The Quintessential Louisiana Dish
Gumbo inogona kunge iri kuLossaa inonyanya kushandiswa uye yakagadzirirwa kudya. Kune zviyero zvakapetwa kaviri pakuwanda kwepfuma sezvo pane mhuri dziri muhurumende, uye munhu wese anofunga kuti nzira yemhuri yavo ndiyo yakanakisisa. Asi chii ichocho , chaizvoizvo? Chii chinoita kuti chive chakasiyana pane muto wekugara? Ndezvipi zvinoshandiswa ndezvetsika? Ngatitsvake zvakadzika.
A Quick History
"Gumbo" yakatanga kubudiswa mukudhinda dzimwe nguva mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi18, asi inogona kunge yakatanga kutaura nezvechitoro chakanga changove chakatora okra.
Iyo ndiro inongova-in-Louisiana kuwirirana kweAfrica, Native American, Spanish, German, German uye French cuisine uye zvigadzirwa. Zita rokuti "gumbo" rinogona kunge rinouya kubva kuBantu (West West) mutauro wekra, "kingombo," kana kuti izwi reChoctaw rokuti filé, "kombo."
Saka chii chiri muGumbo, Zvakadaro?
Chinonyanya kuita kuti gumbo gumbo isinganzwisisiki uye inogona kuva nharo yekukakavadzana pakati pevaRausanese vakasiyana-siyana vanove nechokwadi chokuti recipe yavo ndiyo yakarurama. Zvose zviya zvine zvinhu zvishoma zvakafanana, zvakadaro. Nokuti anotanga, nguva dzose anowirirana neimwe kana kupfuura pane zvinotevera:
- Rima roux (musanganiswa wemafuta uye upfu, yakabikwa zvishoma nezvishoma pane stovetop)
- Okra (yemiriwo inoshandura slimy uye viscous kana ichibika)
- Filé powder (a spice uye thickening agent anoshandiswa kubva kumawakasva sassafras mashizha)
A
Filé inowanzowedzerwa kune gumbo mushure mokunge yabviswa pamoto, asi roux uye okra zvinowedzerwa panguva yekubika.
Gumbo guru zvinoshandiswa zvinowanzobatanidza nyama yemhuka, huku, sausage, uye shellfish, kunyange kubatanidza kwayo kunopesana zvichienderana nekusiyana kwemuganhu, kuwanika kwemwaka, kusarudzwa kwemhuri, uye kushungurudzika kwomukuru.
Nguva yekurima miriwo inenge iri nguva dzose iyo Utatu Hutsvene yeCajun cuisine: celery, anyanisi, uye bhero tsvuku tsvuku, uye izvi zvinodzwa zvakanaka uye zvinogadzirwa kusvikira zvisingachazivikanwi.
Vamwe vanobika vanogona kuwedzera garlic kana tsvuku tsvuku tsvuku, uye Creole gumbo dzimwe nguva dzinosanganisira tomato.
Kupisa miriwo nemiti inonhuwira zvakasiyana-siyana, asi inenge nguva dzose inosanganisira munyu, pepa cayenne, uye pepper yakasviba, uye inogonawo kusanganisira tsvuku tsvuku, bhazha, thyme, parsley, kana vamwe.
Gumbo Inoshandiswa Sei?
Gumbo inoshanda nguva dzose (kana kumativi) mupunga, uyewo tsika, muRaisiana mupunga inogadzirwa nechinangwa chekugadzira futi, yega yezviyo zvisinganamati pamwe chete. Cajun chicken uye masizi gumbo inowanzoshandiswa pamwe nechepakati chemafuta, mustardy mbatata saladhi, iyo vamwe vanhu vachabatanidza nechinguva chegumbo mu bite. Vamwe vabiki vachasasa anyezi yakasvibirirwa kana parsley pamusoro pemhizha imwe neimwe yegumbo seinoyevedza.
Gumbo Inobata Sei?
Kana iwe usati wambotora, iwe unogona kutarisira kuti zvinenge zvese zvakasiyana-siyana zvegumbo zvichava nehupfumi hunopfuma. Izvi zvinouya kubva kuhara roux. Mhando dzakasviba dzichawedzera kunyanya kusvuta, uye andouille sausage nemamwe marudzi anosvuta ndeye gumbo masizi anosarudza. Mamwe mahombekombe egungwa anogadzirwa pasina roux, uye zviri pachena kuti haazovi nerima rakafanana nerima.
Okra gumbo inogona kunge iri slimy kana gooey zvishoma, zvichienderana nehuwandu hweakra inoshandiswa.
Kana ukama uhwo hunokutambudza (izvo zvingava zvakadaro kana iwe usingadi huster kana mushroom nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwavo), usaronga okra gumbo. Filé gumbo yakafuma uye yakawanda uye ine unyanzvi husingazivikanwe (kana uchikwanisa, edza kufungidzira kusvibiswa mumidziyo wewaini - sassafras inosanganisira chigadzirwa chekudya chinokonzera bheri pamwe chete, uye vanogovera nyika).
Gumbo inowanzova yakanyatsonaka, asi haisi kunyanya kupisa-yako-miromo inonaka. Kana iwe usingajai kudya zvikafu zvinonaka, unogona kuzviwana zvakatsva nokuda kwekunakidza kwako, asi zvishoma zvishoma zvinopisa-zvinopisa kupfuura zvakawanda zvekudya zvaungawana pane imwe nzvimbo yekudyara yeIndia kana yeThai. Sezvakanyanya kudya Cajun neCreole, gumbo inowanzoshandiswa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinopisa patafura, saka unokwanisa kuzviunza kune yako pachako inopisa zvinonhuwira.
Zvimwe Zvimwe zveGumbo:
Creole Gumbo ndiyo yakasiyana-siyana inowanikwa muNew Orleans.
Inowanzo ine nheyo ye roux uye inotakurwa nehuku, soseji, shellfish, okra, utatu, uye dzimwe nguva matata.
Cajun Chicken uye Gusi Masizi anowanikwa muNew Orleans uye muSouth Louisiana yose, ane nhamba dzisingagumi dzekusiyana-siyana. Iine ine tsvina ye roux, inosanganisira huku uye soseji uye utatu. Iyo dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa ne filed powder patafura, kuwedzera pane iwe pachako kungwara. Munharaunda uye yakapoteredza Evangeline uye St. Landry Parishes, huku uye girasi gumbo inowanzoshandiswa nemazai akaomeswa ari kutenderera mairi.
Zvokudya zveGungwa zvinokanganisa zvakasiyana-siyana sezvaunogona kufungidzira, asi kazhinji zvinosanganisira shrimp, crab, uye oyster, uye chero nhamba ipi neipi ye "catch of the day" hove kana shellfiish, uye dzimwe nguva masizi. Yakagadzirwa nehove yehove uye inowanzove yakanyanya hove (kana iwe uri kutsvaga hove yakanyoroka, iyi haisi iwe iwe). Inowanzogadzirwa ne-base roux, uye okra inosarudzwa zvichienderana neharaunda kana nguva. Zvokudya zvegungwa zvegungwa zvine zvimwe zvinhu zvakafanana ne-bouillabaisse, uye vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanogadzira hukama pakati pezviviri.
Gumbo dzeHerbes ndiyo gumbo inoputsa mitemo yose. Hazvisiri gumbo nemaonero atakaisa, asi zviri kutakura zita re gumbo kwemakore mazana maviri, saka ndiani anokakavara. Iyi soup, iyo inogona kunge yakabatana neCaribbean callaloo, inowanzosava nyama isina nyama yakasanganiswa nemidhi yakasiyana-siyana, yakabikwa uye yakasvibiswa kuva mupfumi, mvura inonaka iyo inoratidzika kamukira ye nyama isina mwedzi Lenten. Zita racho, rinodanwa se "Gumbo zeb" rinobva kuFrance "gumbo aux herbes," zvinoreva kuti "gumbo yakaitwa nemadhoro."