Glossary yemashoko pamusoro peDía de los Muertos
Día de Muertos ihotera yeMexico inokudza nekupemberera mweya yeavo vakapfuura. Mhemberero dzakapoteredza nguva yezororo iyi ine mijenya yakawanda inogona kuva yakaoma kunzwisisa, kunyanya kuvanhu vasingazivi nemazwi anoshandiswa kutaura pamusoro paro. Heano mamwe mazwi mashoko angangobatsira kunzwisisa Zuva reMexico reMhemberero yevakafa .
01 ye17
Atari
Gabriel Perez / Getty Images Nezuva revakafa, vanhu vazhinji vanoisa aritari (inonziwo marerendas , "zvipo") mumisha yavo kuti varemekedze vadiwa vavo vakafa. Ikoko kunogona kunge kune maaritari akaiswa muzvikoro, mabhizinesi uye nzvimbo dzevanhu vose. Chimiro cheatari chinogona kusiyana, asi kazhinji kacho chiine matanho akawanda uye chizere nemakenduru, maruva, michero nezvimwe zvinhu zvekudya. Mhepo inotendwa kuti idye chinangwa chezvokudya zvakasara kwavari. Tsvaga kuti ungaita sei zuva rako reArafa Yakafa , kana kuona mifananidzo yemamwe maatari .
02 of 17
Angelitos
Angelitos "ingirozi duku." Izwi iri rinoshandiswa kutaura pamusoro pevana vakafa uye vanotenda kuti vanodzoka usiku hwemakore makumi matatu nemashanu, uye vanogara zuva raNovember 1, kushanyira nemhuri dzavo. Mweya yevanhu vakuru vakafa vanoshanyira zuva rinotevera. Maatari anowanzogadzirwa nenzira inokosha yekugamuchira angelitos , uye zvimwe zvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai semidzanga uye mabhodhoro ezvinwiwa, zvinowedzerwa gare gare, apo mweya yakaipa inosvika.lo.tangelini / Flickr / CC BY-SA 2.0 03 of 17
Calaca
Iyi ndiyo Mexican Spanish slang shoko remasaga. Calacas inoratidzika zvakajeka muZuva revakafa vakafa. Dzimwe nguva izwi rokuti "La Calaca" rinoshandiswa kuratidza rufu rwevanhu. Mamwe mazwi ayo anoshandiswawo mukufananidzira kwekufa anosanganisira "la Pelona" (ibhadhi), "la Flaca" (ganda), "la Huesuda" (bony one). Izvi zvose zvinoshandiswa mumhando yevakadzi.RociH / Pixabay 04 we17
Calavera
Jorge Nava / Flickr / CC BY-SA 2.0 A calavera ibhehenya , calaverita ibheki duku, uye calavera de azucar ishega yegawani . Izvi zvinowanikwa paatari uye kazhinji ine zita remunhu akafa rakanyorwa pahuma - kana sechitambo chekunyora, zita romumwe munhu achiri mupenyu.
05 of 17
Catrina, La
Metropolitan Museum of Art / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain La Catrina chimiro chakasikwa neMexicoan lithographer uye illustrator Jose Guadalupe Posada (1852-1913). La Catrina iboka revakadzi rinopfekedzwa nenzira yevakadzi vepamusoro-vakadzi venguva. Posada akatanga nheyo yekuratidza zviitiko zvemazuva ano sezvipfeko nenzira inoseka sechimiro chekugarisana nevanhu. La Catrina akazova munhu akakurumbira muZuva revakafa vakarongedza nemhemberero.
06 of 17
Cempasuchil
Rudzi urwu rwemuva runozivikanwawo seflor de muerto , uye rinoshandiswa muZuva reArafa Akafa uye kurongedza makuva. Inokura zvizhinji panguva ino yegore muMexico uye kunhuhwira kwayo kunonzi kunokwezva mweya inouya kuzoshanyira avo vanodiwa vanofa nokuda kweZuva revakafa.Sergio Mendoza Hochmann / Getty Images 07 we17
Kuenzanisa
Zuva revakafa rinofananidzwa kuMexico City. SEASTOCK / Getty Images A comparsa ichitambo chekudya-chikafu chinopfekedzwa vanhu mumapfekete uye kutamba. Comparsas inotora chikamu chinokosha muZuva reOaxaca reMhemberero Yakafa , uko zvipfeko zvinoshamisa nekusika uye zvinoshamisa.
08 we17
Copal
Copal isenzi yakagadzirwa neshinda inobva pamuti wezita rimwe chete. Copal yezvinonhuwira yakapiswa muMesoamerica munguva yekare, uye ichiri kupiswa pamhemberero chaiyo uye inowanzoiswa musi kana kuti pedyo neZuva reArafa Akafa, sechimwe chinhu chinoshandiswa kuisa mweya. Izwi rokuti copal rinobva pashoko rechiNahuatl rokuti copalli , rinoreva "rusenzi".ML Harris / Getty Images 09 of 17
Fieles Difuntos
Fieles Difuntos zvinoreva "vakatendeka vakabva" uye izwi rinoreva kushevedzera kweKaturike kweMweya yose. MuKatorike, kurangarirwa kana kukudzwa kwevose vakatendeka vakabva kunopembererwa musi we2Vevhu, asi November 1 isangano reVatsvene vose, Todos los Santos .© Suzanne Barbezat 10 pa17
Hanal Pixan
Kuita mucbipollo kuna Hanal Pixan. Marysol * / Flickr / CC BY-SA 2.0 Munzvimbo yeMaya, Zuva reMhemberero dzakafa dzinonzi Hanal Pixan . Chimwe chezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana nezvemaitiro ayo AmaMaya vanopemberera Zuva revakafa ndeyekugadzira kudya kwakakosha kwechiitiko, semucbipollo , iyo inomirira tambo huru iyo yakabikwa mumugodhi wepasi.
11 pa17
Mictlan
Nzvimbo yeropa reTzompantli Aztec. © Suzanne Barbezat Mictlan yaiva nzvimbo yevakafa veAztecs, iyo yakaderera pasi yepasi. Mictlantecuhtli ndiye mwari uyo akatungamira pamusoro pechinhu ichi chepasi, pamwe nemudzimai wake, Mictlancíhuatl. Mumutauro wePehispanic, iyi ndiyo nzvimbo vakafa vaizofamba kubva kuti vadzokerezve vadiwa vavo.
12 pa17
Ofrenda
Ofrenda zvinoreva "kupa" muchiSpanish, uye kana uchitaura nezveZuva reMhemberero dzakafa, rinoshandiswa kureva zvinhu zvinowanikwa paatari yemweya. Dzimwe nguva aritari pachayo inofanirwa kuva sererenda .Patricia Marroquin / Getty Images 13 pa17
Pan de muerto
Vasikana vanotengesa Pan de Muerto nokuda kweZuva revakafa muOaxaca, Mexico. Zvidhori Mifananidzo / UIG / Getty Images Chimwe chezvokudya izvo zvinowanzobatanidzwa neZuva revakafa rudzi rwakakosha rwechingwa chinonzi pan de muerto , zvinoreva "chingwa chevakafa." Chikafu chinogona kunyanya kubva munzvimbo kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo, dzimwe nguva yakafanana neka pan de yema , chingwa chakachena chakaitwa nemazai evha, kana kuti inogona kunge yakave yakachena mutsvuku nemapfupa akaumbwa pamusoro. Pan de muerto inoshandiswa paatari, uye inopedzwawo, kazhinji inodyiwa mukofi kana chokoti yakatsva.
14 pa17
Papel picado
Valerie Hinojosa / Flickr / CC BY-SA 2.0 Papel picado inogadzira mapepa anocheka anoshandiswa muMexico nokuda kwekushongedza kwemazororo ose uye feestas. Nezuva revakafa papel picado rinowanikwa kumativi ose eatari, uye rinowedzera ruvara kuatari. Vamwe vanoti zvinhu zvina zviripo muatari uye kufamba kwepapel picado kunomirira mweya.
15 pa17
Tapete de arena
Lucy Nieto / Flickr / CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeMexico, zvigadzirwa zvejecha kana kuti tapestries ( tapetes de arena ) chikamu chinokosha chekupemberera. Izvi zvakasikwa nejecha uye kurudziwa uye dzimwe nguva zvimwe zvikamu zvakadai sembeu, nyemba, maruva emasera uye sawdust, uye zvinogona kuratidzira mhemberero dzechitendero, asi kakawanda dzinoratidza rufu nenzira inotamba.
16 pa17
Todos los Santos
© Suzanne Barbezat Todos los Santos "Vose Vasande." Yakapembererwa musi wokutanga waNovember, rino ndiro zuva rokutanga reZuva revakafa (Dia de los Muertos) kupemberera, apo vana vakafa nevana, los angelitos , vanokudzwa, sezvo vanotenda kuti vakafa kare mweya yavo isingagoni kuva sullied by sin. Zvimwe pamusoro pekupemberera kweKaturike kweZuva Rose Vatsvene.
17 pa17
Xantolo
FlickrVision / Getty Images Xantolo inopemberera mhiri kwezuva revakafa. Inopembererwa munzvimbo yeHuasteca yeMexico, iyo iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweMexico uye inosanganisira zvikamu zvehurumende dzeHidalgo, Veracruz, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, uye Querétaro. Mhemberero dzeCantolo dzinosanganisira mitambo yakakosha. Verenga zvakawanda nezve Xantolo.