VaMaya vokuCentral America vane imwe yenyika dzakawanda dzekare kare. Yakanga ine mazana emaguta makuru uye akapfuma akapararira kumaodzanyemba kweMexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, uye kumavirira kweHonduras.
Pakazosvika 250-900 CE, kubudirira kwevaMaya kwaiva pakakwirira. Yakanga iri panguva iyi iyo maguta anoshamisa uye mahedheni akavakwa semugumisiro wekufambira mberi kwavo mukuvaka. Yakanga iriwo panguva ino iyo maMeans akaita zvigadzirwa zvezvakaitika mumasikati semasvomere.
Pakupera kwepanguva iyo uye nzvimbo dzakakura dzeMayan dzakatanga kupinda mukuderera kwezvikonzero zvisingazivikanwi nevanyori vezvakaitika kare nevasayendisiti. Kukundikana kwakaguma nekuregererwa kwemaguta makuru. Panguva iyo vaSpain vakawana nzvimbo, maMeans akanga atogara mumaduku maduku, mashoma ane simba. Chimiro cheMayan uye ruzivo rwakanga ruri mukutora kurasikirwa.
Yakawanda yemaguta akare yakatorwa nedondo sezvo nguva yakapfuura, iyo yakazochengetedza yakawanda yezvivakwa zvakawanikwa kusvika. Nepo kune mazana emaMean archaeological sites muCentral America, heano zvimwe zvezvatinoda.
01 ye15
Xunantunich (Belize)
Xunantunich Belize. NaIan Mackenzie | Flickr Xunantunich iri muCayo District pedyo neguta reGuatemalan. Yaiva kamwe musangano wakarongedza kubva munguva yekupedzisira. Zita rayo, zvinoreva kuti "mukadzi webwe," rinoreva mweya wemukadzi anonzi anogara panzvimbo ino kubva pakutanga kwema1890.
Xunantunich ine maberere matanhatu uye makumi maviri emadzimambo. Inonzi inonzi yechipiri chinonyanya kukosha chimiro cheMayan muBelize mushure meCaracol.
Iyo yakakurumbira pakati pevashanyi nokuda kwekunaka kwayo uye ine musamu madiki umo iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro penyaya yake.
02 ye15
Cuello (Belize)
Iyi nzvimbo yekuchera matongo iri kuchamhembe kweBelize. Izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakasiyana ndezvokuti iwe unogonazve kuona nzvimbo dzekugara dzaivepo. Ikoko kune chikamu chekugadzirisa kwaisimbova kushambidza kwemhepo kunofanirwa kuve kubva muna 900 BCE Kunzvimbo dzekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakapa archaeologists mufananidzo wakanaka wehupenyu hweMayan nehupfumi hwakafanana nekerubamic.
Nzvimbo iyi iri munyika yega asi mhuri inobvumira vashanyi kuti vaone nzvimbo yacho.
03 we15
Caracol (Belize)
Caracol Pyramids. Matt Champlin / Getty Images Caracol inowanikwawo mudunhu reCayo mukati meChiquibul Forest Reserve, anenge makiromita makumi mana kubva kuXunantunich. Yakanga iri imwe yenzvimbo dzakakosha dzezvematongerwe enyika kana nzvimbo dzakaderera munguva dzechikoro.
Kunze kwekuve nzvimbo yakakura yeMayan kuBelize, inewo ine zvivako zvakakura zvenyika. Pakave nemakuva makumi manomwe akafuridzirwa uye hueroglyfu dzinoverengeka dzakafukurwa, zvichiita kuti ive nzvimbo inokosha zvikuru kune vanochera matongo.
04 we15
Cerro Maya (Belize)
Guta reCroro Maya sekare rakave rinokosha zvikuru rekutengeserana kune mamwe maguta ari munharaunda yacho. Guta iri raifungidzirwa kuti riri pamwero waro kusvika kumagumo e-pre-classical period. Iwe uchaiwana iri kuchamhembe kwegungwa reBelize. Kuti uende ikoko, unogona kuenda nechikepe kana motokari. Kufamba nemotokari kunopa ruzivo rwakasiyana nemafungiro akanaka.
Iwe unogona kukwira kumusoro kwechivakwa chayo chakareba kwazvo uye kuwana maonero makuru eCaribbean.
05 of 15
Lamanai (Belize)
Jaguar Tempile paLamanai. Witold Skrypczak / Getty Images Iwe uchawana Ramanai munharaunda yekuchamhembe yeBelize muAlexander District. Chii chinoita kuti nzvimbo iyi ive yakasiyana ndeyekuti iyo yaiva imwe yemaguta eMayan aive akagara kwenguva refu kwenguva. Yakanga yakavakwa munguva yekutanga-yekare uye yakanga ichiri nzvimbo ine simba apo vaSpanish vakasvika. Ndiyo mamiriyoni matatu eMayan anogaramo.
06 of 15
Altun Ha (Belize)
Iyi nzvimbo yeMayan inowanikwawo kuchamhembe kweBelize, pedyo neBelize City uye Gungwa reCaribbean. Pamberi pezvokuchera matongo zvatanga kutarisirwa, mamwe ematombo kubva pazvivako akashandiswa nevanhu vekuvaka kuvaka dzimba dzavo.
Nzvimbo yakakura pane dzose dzakaoma (Temple of the Masonry altars) inowanikwa muhope yewaini yemo. Nzvimbo iyi shoma yakakwana kwekushanyira kwemazuva mashomanana.
07 we15
Tikal (Guatemala)
Turkei dzomusango muTikal National Park. Marina K. Villatoro Tikal yaimbova guta guru. Vakawanda vanofunga nezvazvo sevane simba kupfuura mamwe maguta eMayan. Nzvimbo yacho yakakura. Kana iwe uchida zvechokwadi kuongorora zvose zvaunofanira kupa, iwe unofanirwa kupedza paurusi usiku huri mairi kana kudzoka zuva rinotevera.
Kana iwe uchinge uine zuva rimwe chete, iva nechokwadi chokuti iwe unofamba uchienda kunzvimbo yechipikicha chikuru uye uite nzira yako pamusoro peTemberi # 4. Iyi ndiyo yakakwirira pane imwe nzvimbo uye inopa maonero anoshamisa.
Nzvimbo iyi inozivikanwawo nemhuka dzayo dzesango kubva kumonke kusvika kune dzimwe nyika. Avo vanopedza usiku vanogona kutoona mamwe majagu usiku.
08 we15
Yaxhá (Guatemala)
Yaxhá yakashandiswa kuva nzvimbo yepamhemberero uye iri pakati pemadziro maviri. Inofungidzirwa seimwe chezvinhu zvakavanzika zvakachengetedzwa zvenyika yeMayan. Iwe unenge wakaponeswa kuti hapazovi nemapoka apo iwe uchitsvaga muzinda wamambo, chidimbu chezvinhu zvekudenga, nemigwagwa yaro inobhururuka.
Yaxhá ine zvivako zvinopfuura 500, 40 stelae, 13 aritari, uye mapiramidi mapfumbamwe.
09 we15
El Mirador (Guatemala)
El Mirador. Geoff Gallice / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY 2.0 El Mirador ndiro guta rakatora korona kubva kuTikal semuzinda mukuru weMean inowanikwa. Ichowo musha kune imwe yemapiramidi makuru munyika yakavakwa munguva yekare.
Nzvimbo iyi yakawanikwa mumakore makumi emakore apfuura. Iyo yakakura zvikuru uye yakavigwa zvakadzama mumasango kuti hapasisina zvigadziridzo zvekutsigira kutarisa. Kuti uende ikoko, unotora kutora kwemazuva mashanu musango kana kuwana helikopta. Ndinofara, vashanyi vakagamuchirwa kumisasa iyo inoita kuti kufamba kunokosha zvikuru kune vanhu vanofarira kurara mukati guru kunze.
10 pa15
Takalik Abaj (Guatemala)
Iwe uchawana Takalik Abaj kumaodzanyemba kweGuatemala muDhipatimendi reRetalhuleu. Takalik Abaj yaiva nzvimbo yakakosha yekutengeserana munguva yekare-yekare uye yekare. Munguva dzemazuva ano, inozivikanwa senzvimbo iyo yakabudisa nhamba huru yezvifananidzo zvekare uye mifananidzo yeGuatemala uye ine hydraulic system iyo inosanganisira imwe rudzi rweMayan sauna.
11 pa15
Iximche (Guatemala)
Temberi 1 ne2 kuIximche. chensiyuan / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY 4.0 Iximche inharaunda shoma iri munzvimbo dzakakwirira dzeGuatemala. Kunyange zvazvo isiri seinoyevedza sevamwe vanhu vakuru, nzvimbo yacho inopa maonero anoshamisa emakomo akapoteredza.
Munguva dzeMayan, Iximche yaiva nhare pamusoro pegomo risina kuonekwa kusvikira vaSpain vasvika. Mushure mokunge wakundwa, yakashandurwa ikava guta guru rekutanga reGuatemala uye yose yeCentral America.
Kana iwe uchifamba nenzira yose kuenda kumashure iwe uchawana aritari iyo ichiri kushandiswa nemaMeya emazuva ano pamitambo yavo.
12 pa15
Quirigua (Guatemala)
Quirigua iri muIzabal Department. Haisi imwe yenzvimbo dzakakwirira. Yakanga iri pachirwere chepakati penyika yekare uye yaimbova inokosha yeuto remauto nekutengeserana kwenharaunda yacho. Chinoita kuti chive chakasiyana uye chakakosha ndechekuti mukati maro mune magwaro akawanda akanyorwa pamusoro peimwe nzvimbo yakakwirira kupfuura dzose muNyika Itsva.
13 pa15
Joya de Cerén (El Salvador)
Joya de Cerén - El Salvador. NaStefan Krasowski | Flickr Uchawana Joya de Cerén munharaunda yeEl Salvador. Yaiva guta rekurima raive nemakore anenge 200 chete. Yakasiyiwa nekuda kwekuvhuvhuta kweLaguna Caldera.
Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo inokosha zvikuru yeMean nokuti ndiyo imwe yezvishoma inoratidza kuti boka rezasi rakagara sei. Hakuna dzimba huru kana dzimba dzevakuru. Pane kudaro, unowana dzimba shomanana dzine zvitatu kana zvikamu zvina zvakashanda semakamuri, makicheni, kana saunas.
14 pa15
Tazumal (El Salvador)
Tazumal iri muSanta Ana Dhipatimendi reEl Salvador. Iko mune imwe nzvimbo ine dzimwe nzvimbo dzechina uye yakagara kwekanguva kwemazana zana. Tazumal inoratidza nzira yakanyatsogadzirwa nayo kubudirira kweMayan yakava nematemberi avo makuru uye mvura.
Izvo zvivako pano hazvisi maMayan chete, zvisinei. Vanhu veguta racho vakakurudzirwa naCopán uye veToltecs uye inoratidzira pamagariro avo, zvichiita kuti ive yakasiyana.
Kunze kwezvivako, iva nechokwadi chekuona mamwe stelae uye mashoma ematongo makumi maviri nemaviri akawanikwa mairi.
15 pa15
Copan (Honduras)
Copan Ruinas - Honduras. Marina K. Villatoro Copan iri kumadokero kweHonduras inonyanya kufarirwa kune vanofamba uye inokosha kune masayendisiti. Uye zvakakodzera kudaro. Matani uye matani emifananidzo, mifananidzo, kuveza, nekushongedza zvakawanikwa mazviri. Vose vanobatsira kuburitsa nhoroondo yeguta rino.
Iri raiva rimwe remaguta ane simba zvikuru kumaodzanyemba kweMaya asi akazopedzisira akundwa neQuirigua.