Kunyange nekutyisidzira kwehugandanga, Europe inoramba iri nzvimbo yakachengeteka
Nekurwiswa kwechangobva kuitika kuBelgium neFrance, zvose zveEuropean Union uye United States vakaramba vakanyatsocherechedza kurwisa kwevagandanga munguva yemberi. Musi waMarch 3, Dhipatimendi reHurumende rakabudisa chirevo chavo chepasi rose kune vaAmerica vaifamba, vachiyambira "... mapoka emagandanga akadai seI ISI neAl-Qaida nevaya vanobatana navo vanoramba vachironga kusangana kwenguva nenguva muEurope." Munyika yeEurope, nyika zhinji-kusanganisira Belgium, France, Germany, neSpain - inoramba iri pangozi yekutambudzwa kwegandanga.
Izvo zvaityisa zvakazoitika apo vatatu vairwisa vakauraya zviputi munzvimbo mbiri dzakakwirira-mumigwagwa muBrussels, guta guru reBelgium, musi waMarch 22, 2016.
Nekunyanya kunetseka kuti kumwe kurwisana kwava pedo, vafambi vemunyika yose vanofanira kufungidzira kubvisa zororo ravo reEurope? Kunyange zvazvo zvigandanga zvekugadzirisa zviripo nguva dzose pasi rose reEuropean pasi, nyika dzekumadokero dzine nhoroondo yakaderera yechisimba kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika. Vasati vanyengedza, vafambi vanofanira kufungisisa zvinhu zvose kuti vaite chisarudzo chavakadzidza pamusoro pekufamba kwavo.
Nhoroondo yakaderedzwa yehugandanga hwemazuva ano muEurope
Kubvira munaSeptember 11 Mauto kuUnited States, nyika yakanyanyisa kuchenjerera kune kuita zvehugandanga. Kunyange zvazvo America yakave yakanyanyisa kukuvadzwa kwegandanga, Europe yakaonawo chikamu chavo chekurwisa. Maererano nedhesi rakagadzirwa neThe Economist , veEurope vakapona makumi maviri nemaviri nekurwisana kwegandanga zvichikonzera kufa kweviri kana kupfuura pakati pe1011 naJanuary 2015.
Nekurwiswa kwemazuva ano muBelgium, Denmark neFrance, nhamba yacho yakabva yatamira kune 26.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kwete zvose zvekurwiswa kwakatungamirirwa nekunamata zvakanyanya. Kusanganisira kuurayiwa kwemazuva ano muFrance neBelgium, vatongi veIslam vangoti ndivo vane mhosva yekutambudzwa kwegumi nemasere, vanomiririra pasi pehafu yenguva yechisimba.
Pakati pavo, kuurayiwa kwakaipisisa kwakange kuri kuBamilon kubhomba mabhomba muna 2004, kuendeswa kwevanhu veLondon muna 2006, uye kurwiswa kwemazuva ano muFrance neBelgium. Zvose zvakaparadzaniswa pakati pezvematongerwe enyika, maitiro ekuparadzanisa, kana zvikonzero zvisingazivikanwi.
IEurope inofananidzwa sei kune dzimwe nzvimbo?
Pasinei nehuwandu hwekutambudzwa kwe1 1.6 pagore, yeEuropean subcontinent inowanikwa pasi pehuwandu hwepasi rose hwekuuraya. Sangano reUnited Nations reDrugs uye UCriminal (UNODC) Global Study pamusoro pekuzviuraya rakawana chikwata cheEurope chekuuraya vanhu chaingova 3.0 chete pa100 000 yevanhu. Ivhareji yenyika yose yekuponda yaiva 6.2 pa100 000 yevanhu, uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinowedzera zvakanyanya zvakanyanya pangozi. IAmerica (kusanganisira United States) inotungamirira nyika ne 16.3 kuuraya vanhu ne100 000, asi Africa ine 12.5 inouraya ne100 000 yevanhu.
Sezvo kune munhu-ku-munhu kurwiswa, nyika dzeEurope zvakare dzinotaridzika nhamba dzakachengeteka. IUNODC inotsanangura kurwisa se "... kurwiswa kwemuviri kunorwa nemuviri wemumwe munhu kunokonzera kukuvara kwakakomba mumuviri." Muna 2013, United States yakarondedzera kushungurudzwa kunowanikwa munyika, iko kunyoresa zvinopfuura 724,000 - kana 226 pa100 000 vanhu. Kunyange zvazvo zvose zveGermany neUnited Kingdom zvose zvakarongedza pamusoro pekurwa kwose, nhamba dzavo dzakanga dzisinganyanyi kudarika mamwe marudzi pasi rose.
Mamwe marudzi akaudza nhamba yakakura yekurwisa inosanganisira Brazil, India, Mexico, uye Colombia .
Zvine ngozi here kuenda kuEurope nemhepo uye pasi?
Kunyange zvazvo mhirizhonga yeBelgium inotarisa humbhu hurumende dzevanhu, kusanganisira Brussels Airport uye nechiteshi chepasi, pasi rose zvinotakura zvinotakura zvinoramba zviri nzira yakakwana yakachengeteka yekuona nyika. Ikupedzisira kugandanga kwegandanga mukati meimwe ndege yebhizimisi kwakaitwa musi waOctober 31, 2015, apo imwe ndege yaiva neRussia airline ndege yeMetroJet yakasvibhorwa mushure mokubva kuEgypt. Somugumisiro, ndege dzakawanda dzeEurope dzakaderedza zvirongwa zvavo kuenda kumahofisi ezvikepe zveEgipita.
Wekupedzisira akaedza kubhomba ndege yakabva kuEurope ichienda kuUnited States yakaitwa muna 2009, apo Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab ane makore 23 akaedza kubvisa ipurasitiki yakafukidzwa yakavharwa mujasi rake.
Kunyange zvazvo makore akazotevera akawana nhamba inowedzera yezvombo zvichitsvaga kupfuudza Transportation Security Administration checkpoint , imwezve kurwiswa kwechikwata chekutengesa chakanga chisati chaitika.
Panyaya yekufambisa kwepasi pasi pose, kuchengetedzwa zvichiri kushandiswa. Maererano nedhipatimendi rakaunganidzwa neU.S. Department of Transportation, chiitiko chekupedzisira chakakwira munzvimbo dzekutakura kwevanhu vasati vasvika kuBrussels kutambudzwa kwakaitika kuMadrid, kuSpain. Vanhu vanopfuura 1 500 vakakuvadzwa nekuda kwemakwikwi akabatanidzwa.
Kunyange zvazvo kutyisidzirwa kwekutya kune vanotakura vatengesi ndeyechokwadi, vafambi vanofanirwa kuziva kuti mamiriro aya haasi chikamu cheupenyu hwezuva nezuva . Vaya vanoona kutyisidzira kunowanikwa mukati mevatakuri vevanhu vanofanira kuonana nemabasa ekukurumidzira nezvinetso zvavo, uye kugadzirira hurongwa hwekuchengeteka musati wasvika pabhodhi.
Ndezvipi zvandinosarudza zvekuregedza holide yeEurope?
Kana imwe nguva rwendo rwakaiswa, vatungamiri 'sarudzo dzekuregesa zvishoma nezvimwe zvinhu. Zvisinei, pane zvakaitika kune chiitiko chakavimbiswa, pane nzira dzakawanda vanofambira vanogona kuchinja zvirongwa zvavo vasati vaenda kana kuti mushure mokubva.
Vatambi vanozotenga tiketi yakazara-yekutengesa (dzimwe nguva inonzi "Yitikiti Y") inonyanya kushanduka pazvinosvika pakufamba kwavo. Pasi pemitemo iyi, vafambi vanogona kuchinja nzira dzavo pavanodhura mari, kana kunyange kubvisa rwendo rwavo kuti vadzorerezve. Zvisinei, iyo yega yega yekutengesa zvikwereti zvinokonzera mutengo: Mutengo wakakwana wekutengesa unogona kutenga mari yakakwirira kudarika avo vanotenga tekiti yekuderedza mari.
Imwe sarudzo inosanganisira kutenga inshuwarisi yefambi mberi kwekufamba. Neyo inshuwarisi yekufambisa inowanikwa, vafambi vanowana zvikwereti kuti vasiye mararamiro avo kana zviitiko zvekukurumidzira, kubhadharwa nekuda kwezvinhu zvinokonzerwa nekuda kwekufamba kwenguva, kana kudzivirira mutoro wavo mukati mendege. Kunyange zvazvo yakawanda mamiriro ezvinhu akawanzana akafukidzwa nehupenyu inshuwarisi, kududzira kwavo kutsanangura kunogona kuderera. Mune mitemo yakawanda, kufamba kunogona kungovhiringidza bumbiro ravo rehugandanga kana chiitiko chacho chiziviswa kushorwa nehurumende yenyika .
Pakupedzisira, kana chiitiko chegandanga, ndege dzakawanda dzinogona kupa vafambi mukana wekubvisa kana kuchinja zvirongwa zvavo. Pakarepo mushure mokurwiswa kweBrussels, dzose nhatu huru dzeAmerican ndege dzakapa vafambisi vezvikepe pavanenge vachienda, vachivapa kugadzirisa kuenderera mberi kwekufamba kwavo kana kuvadzora zvachose. Vasati vatarisira pane izvi, vanofambisa vanofanira kutarisa nevana vavo kuti vadzidze zvakawanda pamusoro pekuraira kwavo.
Ndingachengetedza sei zororo rangu rokuEurope?
Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinoti vafambi vanofanira kufunga nezvekutenga inshuwarisi yekufambisa vasati vasara, kuitira kuti vadzivirire kuchengetedza kwavo. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, vafambi vanove vaine imwe nzvimbo yekufambiswa kweinishuwarenzi kana vakagadzira rwendo rwavo pane kadhi rechikwereti iro rinopa kuvhengetedza kwevatengi . Kana vasina kudaro, ingangodaro nguva yekufunga nezvekutenga chikamu chechitatu chekufambisa inshuwarisi hurongwa.
Zvadaro, mufambi wega wega anofanirwa kufunga nezverongwa hwekuchengeteka asati asimuka uye paanenge achienda. Chirongwa chekuchengetedza chavo chinofanira kusanganisira kusika chikwata chekufambisa chikwata nemagwaro akakosha, kusayina kuDhipatimendi reDhipatimendi reDhipatimendi reState Travel Traveler (STEP), uye kuchengetedza nhamba dzekukurumidzira kunzvimbo yaunogara. Vafambi vanofanirwawo kuchengetedza nhamba yehurumende yavo yepamunharaunda, uye zive kuti vheti vemo vanogona sei uye havagone kupa vagari kune imwe nyika.
Pakupedzisira, avo vane hanya nezvekuchengeteka kwavo vose vanofanira kufunga nezvekutenga inshuwarisi yekufambisa neKuritsa chero chikonzero chekutanga kwekuronga rwendo rwavo. Nokuwedzera Kanzura chero ipi zvayo inogadziriswa, vafambi vanogona kugamuchira zvishoma zvekubhadhara mari yavo yekufambisa kana vakasarudza kusaenda rwendo. Nokuda kwevimbiso yakawedzerwa, vazhinji vanofambisa inishuwarenzi vachabhadhara mari yakawedzerwa yekuwedzera Cancel yeChikonzero Chese uye vanoda kuti vafambi vatenge zvirongwa zvavo mukati ma14 kusvika ku21 mazuva ekutora kwadzo kwokutanga.
Kunyange zvazvo pasina munhu anogona kugonesa kuchengetedzwa, vafambi vanogona kutora matanho akawanda ekuchengetedza kuchengeteka kwavo kunze kwenyika. Nokunzwisisa kutyisidzira kwezvino kuEurope uye mamiriro ose ezvinhu sezvazvakamira, vatsigiri vemazuva ano vanogona kuva nechokwadi kuti vanoita zvisarudzo zvakanaka zvekufamba kwavo iye zvino uye munguva yemberi.