Imhosva yeHanoi yakanga isingazivikanwi yakabata vasungwa vose veVietnamese neAmerica
Hapana chinokugadzirira iwe kuti unofadza sei Hoa Iri Prison muHanoi, Vietnam inogona kuva. Kushanyira ku "Hanoi Hilton" kunogona kukurudzira kusuruvara, kunyangadza, uye, zvichienderana nevematongerwe enyika, kunaka kwakasiyana kwekutsamwa.
Kanganwa pamusoro pe "Hanoi Hilton" inotsanangurwa muzvinyorwa zvinyorwa nevasara vakaita saJohn McCain naRobinson Risner, kana mafirimu akaita seHanoi Hilton . Zviratidzo zvejeri zvinongotaura nezvekutambudzika kwevashanduri veVietnam vakange vakavharwa (uye dzimwe nguva vachiurayiwa) pano apo vaFrench vakanga vari vatenzi veVietnam mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20.
Apo iyo POWs yeAmerica inoita kuonekwa, inoratidzirwa sechave-yakagadzirwa, yakarapwa zvakanaka, uye ichiita zvakanaka nevatapi vavo - vose vari muimba imwe chete vakanyatsocherechedza naJohn McCain vakatora sutu yeendege.
Kunyange zvakadaro, Hoa Lo Jeri inofanirwa kushanyira, kana chete kuti uwane ruzivo rwechikoloni sezvinonzi ivo veVietnam vanofanirwa kuitaura, uye fungidzira pane nyaya dzisingatauri nemasvingo asina kunyarara uye zvidzitiro zvakaratidzwa zvakakurumbira. Kufamba Nemazuva Ano Hanoi Hilton
Zvamunoona nezvemazuva ano eHoa Lo Prison chaizvoizvo chete chikamu chiduku chekumaodzanyemba chejeri rakazara mushure mezuva; yakawanda yejeri yakaparadzwa pakati pe1990 yekuita nzira yeHanoi Towers, hofisi yakajeka nehotera yakaoma zvakanyanya zvakanyanyisa mumatongerwo enyika zvingadai zvakashamisa Ho Chi Minh.
Dambudziko remazuva ano rinogona kupinda kuburikidza negedhi reHoa Lo Street, rinozivikanwa neVietnam vasungwa se "Monster's Mouth".
Uyu suo unowanikwa nemashoko anonzi Maison Centrale , kana kuti "imba yepamusoro", chirevo chechiFrench chinowanzozivikanwa chemajeri eguta. (Ijeri iri kuConakry, Guinea inoramba ichizivikanwa seCommet Centrale kusvikira nhasi.)
- Rwendo rwokufamba rwakafananidzirwa rweHoa Lo Jeri rinogona kuverengwa pano: Kutarirwa kwe "Hanoi Hilton" - Imhosva yeChefamous Hoa muHanoi, Vietnam .
Kuongorora MuHanoi Hilton
Hoa Lo Jeri rakagadzirwa neFrench pakati pe1886 kusvika muna 1901, uye yakagadziridzwazve muna 1913. Vatungamiri vechiFrance vechikoloni vaifunga kuti vaite muenzaniso weVietnam agitators yekuzvimiririra, uye ndeipi nzira iri nani yekuita izvozvo kudarika kuisa jeri pakati peguta?
A kugara muHanoi Hilton kwakanga kusina pikiniki. Kubvira pazuva rimwe, Hoa Lo yakanga yakazara zvakanyanya-apo huwandu hwayo hwakanga huine vasungwa mazana matanhatu, vanopfuura 2 000 vakavharwa mukati memasvingo avo muna 1954.
Vasungwa muHoa Lo vakanga vakanamatira pasi uye vaiwanzorohwa nevarindi. Iko "E" kugadziriswa (inoratidzwa pamusoro apa) yakaisa vasungwa vezvematongerwe enyika, avo vakagumburwa munzvimbo yekugara uye vakaronga mumitsetse miviri. Imwe nyanzvi inomira kune imwe mugumo wekugadzika, mukuona zvakakwana vamwe vasungwa.
Kuurayiwa kwakaitwa muHoa Lo Prison nenzira yenhare yegillotine, iyo inomira pedyo nejeri rorufu rwendo.
Asingazivi, vaFrance vaivaka muHoa Lo incubator ye revolution. Hoa Lo vasungwa vakaziva nezveKomonisiti kuburikidza neshoko remuromo, uye nhepfenyuro dzakapfuudzwa dzakapoteredza uye dzakanyorwa dzakanyorwa dzisina kuonekwa dzakagadzirwa kubva mune zvekurapa. Vanenge vashanu vanyori veZvinyori veZvivhinzi veVietnam Communist Party vachapedza makore avo emhando muHoa Lo Prison.
American POWs muHanoi Hilton
Sangano rekuAmerica kunze kwenyika rakatendeukira kuIndochina, kurwisana kwepakati pakati pemiganhu miviri yeVietnam yakangozvimirira yaizochinja Hoa Lo Prison zvakare.
Hurumende yeHanoi-yeCommunist yeNorth Vietnam yakanga ichida kuchengetedza Hoa Lo Jeri sechiyeuchidzo chechisimba cheFrance. Asi nhamba dzekuwedzera dzeAmerica POWs dzakadaidza kuchinja kwezvirongwa.
MuHoa Lo Jeri remazuva ano, chiitiko cheAmerica POW muHoa Lo jeri rinoratidzwa - chena rakashambidzwa , chaizvo-muzviratidzo zviviri zvakaitwa kuti zvionekwe sevasungwa vakanaka. Kudzoka musi, kunyange zvakadaro, nzvimbo iyi yaitya "imba yebhuruu", apo vasungwa vatsva vaibvunzurudzwa uye vakatambudzwa kana vasina kuita. Animbova POW Julius Jayroe anotaura nezvechiitiko chake chokutanga muBlue Room:
"Ndakatakurwa kuenda kuHanoi uye ndakataurira kuNobobby Blue Room muNew Guy Village chikamu cheHanei Hilton (Hoa Lo Prison) yakaipa. Nhamba yeusiku ihwohwo, zuva rakatevera, uye usiku hunotevera, yakatsungirira kutambudzwa (yakasimba mikombe, tambo, kurohwa) nekuramba kupa chero ruzivo rwemashoko, nzvimbo, sn, uye dob. "
Hapana chiri muBlue Room yemazuva ano inoratidza kushungurudzwa kunoitwa mukati mamasvingo aro; panzvimbo pacho, cheery mifananidzo inoratidza kuchena-kuchema POWs kuita Krisimasi kudya kwemanheru, pamwe chete nezviratidzo zvevasungwa vakanatswa padziviriro.
Ichokwadi cheHanoi Hilton Told Pane imwe nzvimbo
Iwe uchafanirwa kuwana rutivi rweAmerica rweHoa Lo Prison kubva mumabhuku akanyorwa nevaimbova vaeni veHanoi Hilton. Izvo zvinotevera POWs paHoa Lo pakupedzisira akanyora mabhuku anotaura nezvezviitiko zvavo.
Admiral James Stockdale akachengetwa ari oga ari muHoa Lo - akazvikuvadza kuti avadzivise veVietnam kubva kumushandisa senhema yekuparadzira. Mushure mokunge asunungurwa muna 1973, Admiral yakabudiswa muIndaneti Chiitiko: Makumi Makore okufungisisa achitaura nezvemakore ake muHanoi Hilton.
Brigadier General Robinson Risner ndiye akanga ari mukuru POW muHoa Lo Prison. Risner pakupedzisira akabudisa nhoroondo yemhuka, The Passing of the Night: My Seven Years Sejeri reNorth Vietnam , rinotsanangura zvakaitika kwaari semusungwa wehondo muHoa Lo.
Sénata uye muna 2008 VaRobertan vakagadzwa mutungamiri wehurumende, John McCain, vakaurayiwa muna 1967 uye vakavharirwa kuHoa Lo uye kubva muna 1967 kusvika muna 1973. Kuparara kwake uye kukuvadzwa kwakange kwakaipa kwazvo, akanga asina kutarisirwa kurarama, asi akachengeterwa hutano ne shamwari yake POWs. McCain akazotaura nezveHoa Lo zvakaitika kwaari mubhuku rake rinonzi Faith of My Fathers .
Iko kuAmerica POW kuHoa Lo Prison yakafuridzira firimu Hanoi Hilton iyo yakashandisa kubvunzurudza nevekare-POWs sezvivako zvekutsvaga kwekunyadzisa kwakaitwa mufirimu.
Kuenda kuHanoi Hilton
Nzira iri nyore yekuenda kuHoa Lo Prison iri pamatekisi - 1 Pho Hoa Lo iri pakona ye Pho Ha Ba Trung, kumaodzanyemba kweHoan Kiem Lake pamuromo weChirungu cheFrench. Verenga pamusoro pemotokari muHanoi, Vietnam .
Ijeri rinovhurika kubva 8am kusvika pa5 masikati, zuva roga roga revhiki, nechingwa chamangwanani kubva pa11: 30 mangwanani kusvika 1:30 pm