El Zócalo izwi rinoshandiswa kureva nzvimbo huru yeguta reMexico. Zvinotendwa kuti shoko rinobva kuItaly term termccolo , zvinoreva plinth kana pedestal. Muzana remakore rechi19, pedestal yakagadzwa pakati pekona huru yeMexico City iyo yaizove iyo nheyo yechitubu chaizoyeuchidza rusununguko rweMexico. Ichi chifananidzo chakanga chisina kumboiswa munzvimbo uye vanhu vakatanga kutarisa kumakero pachavo seZócalo.
Iye zvino mumaguta akawanda eMexico, nzvimbo yakakwirira inonzi Zócalo.
Colonial Town Planning
Muna 1573, Mambo Firipi II akagadzwa muMitemo yeIndies iyo maguta emakoloni muMexico uye mamwe maSolumbia makoroni anofanira kurongwa nenzira imwe. Vaizofanira kuiswa mukati megirati yegridhi neipakiti rekwangwani mukati-kati yakapoteredzwa nemigwagwa yakajeka iyo inopindirana pamakona akanaka. Chechi yaifanira kuve kune rumwe rutivi (kazhinji kumabvazuva) kwemahombekombe, uye chivako chehurumende chaifanira kuvakwa kune rumwe rutivi. Zvivakwa zvakakomberedza nzvimbo yacho zvaizova nemasvingo ekubvumira vatengesi kuti vagadzire zviri nyore shop ipapo. Nzvimbo yepakati yaive yakagadzirirwa kuva yechitendero, zvematongerwo enyika, yehupfumi uye tsika yemuguta.
Mazhinji emaguta eMexico anokonzera urongwa urwu, asi kune mamwe, akadai semataundi emigodhi eTareco neGuanajuato, ayo akavakirwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana apo nzvimbo iyi yakanga isingagoni kuzadzikiswa zvizere.
Aya maguta ane migwagwa yemhepo panzvimbo yemigwagwa yakajeka mune rimwe grid muenzaniso watinowanzoona.
Mexico City Zócalo
Guta reMexico Zocalo ndiyo yekutanga, inomiririra, uye yakakurumbira. Zita rayo rinonzi Plaza de la Constitución . Iyo iri pamusoro pematongo eguta guru reAztec Tenochtitlan.
Nzvimbo yacho yakavakwa mukati meChembere Precinct yeAztec uye yaiva chikamu cheMuzinda waMambo, iyo temberi huru yeAztec, yakatsaurirwa kuna vanamwari Huitzilopochtli (mwari wehondo) uye Tlaloc (mwari wemvura). Yakasungirirwa kumabvazuva ne-inonzi "Imba Matsva" yeMotecuhzoma Xocoyotzin uye kumavirazuva ne "Casas Viejas" kana Palace of Axayácatl. Mushure mekusvika kwevaSpanish muma1500, Templo Mayor rakaparadzwa uye vavaki veSpain vakashandisa matombo kubva kune imwe uye dzimwe dzimba dzeAztec kugadzirira nzvimbo itsva yePazare mugore ra1524. Zvakasara zvetemberi huru yeAztec zvinogona kuonekwa mu Templo Meya nzvimbo yezvokuchera matongo iri pedyo nechokumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwenzvimbo, kunze kweMexico City Metropolitan Cathedral .
Munharaunda yaro yose, nzvimbo yacho yakapinda mumumhanzi yakawanda. Zvivako, zvivako, magarisi, misika, migwagwa yezvitima, zvitubu nezvimwe zvishongo zvakaiswa uye zvakabviswa kakawanda. Muna 1956 nzvimbo yacho yakawana kuonekwa kwayo kwemazuva ano: nzvimbo yakakura yepane 830 neyendimita makumi mashanu (195 x 240 mamita) ine mureza mukuru mukati.
Parizvino, iron yeZócalo inoshandiswa senzvimbo yekuratidzira mhirizhonga, mabasa ekuzorodha akaita sechando rink munguva yeKrisimasi, makonti, mafirimu uye mabhuku ehuku kana seboka guru rekuunganidza kukoshesa rubatsiro rwevaMexico kana zviitiko zvenjodzi dzinongoitika dzoga .
Mutambo wegore negore we " Grito " unoitirwa muZócalo gore roga roga kupemberera Mazuva Ekuzvidzivirira kweMexico musi wa15 Svondo. Iyi nzvimbo ndiyo nzvimbo yekufamba uye dzimwe nguva kupembera.
Kana iwe uchida kuva nemaonero akanaka eMexico City Zócalo, pane maresitorendi mashoma uye maresitorendi anopa panoramic maonero akafanana neresitorendi yeGran Hotel Ciudad de México, kana iyo ye Best Western Hotel Majestic. I Balcón del Zócalo inopawo maonero akanaka uye iri muHotel Zócalo Central.
Zócalos dzemamwe maguta zvinogona kuva nemiti nemagetsi pakati peOaxaca City Zócalo uye Guadalajara's Plaza deArmas , kana tsime, sePuebla's Zócalo . Vanowanzova nemabhaji nemakamuri mumasasa anotenderedza avo, saka vari nzvimbo yakanaka yekutora kubva pakatarisa kuona uye kufara nevamwe vanhu vachitarisa.
NeZimwe Zita Rimwe ...
Izwi rokuti Zócalo rakajairika, asi mamwe maguta muMexico anoshandisa mamwe mazwi kuti ataure kumakona avo makuru. MuSan Miguel de Allende, nzvimbo yakakwirira yakawanzonzi El Jardín uye muMérida inonzi La Plaza Grande . Kana usina chokwadi iwe unogona kukumbira "la plaza mukuru" kana kuti "plaza meya" uye munhu wose achaziva zvauri kutaura nezvazvo.