
Piyona John Bidwell, uyo akanyora zvakawanda zvezviitiko zvakapoteredza "Bear Flag Revolt," akanyora kuti:
"Pakati pevarume vakasara kuti vabate Sonoma aiva William B. Ide, uyo aifunga kuti ari mutungamiri ... Mumwe murume akasiyiwa kuSomaoma aiva William L. Todd uyo akapfeka, pachidimbu chekotoni tsvuku, jare nehafu kana zvakadaro kureba, nepepuru yekare yepepuru kana yepepuru yaakazowana, zvaaida kuti ive mumiririri webheri grizzly. Izvi zvakasimudzwa kusvika kumusoro kwevashandi, mamwe mamita makumi manomwe kubva pasi. Native Californians kutarisa kumusoro kwacho kwakanzwika kuti 'Coche,' zita rinowanzozivikanwa pakati pavo nokuda kwevuruve kana kuputika. Makore makumi matatu apfuura ndakasangana naT Todd pachitima ichiuya kuS Sacramento Valley. Akange asina kuchinja zvikuru, asi akaonekwa zvakanyanya kuputsika mune hutano. Akandiudza kuti Mai Lincoln vaiva amai vake, uye kuti akakurira mumhuri yaAbraham Lincoln. "
Kwemazuva makumi maviri, bhegi rebhebhe rakamhanya pamusoro peSonoma sezvo vagari vadzo vakataura kuCalifornia hurumende yakazvimiririra. Asi hondo yacho yakava chikamu chehondo huru yeMexico-America. Mexico yakaguma yakarasikirwa nehondo uye yakagadzirirwa California kuUnited States.
Gare gare, moto wakatevera 1906 Kudengenyeka Kwenyika Kukuru kwakapisa ndokuparadza iyo yepakutanga bheza mureza. Asi, mweya waro unorarama. California yakagamuchira bhero chimiro chehurumende yehurumende.
Chikamu 2 cheSonoma County History kuuya nokukurumidza.