Kusaziva tsika dzekuBurmese mitemo kunogona kuita kuti uiswe mujeri
Kuti uende naJim Croce, "Iwe hausi kutora kuCape's cape; iwe hauna kupfira mukati mhepo; iwe hausi kubvisa maski kubva kune ol 'Lone Ranger.'" Uye kuti uende nezviitiko zvangobva kuitika kuMyanmar , hauna kutora mufananidzo waBuddha pasina.
Vazhinji vevatorwa vakaita chikanganiso icho uye vakabhadhara zvikuru. Chazhinji munguva pfupi yapfuura, mutashambadzi wekuSpanish akange akabatanidzwa kune imwe yezvivakwa zveGagan apo vatongi vakaona tattoo yeBuddha pamhuru yake.
Muchiitiko chakafanana, mutashanyi weCanada akasungwa muInle Lake mushure mekunge imwe nzvimbo yakacherechedza chiso chaBuddha chichinyorwa pamakumbo ake. Vose vaviri vakakurumidza kubudiswa kubva kuMyanmar "kuti vadzivirire".
Uye zvose zviri zviviri zvakajeka pakuenzanisa nemutungamiri wenyika yeBangon uyo akashanda kwegore rimwe mujeri, nekuda kwekutumira mufananidzo weIndaneti weBuddha mu headphones.
Iyi mienzaniso inoratidza chokwadi chisina kunaka chekufamba muMyanmar. Vatorwa vokune imwe nyika vanogona kuve vanyengedzwa nekushandiswa kusinganzwisisiki kweBuddha iconography kune imwe nzvimbo munyika, zvino tsvaga nzira yakaoma iyo Myanmar inoshanda nemirairo yakaoma zvikuru. Uye nhoroondo yeMyanmar yakavhengana neMadokero kuva iyo iyo, zviremera zvemuhara zvinoda kuita muenzaniso wekuMadokero anotsika mutsara.
The Case of the Headphones-Wearing Buddha
Hei, kana Buddha Bar aigona kuzviita, nei VGastro aisakwanisa kuitawo izvozvo? Muchiedza chekusimudzira kugadziriswa kwavo pa Facebook, New Zealander Philip Blackwood akatumira mufananidzo weBuddha akapfeka misoro-headphones - achitonga kubva mumoyo wepfungwa, angave akanzwa pane chimwe chinhu chinotyisa.
Mufananidzo wacho wakabva waenda werachiona nekuda kwezvikonzero zvose zvisina kururama. Hasha dzeBurmese dzakapfuudza chifananidzo chakakomberedza pamasangano ezvehupfumi, uye kuratidzira kwakarongeka pamberi peVGastro bar - zvikurukuru yakapinda nevamongi vaisangana nehurumende yevaMuslim kune imwe nzvimbo kuMyanmar. Mapurisa emunharaunda akamanikidzwa kutora matanho; Blackwood yakasungwa pamwechete nemuridzi weBurma uye maneja munaDecember 2014, uye yakagara muYangon inonyanya kuzivikanwa neInsein Prison.
"Pakati penguva yekubvunzurudza, VaFiripi, avo vanomhanyira dare racho zvikuru, vakati akaisa pepanhau paIndaneti 9 musi waDecember kuti akurudzire bhar," Lt-Col. Mupiro wePaul, VaPresident-VaPurisa, vakazoudza magazini yeIrrawaddy. "Akati akazviita nokuti kushandiswa kweBuddha muzvitsvaga zviri mumafashoni munyika yose uye vakafunga kuti inokwezva kunyanya kufunga."
Mujeri, Blackwood yaisagona kubata kupumzika. Somunhu wokune imwe nyika, haana kubvumirwa chero vaenzi. Uye magweta mana emunharaunda akatendeuka nyaya yake pasi, imwe ichitaura nezvemapurisa.
Muna March 2015, Blackwood nevamwe vake veBurma vakatongerwa kwemakore maviri mujeri pasi pezvinyorwa 295 ne295 (a) zveMyanmar Penal Code inoranga "chitendero chinonyadzisa" uye "kukuvadza manzwiro echitendero." Imwe mwedzi mitanhatu yakasungirirwa pamutongo wekutyora mitemo yekugadza.
Gwenzi rekunyuka rakagadziriswa pakupera kwaJanuary gore rakatevera, ndokubva adzokera kuNew Zealand pakarepo.
Nyaya yeBuddha Leg Tattoos
Nokuenzanisa, Jason Polley naCesar Hernan Valdez vakabuda nyore.
Polley, purofesa wekuCanada yunivhesiti, ari kuita Mahayana Buddhist, uye akaudza CBC News kuti akawana mufananidzo weBuddha pamakumbo ake "kunomiririra shongwe yekutsigira."
Vamwe vaBurma havana kuona tattoo nenzira imwecheteyo. Apo Polley nemusikana wake vakashanyira Myanmar munaJuly 2014, mumwe mugari weBurmese akatora mufananidzo wegumbo rePolley ndokuita mutsamwa wehasha pamusoro pe Facebook uyo, wakafanana nefananidzo weBlackwood waBuddha, akakurumidza kukurudzira marudzi ose asina kunaka.
Icho chinopera chinzvimbo chaJason Buddha tattoo chaiva chinyaradzo. Mutauro weBurmese unoshamwaridzana neBalinese neThai nechepamuviri nhengo dzepamuviri, uye kuona kweBuddha zvakanyatsonyorwa pamakumbo evanhu kunokonzera kutaridzika kwemaziso kubva kune maBuddha anochengetedza.
Zviremera zvakanyeverwa, ndokubatwa naPolley kuInle Lake. Polley nemusikana wake vakakurumidza kuiswa pamotokari kuYangon International Airport, maawa 15; Vatungamiri vechiChinese Embassy muHong Kong vakapindira ivo, asi vaviri vacho vakasarudza kusiya chero zvakadaro.
"Taifunga kuti yakachengetedzeka kubva kune imwe nyika, ichinyorwa pamusoro peJason ... inopararira muMyanmar," musikana waPolley, Margaret Lam, akaudza South China Morning Post.
Makore maviri gare gare, mumwe weCesar Hernan Valdez (chitubu) akasungwa muBagan mushure mekunge monki achiona bhodhi rake yeBuddha uye akazviudza kumapurisa ekushanyirwa. (Uyu ndiwo mutauro weBurma-mutauro weChishanu wakaputsa mashoko.) SaPolley, Valdez akavharirwa, akaendeswa kuYangon ndokutumira kumba.
"Hatine chikonzero chekuvadzinga," Ushumiri hweMatongerwo Enhau uye Chechikoro Aung San Win akazotsanangura zvakare. "Tinongokumbira kuti vatarisire kuchengeteka kwavo nokuti vamwe vanhu vaizoona tattoo pamakumbo ake sekuzvidza chitendero."
Rwizi Rakakura Rwenyika Yose muMyanmar
Zviri nyore kutora kufanana pakati pezviitiko izvi muMyanmar uye nevakidzani vekuThailand kusatendeseka kune chero kutukwa kuna Mambo wavo. Kufanana naMambo muThailand, Buddhism muMyanmar inomirira pakati peBurmese nyika.
Uye kufanana neThai Monarch, chimiro cheBuddha chinoshanda senhare inokurudzira kune mamwe masangano evanhu vanofarira. Sezvo majeste majeste miedzo muThailand akakurira zvakasimba pamwe nehupfumi hwezvematongerwe enyika, kutambudzwa kweBuddha kunoratidzika kufambidzana nekunakirwa kwekunamata kwechiBurmese .
Mabuddhist mapoka emarudzi akaita se 969 Movement uye Ma Ba Tha vave nekusimbiswa kwakasimba, iyo vanoshandisa kusundira mitemo inorambidza rusununguko rwechitendero muMyanmar (vakadzi vechiBuddha, semuenzaniso, vanorambidzwa kuroorwa nevarume vezvimwe zvitendero, kuenda kune mvumo ichangobva kubvumidzwa).
Zvinokurudzira zvakadai semarudzi sezvo vari vechitendero, izvo zvinoita kuti veMadokero vakaita seBlackwood nePolley munzvimbo yakaipa. IvaBurma, vachiri kushungurudza kubva mukudzingwa kwavo kwemazana emakore pasi peBrithani Raj, havangazeze kudzokera kune vekuMadokero vachiona zvavanotenda zvakanyanya.
Zvidzidzo Zvakadzidza Nzira Yakasimba
Izvi hazvisi nzira yekuedza kupa mhosva vekuMadokero kunetseka, avo vanoita sevanokanganisa kusaziva mitemo yeMyanmar pamusoro pemanzwiro echitendero. Nguva yakaipa, zvakare, inoita chikamu: zvikanganiso zvavo zvingadai zvisina kunge zvakarohwa zvakanyanya munguva yakapfuura, asi kunzwa kwenyika muMyanmar ikozvino kwakashanduka.
Uye zvingave zvisiri nyore kugamuchira, asi kusafungirwa kwevatorwa zvechokwadi zviri mukati. MaBurmese angangodaro akabvuma vashanyi nemaoko akazaruka, asi kwete vose vanoita. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kuSouth-East Asia muvanhu vakawanda , kwete kuMyanmar chete: vagari vomunharaunda vanonyanya kufarira kune dzimwe nyika vanoita zvakaipa , uye kune vanhu vakakwana vakatsamwira pa Facebook kuti vaone kuti faux yako inofamba nehutachiona pakarepo. (Jason Polley akanga asinganzwisisiki nezvekudarika kwekattoo yake yegumbo yakanga yaita kuti vakuru veBurma vamuudze, "Iwe unonzwisisa kuti iwe uri Facebook star muMyanmar?")
Pane chidzidzo chimwe chete vafambi vanofanira kutora kubva pane izvi: musatora vatendi vekutenda kwenyika yako zvishoma . Izvi zvinoshanda zvakanyanya kuCambodia neIndonesia sezvinongoita kuMyanmar: sekusava nyore sezvinoitwa nevanhu vomunharaunda, vazhinji vavo vanotora mhedziso pamabasa anonyadzisa zvavanotenda.
Kusiyana neUnited States nedzimwe nyika dzemuWestern, nyika dzakawanda dzeSouth Asia dzakasimbisa chitendero chehurumende, mukuita kana isiri pamutemo. Myanmar, Thailand, uye Cambodia vose vane mitemo inoziva nzvimbo inokosha yeBuddha munzanga; Nyika dzechiKomonisiti dzakadai seLaos neVietnam dzichiri kuchengetedza vazhinji vesangano reBuddhist.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvikanganiso zvinokonzerwa nechitendero chekune dzimwe nguva zvinowanzova nemigumisiro yepamutemo. Uye pasipoti yako yekune imwe nyika haichaiti kudzivirira kwako; zvakapesana chaizvoizvo. (Mumatambudziko akadai, hapana magweta emunharaunda achada kubata nyaya yako nemapuranga manomwe-chingobvunza Philip Blackwood.)
Kuti ugare parutivi rwakachengeteka kuMyanmar (kana kune imwe nyika yacho, nokuda kwenyaya iyi), teerera mazano aya akajeka:
- Usataurirana nezvechitendero kune vanhu vekune imwe nzvimbo
- Chengeta chero chipi zvacho chechitendero chinyorwa (chitendero chero chipi zvacho) chiri pasi pezvinyorwa
- Tora mifananidzo ipi neipi yechitendero noruremekedzo - kubva pamifananidzo yeBuddha mutemberi kune chero zviyeuchidzo zveBuddha zvitsva
Kuti uwane mamwe mazano emunyika-mazano, verenga zvinyorwa zvedu zveDo uye Usati uri muMyanmar , Etiquette muCambodia uye Do uye Usati uri muThailand . Uyewo zvakakosha: verenga pamusoro peDo uye Mazano eHuddhist Temples .