Irish Monk, Holy and Claim to Discover of America
Saint Brendan (muIrish Bréanainn , muIcelandic Brandanus ) weClonfert akararama munguva yekupera kwezana remakore rekutanga remakore rekutanga remakore rekutanga - uye pakati pevatsvene vakawanda veIreland vanozviti ivo mukurumbira ndiko kuwanikwa kweAmerica.
Kana kuti?
Akanga akazivikanwa semugwagwa wezvombo nemhaka yemashoko akataurwa pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvake mumusana usina kuzivikanwa. Icho chingangodaro chaisanganisira rwendo rwokuenda kuAmerica. Zviratidzo zvinogoneka. Asi chii chaicho chiri chokwadi chenhoroondo?
Ngationei nekukurumidza kuBrendan uye nechikepe chake.
The Historical Brendan
Kutanga nekutaurirana - sezvinowanzoitika, pane zvishoma zvinganyatsozivikanwa kana zvinyorwa zviripo pamusoro pezvakaitika Brendan. Mazuva ekufungidzirwa kwekuberekwa kwake uye rufu pamwe chete nhoroondo dzezviitiko zvehupenyu hwake zvinogona kuwanikwa mumabhuku ezvinyorwa uye madzinza. Izvo zvose ndezvekunyora, kufanana ne "Upenyu hwaBrendan" uye "Kuenda kwaSaint Brendan weAbbot". Izvo zvose zvinonakidza nenzira iyo inoratidza simba rake pamusoro pechiKristu muIreland. Asi zvose zvakanyora chaizvoizvo makore shure kwekufa kwake.
Brendan akaberekwa munenge ma484, tsika inoita izvi zvichiitika mukati kana kuti pedyo neTrlee ( County Kerry ). Akadzidziswa kubva pazera rechechi nevarume vechechi--mai, anonzi akabatana nechikoro chembairi cheSaint Jarlath muTuam pazera remakore matanhatu.
Akagadzwa semupristi naSaint Erc munharaunda ye512, Brendan akatanga basa roumishinari uye akazozivikanwa seumwe we "Vaapositori Gumi neVaviri veIreland".
Izvi zvakabatana nekutangira kwebasa rake se "Navigator" (uyewo "Voyager" kana, zvishoma nezvishoma "Bold") - Brendan achisarudza hove-based mission kumativi ose uye zvitsuwa zve (kana kuti kure) Ireland. Kuva akashinga akaendererawo kuScotland, Wales neBrittany ... vakatanga nheyo dzevanamwari munzira.
Munguva iyi, Brendan akaunganidza boka remamonki akabatana naye pakuedza kuenda ku "Nyika yeZvimbiso", paradhiso yepasi yemarudzi, kwete kuti irege kuvhiringidzwa ne "nyika yakavimbiswa" yakanyanya kuvimbiswa munzvimbo yeIsrael nhasi.
The Brendan Travel - an Irish Tradition
"Rwendo rweSaint Brendan" rwuri chikamu chechimiro - uye chikamu chemafirimu anozivikanwa zvikuru muIreland yekare, iyo " immram ". Kufamba nekunyora kunosanganisira vane masimba, mabhazi uye kutsvaga nyika iri nani. Kufanana nenyika yenyika isingaperi, Tir naNOg , kazhinji inotsanangurwa sechitsuwa kumadokero kweIreland, kure, kunyange kunze kwekumucheto kwenyika.
Iris Irish immram yakakurumbira zvikuru muzana remakore rechinomwe nechisere, shanduro dzekutanga dzekufambisa kwaBrndan dzingangodaro dzanyorwa panguva ino, dzakagumburwa nedzimwe nyaya. Izvo zvinoita kuti zvisakwanise kuziva kuti zvikamu zvipi "zvepakutanga", zvikamu zvipi zvinyorwa uye ndezvipi (zvishoma kana zvishoma) nhoroondo dzechokwadi.
Synopsis Yakanyanya Kukuruka yeBurndan Voyage
Sezvo nyaya yacho iripo mune dzimwe shanduro, heino mafupa asina kujeka: Brendan anobuda neboka revateveri (kwete ivo vose pavari vatendi) kuwana "Isle of the Blessed" kana "Land of Promise", zvisiri izvo Christianized version yeTir naNOg uye inenge denga panyika (kana paradhiso).
Parwendo urwu vazhinji vanogara vakamirira ... kubva kune zvisikwa zvezvisikwa kune zvinyorwa zvemhuka. Uye muedzo, nguva dzose muedzo.
Panzvimbo ((zvichida) Gungwa reKerry, Brendan anovaka chikepe chechiIrish chinonzi wattle, chinoifukidza nemicheka yakaita tanned uye, mushure mokunge ichifanira kushanda kwemazuva makumi mana, inoenda kumazuva ekuvira kwezuva. Chikonzero chekuita izvi? Sezviri pachena Saint Barrid ave aripo, akazviita uye akaudza nyaya yacho, saka Brendan akawana tsvina zvakare.
Kunze kwavanoenda kubva kuchitsuwa kusvika kune zvitsuwa uye kumativi ose emvura. Kuungana (pakati pevamwe) madhiyabhorosi eEtiopia, shiri dzinoimba mapisarema, vasati vakura, vatongi vese, tsime nemvura inoshanda sechisimba chinopesana, "zvisikwa zvegungwa" zvakasiyana-siyana zvinourayana mumwe nomumwe, griffon, Judhasi pazororo kubva kugehena, chikafu chinopedzerwa nechinangwa chetter uye zvakadaro ... kusvikira vazosvika ku "Nyika yeZvimbiso", yakakwirira-shanu, ichienda kumba uye ndizvo.
Kubvarura zvinhu, asi kwete chaizvo zvakagadzirwa Nobel Prize. Uye, kazhinji kutaura, kukurudzirwa kunoramba kuri kutungamirira hupenyu hwakanaka, hwechiKristu.
The American Connection
Zvimwe zvezviitiko muBurndan Travel zvakave zvichishandurwa sezvitsanangudzo zvenzvimbo chaiyo. Kunze kwezviri pachena sechitsuwa chinonyura apo madamoni anovhenekera moto pauri ... hauna kupisa moto pamhawi. Asi tora chiwi chinogarwa nerudzi rwevashambadziri vanopisa, vachikandira mazimbe anopenya kune vafambi. Izvi zvinogona kunge iri Iceland, yakakwana nebasa rinoputika?
Pakupedzisira izvi zvose zvinoenderana nekuti unoverenga sei Brendan Travel, kwete kuti yakanyorwa sei ...
Uye izvo zvinoshanda kune kuwanikwa kweAmerica zvakare. Izvo zvinobva pakufungidzira kuti kana iwe uchifamba kumavirira kubva kuIreland mushure mokunge uAmerica. Ichokwadi ichokwadi ... kana iwe unobata nzira yechokwadi uye hauna kudzorerwa kuGreenland, Iceland, Canary Islands, maAzores kana kune imwewo nzvimbo. Yeuka kuti munhu wokupedzisira achiona America akafunga kuti akanga asvika muIndia.
Izvo chete mushure mokunge immram yaBrendan yave inenge yakanyatsoshandiswa kune chaiyo yezvinyengeri refu, kupinda kune vakadaro vakadai seUlysses neSinbad, pfungwa yakasvika yokuti pano isu tine "uchapupu" hwekuti vaIrish vaiva vekutanga veEurope kusvika kuMelika. Imwe inogona kududzirwa yemashoko ... asi pasina chokwadi chaiyo.
Uchapupu hweKunogona - Tim Severin
Mumwe muongorori weBritain, munyori wenhau dzakaitika uye munyori Tim Severin (uyo akanyorawo ruzivo rwakakanganiswa pamusoro pezvakaitika zveHector Lynch, akadzingwa kubva kuIreland neBarbary corsairs) akaedza kudzorerazve rwendo rwaBrendan muupenyu chaihwo. Muna 1976 akavaka chidimbu chechikepe chaBrendan nechigadzirwa chemhando chete, mamita gumi nemana pakureba, akabatanidzwa pamwe chete nematehwe ematehwe uye akaiswa chisimbiso nechinhu asi mafuta emvere.
Kuenda kune gungwa muna May 1976, Severin nevashandi vevamwe vaifamba navo vaifambisa "Brendan" parwendo rwemakiromita anopfuura 7 000 kubva kuIreland kuenda kuNewfoundland, akazadzwa nekumira-muIceland. Panguva yekuvaraidza kwekufambisa kwaBrendan, Severin akaedza kuziva hupenyu hwechokwadi-hwezvinhu " zvinonzwisisika " zviri mu immram . Havasi vose vavo, asi nhamba yakanaka.
Izvo, pamwe chete nechokwadi chisina chokwadi chokuti Severin akakwanisa kufamba nechikepe "Brendan" kuNorth America, inotungamirira chimwe chiziviso kune "American Connection" ... asi haifaniri kuonekwa seuchapupu. Icho chikepe chaiyo chinoshandiswa panguva yekufambisa inochengeterwa paCraggaunowen Museum. Kuti uwane tsanangudzo inofadza, verenga Severin's book, The Brendan Voyage .
Uye Brendan ... Akaenda Kupi?
Akaramba achifamba, akatanga nheyo dzakawanda uye akazofa muna 577, zuva rake remabiko rinopembererwa musi waMay 16. Inowanzofungidzirwa kuti aibatanidzwa muClonfert Cathedral.