Hapana anonyatsoziva kuti shoko rokuti "spa" rinobva kupi, asi kune pfungwa mbiri huru. Yokutanga, uye yakakurumbira, iyo "spa" inotsanangurwa nemutauro wechiLatini inonzi salus pamvura kana "utano nemvura." Vamwe vanotenda kuti zvakatanga sei shoko rokuti "spa" rinobva kuguta reBelgium rinonzi Spa, rinozivikanwa kubvira panguva dzeRoma nokuda kwezvokugeza. Vanofungidzira kuti guta racho raive rakakurumbira zvokuti ndiro izwi rokuti spa rakava rakafanana mumutauro weChirungu uye nzvimbo inofanira kudzorerwa uye inogadziriswa.
Pasinei nokuti ndezvechokwadi, tinoziva kuti maruva emazuva ano ane midzi mumaguta ekare akakurira akapoteredza mvura yemvura uye zvitubu zvinopisa zvaizivikanwa nokuda kwemasimba avo ekuporesa. Kushandiswa kwezvitubu zvinopisa zvinodzoka zvakare kupfuura-zvichida chero vanhu pavakatanga kuzviwana. Dzakanga dzichishandiswa nevanhu vemarudzi, uye vaGiriki vaizivikanwa nokugeza mune zvitubu zvinopisa uye nemvura. Kune vaRoma, mabhati ekugezera akanga ari nzvimbo kwete kungochenesa, asi pakushamwaridzana, tsika yakapararira kumabvazuva uye yakashandurwa kusvika kuMiddle East hammam .
Ikushambidzwa kweRoma kwakawa neumambo, asi vanhu vachiri kukoshesa zvitubu zvinopisa uye zvicherwa. Pane imwe nguva apo mishonga yeMadokero yaipiwa zvishoma mu nzira dzokurapa, vanhu vaizoenda kumatsime ekurapa zvirwere zvavo. Munguva dzemazuva ano, zvivako zvaive zvepakutanga uye vapfumi nevarombo vakanga vasina kuparadzaniswa, asi vakashambidzwa mumadzimai mamwechete.
Chiito ichocho chaizoguma sezvo vapfumi vakawana vaigona "kutora mvura" munzvimbo dzakaisvonaka.
The Great 19th Century Spa Towns
Pakazosvika zana remakore remakore rechi19, Kurde yakakura yeEurope ("maguta ekurapa") akadai saBaden-Baden, Bad Ems, Bad Gastein, Karlsbad, uye Marienbad vakanga vari nzvimbo dzakashata kune vapfumi uye dzichikwidziridzwa nedzimwe dzimba dzevakadzi, maererano naDavid Clay Mukuru, munyori we The Great Spas of Central Europe (Rowman & Littlefield, 2015), Iyi mizinda yakakura yepastia yaiva "yakaenzana nemazuva ano emakirini ekurapa, rehab retraats, gorofu, nzvimbo dzomusangano, mafirimu emitambo, mhemberero dzemimhanzi, uye nzvimbo dzepabonde-dzose dzakapinda Poshi."
Chimwe chikonzero chekushushikana ndechekuti mishonga yeMadokero yakanga isina zvakawanda zvokupa panguva iyoyo. Kuporesa mvura ndiyo yakanakisisa sarudzo yekusununguka kwechirwere cheArthritic, kupumha, kudya uye zvirwere zvinotyisa. "Vanhu vakaenda kune spas vachitarisira kurapa zvinhu zvose kubva pamukenza kusvika kune gout," Kubha kunyora. "Asi kazhinji sekuti 'vanodzivirira' vakaenda kunotamba, kuti vafarirwe, uye kuti vagare pamwe chete. Muhupenyu hwavo hukuru hwepasita dzaive dzakasvibiswa zvehutano hwemagariro, meccas yezvokwadi. vatongi vanoburukira kuKurorte kuti vataure zvibvumirano, kuita zvimbiso, uye kuronga hondo. "
The Rise of the Modern Spa
Hondo mbiri dzenyika uye kuwedzera kwekurapa kwemazuva ano kwakaita zvakawanda kuti kuderedze hupfumi hwemasimba makuru e spa. IEurope ichiri ine tsika yakachena yekugeza, sezvinogona kuonekwa mumabhati makuru eGermany uye thalassotherapy spas yeFrance, Spain neItaly.
MuAmerica, vanhu vakatanga kuona zvitubu zvinopisa uye mineral spas sezvakanga zvisati zvamboitika uye kupinda kwakapera. Kuwedzera kwechizvarwa chitsva che spas chakatangira muna 1940, apo Edmond naDeborah Szekely vakazarura Rancho La Puerta kuMexico sokutanga kuenda kunzvimbo ye "nutriti nuts." Deborah akapfuurira kutanga Golden Door kumaodzanyemba kweCalifornia muna 1958.
Zese spas dzichiri pakati pezvakanaka munyika.
Vakabatsira kubatsira nzira yeThe Oaks paOjai muna 1977, iyo yakafuridzira Mel naEnid Zuckerman kuti vashandure Canyon Ranch Tucson muna 1979. Ma1990 uye mberi kwaiva nguva yekukura kwakakura, uye nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza dzichiwedzera kuwedzera kwepas, uye kuputika kwezuva . Muna 2015 maiva nemafuta anopfuura 21 000 muUnited States, vazhinji vavo mazuva masikati, maererano neInternational Spa Association.