South Africa yakazadzwa nezvishamiso zvinoshamisa, uye kune vashanyi vanoenda kuchamhembe kwenyika, Sudwala Cave iri pakati pezvinonakidza zvikuru. Yakagadzirwa kubva padombo rePambambrian kupfuura mamiriyoni mazana emakore apfuura, pako system inotendwa kuti ndeye yekare kudarika Pasi. Inowanikwa nemaminitsi makumi matatu emotokari kubva muguta reNelspruit, uye yakawana mukurumbira seimwe yenzvimbo dzakakurumbira dzinoshanyira nzvimbo dziri muMpumalanga Province.
Madziro Aive Akagadzirwa Sei
Makamba eSudwala akavezwa kubva kuMalmani Dolomite Ridge, iyo iriwo chikamu chekududzirwa kweDrakensberg . Nzvimbo yacho inotanga kusvika panguva yekutanga yenhoroondo yepasi - iyo nguva yePamberi. Izvi zvinogadzira matombo akapoteredza mapako anenge makore emamiriyoni 3 000 akare; kunyange zvazvo mapako pachavo akatanga kutanga kuumba akawanda gare gare (anenge mamiriyoni 240 emakore apfuura). Kuti iise izvi mumamiriro ezvinhu, pako purogiramu yacho inodzokera kune imwe nguva apo nyika yakagadzirwa nema-super-continent-achiita Sudwala akare kupfuura Africa pachayo.
Iko purogiramu inoratidza maitiro eKarst topography, iyo inotipa ruzivo rwekuti yakagadzirwa sei. Pamakumi ezviuru zvezviuru zvemakore, mvura yakasviba yakawanda inokonzera carbon dioxide yakanatsa kuburikidza nedombo rakanyanyisa reMalmani Dolomite Ridge, richiwedzera kukurumidza munzira yayo. Zvishoma nezvishoma zvakaparadza calcium carbonate mu dolomite, kuunganidza pamwe nekuputika kwepanyama uye kuputsika uye kuwedzera kwacho kupfuura nguva.
Pakupedzisira, utera uhwu mudombo hwakava mumapako uye mabhavha, ayo ekupedzisira akabatana nevamwe kuti vagadzire hurongwa sezvatunoziva nhasi. Pakutanga, mabako akanga azere nemvura, ayo akadonha kubva padenga kuti aite fantastical rock formations inozivikanwa se stalactites, stalagmites, mbiru uye mbiru.
Nhoroondo yevanhu
Zvokuchera matongo zvinoratidza kuti Sudwala Caves yaimbogarwa nemunhu wepakutanga. Dombo rekare Matombo anoshandiswa pavanopinda mumapako anobva kune mamiriyoni maviri emakore akapfuura kusvika zviuru zvishomanana BC.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, mapako aya akapa nzvimbo yekupotera Swazi muchinda ainzi Somquba. Somquba akamanikidzwa kutizira kuSwaziland muchikamu chechipiri chezana remakore rechi19, mushure mekuedza kutadza kubata chigaro kubva kumunin'ina wake Mswati. Zvisinei, mutungamiri akadzingwa akaenderera mberi achitungamirira varume vake pamusoro pemuganhu kuti atange kurwisa uye kuba mombe; uye paakadzokera kuSouth Africa, chibvumirano chinobva kune izvi chinyorwa chakachengetedzwa kuSudwala. Somquba nemasoja ake zvakare vakashandisa mapako senhare, zvichida nekuda kwemvura zhinji yakawanda uye kuti zvaive nyore nyore kuzvidzivirira.
Mapako aya anonzi mushure mekunge gurukota guru reSomquba uye mukuru, Sudwala, uyo aiwanzosiyiwa ari mutariri wenhare. Nhoroondo yemunharaunda inove nayo kuti mweya waSudwala unoramba uchivhiringidza gomba system nhasi. Iyi handiyo chete makuhwa akapoteredza mapako. Panguva yeHondo yeChipiri yeBoer, hovha yakawanda yegoridhe bullion yeTransvaal Republic yakanyangarika apo ichiendeswa kune rimwe guta muMpumalanga kuchengetedza.
Vakawanda vanodavira kuti goridhe yakavanzwa muSudwala Caves-kunyange zvazvo kuedza kwakawanda kwekuwana fuma kwave kusati kwabudirira.
Mahara Mazuva Ano
Muna 1965, mapako acho akatengwa naFiripi Rudolf Owen wePitoli, uyo akazovhura kuvaruzhinji. Nhasi, vashanyi vanogona kudzidza pamusoro pezvinhu zvinoshamisa zve geological nehupenyu hwevanhu pane imwe yeawa inotungamirirwa, iyo inokutora mamita 600 mubako remakamuri uye anenge mamita 150 pasi peNyika. Migwagwa yacho yakanyatsorongedzwa nemarambi emagetsi anosimbisa mapako 'anonyanya kufadza uye maitiro. Rwendo runorongwa nguva dzose, uye kumirira kwakanyanya kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu paanosvika.
Izvo zvinokurumidza zvinoda kuisa chikwangwani che Crystal Tour, icho chinoitika paMugovera wekutanga wemwedzi wega wega. Zvinokutora iwe mamita 2 000 mumvura yakadzika yemapako, kune kamuri inopenya nezviuru zvearagonite crystals.
Haisi yevane moyo yakapera simba, zvakadaro. Nzira yacho inosanganisira yakasimba spelunking kuburikidza nechiuno-mvura yakadzika uye tunalog chete yakakura zvokuti inogona kutamba. Zera nemiganhu inorema zvinoshandiswa, uye rwendo haruna kukodzera kuti claustrophobics nevaya vane matambudziko kumashure kana kumabvi. Iko Crystal Tour inofanira kushandiswa mavhiki mashoma mberi.
Zvinhu Zvokuona
Chikuru chekushanyira kuSudwala Caves iAmphitheater, kamuri rinoshamisa pamwoyo wezvinonetsa zvinosvika mamita makumi matanhatu nemakure uye inokwira mamita makumi matatu nemaviri kusvika kune denga rakanaka rakakwirira. Zvimwe zviitiko zvakakurumbira zvinosanganisira Shongwe yaSamsoni, Mhemberi Inonzi Screaming uye Rocket, yekare kudarika iyo yakave yakarongeka pamakore mazana maviri emamiriyoni. Sezvaunenge uchidzungaira mumapako, ramba uchinge wanyatsoona zvinyorwa zvezvitsva zvekare zvinonzi Collenia. Icho chifukidzo chiriwo musha kune imwe nyika yevarwi vanodarika mazana mapfumbamwe emashamba emhashu.
Paunenge wakamirira kutenderera kwako kuti utange, iva nechokwadi chekutarisa mahedheni ekutanga asati aonekwa pasuo. Mushure mokunge, rambai muchidaidza nekushanyira kunzvimbo yeSpain Spa, kana kutarisa kweSudwala Dinosaur Park. Kukwezva uku kwakakurumbira kune mamita 100 kubva kure uye inoratidza hupenyu hwemhando yehupenyu hwemhuka dzepamberi uye dinosaurs dzakagadzirirwa mukati memahombekombe akanaka. Iwe unogona kuonawo mbongoro uye shiri dzinoshamisa dzichigara dzakasununguka mukati mepaki, asi kuratidzwa kwemaKirekosi Nile kunopemberera mhuka dzakasvibirira 'mazera emadzitateguru ekare.
Nzira Yokushanyira Makamuri eSudwala
Masango eSudwala anowanikwa mumugwagwa weR539, unobatanidza kusvika kuN4 huru kumativi ekumusoro kusvika kuchamhembe uye kumaodzanyemba kweNelspruit (guta guru reMpumalanga Province). Inotora maawa 3.5 kubva kuKruger National Park, uye inogumira zvakanaka kune vatashanyi vanofamba nemugwagwa kuenda kuJohannesburg. Mapako anozaruka zuva nezuva kubva 8:30 am kusvika 4:30 pm. Matengo aya anotevera:
R95 pamunhu mukuru
R80 mumwe wepenjeni
R50 mumwe mwana (pasi pe16)
Kusununguka kune vana pasi pe4
Inotenderera yeCristal inotengesa paR450 pamunhu mumwe nomumwe, uye inoda kuiswa mari yeR200. Kana iwe uchida kutora rwendo asi haungavi munharaunda yeMugovera wekutanga wemwedzi, zvinogona kugadzirisa rwendo rwakasiyana panguva yekusarudza kwako kumapoka mashanu kana kupfuura.
Nekugara kweusiku, nzvimbo dzakasarudzwa dzokugara dzinosanganisira Sudwala Lodge uye Pierre's Mountain Inn. Iyo yekare iri mamiriyoni mashanu motokari kubva mumapako, uye inopa sarudzo yemakamuri-anogamuchirwa nemakamuri ezvokudya zvekuzvigadzirira anogara mumunda unoyevedza wakakwana nedziva rokudhakira. Iyi yekupedzisira inopa makamuri matatu-mana ezvinyorwa uye imwe resitorendi mukati memakiromita ekufamba mumasuo emapako.