Mharidzo kuAfrika Nhamba Dzakawanda dzeAfrika

01 of 06

Vakuru Vashanu: Kutanga Africa Safari Royalty

Kana uri kuronga muAfrika safari, iwe uchaziva kuti izwi rokuti 'Big Five' nderimwe remashoko ekutengeserana anonyanya kushandiswa mumushandi we safari. Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza mitambo iyo inogadzira Big Five inowanzoshandisa iyi ichi seyoti yavo huru yekutengesa-asi zvinorevei? Mune zvekuchengetedzwa kwemitambo uye mapaki emarudzi eSouth Africa , Big Five inomiririra safari madzimambo - yeAfrica shumba, ingwe yeAfrica, nzombe yeAfrica, Cape buffalo, uye rhino (kana iri chena kana yakasviba).

Mutsara wacho wakatanga kubatanidzwa nevashambadzi vemusikana vepakutanga vakaziva kuti mhuka idzi dzaive dzakaoma uye dzakaipisisa mhuka kuti dzivhimbe netsoka. Izvo zvakavaita zvikomborero zvikuru, saka, Big Five. Nhasi, mutsara wacho wauya kuzomiririra sara yakazonyanya kufungidzirwa kuona-kunyange, chaizvoizvo, iyi inhau yezvaunoda. Mamwe ematambudziko anonyanya kuparara, akanaka kana ane tsvina muAfrica haatauri paGuta Rishanu Guru kusanganisira cheetah , imbwa yekuAfrica, tiraira, uye mvuu .

02 of 06

African elephant

Imwe nzombe yeAfrica ( Loxodonta africana ) ndiyo inotakura nyika uye yakaoma zvikuru mhuka, ine munhu mukuru pane imwe nhoroondo yakakura mumatani anopfuura 10/22 000 pounds. Vanowanikwa munyika 37 pasi-Sahara uye vanogona kurarama munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasiyana-siyana, kubva kunzvimbo dzakasvibira kunzvimbo dzakasviba.

Nyemba dzeAfrica dzakanyatsotaridzika kutaridzika kumagariro avo, kubva paganda ravo rakakura (rinovadzivirira kubva kuminzwa inopinza yegwenzi) kune nzeve dzavo dzakawanda (iyo inobatsira kuparadzira kupisa uye kutonga kutonhora kwemuviri). Vanokwanisa kudya kusvika mabhiriyoni makumi mashanu emvura uye makirogiramu 375 ezvinomera zuva rimwe nerimwe.

Nzoufu dzakawanda kwazvo mhuka. Vanorarama mumapoka anotungamirirwa nevatongi vanowanzowedzera vanhu vanopfuura zana uye vanotaura vachitaura nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzisingatauri dzinogona kufamba makiromita akawanda. Mhuru dzechikadzi dzinowanzogara nemombe munguva yehupenyu hwavo hwose, nepo varume vaduku vachienda kuti vagadzire mapoka ezvidzidzo uye pakupedzisira vagadzire mombe dzavo.

Muma1970 uye '80s, kudiwa kwenyika kune nenyanga dzenzou kwakaita kuti kuderera kunoshamisa kwe nhamba dzetevu. Kurambidzwa kwebhizimisi rose rwenyanga dzakabatsira kubatanidza vanhu kusvika 600 000 muzana remakore rapfuura, asi kudengenyeka kuchiri nyaya huru pane dzimwe nzvimbo dzeAfrica apo kune kusagadzikana mune zvematongerwo enyika. Sezvo zvakadaro, nzou yeAfrica inorondedzerwa seIkuvhiringidza paIUCN Red List.

Kwatingaona Nherera: Chobe National Park , Botswana; Addo Elephant National Park , South Africa; Hwange National Park , Zimbabwe; South Luangwa National Park, Zambia.

03 of 06

African Lion

IAfrica lion ( Panthera leo ) ndiye mambo asingazivikanwi weSahara ye Sahara uye ndiyo yechipiri-yakakura kate yakakura pashure payo. Kunyange zvazvo shumba dzimwe nguva dzinovhima masikati, ivo vanowanzoshanda usiku iyo ndiyo inofanirwa kuti zuva rose safari kuona zvisikwa zvemafu avete mumumvuri. Shumba dzinogona kurara kwemaawa makumi maviri pazuva.

Kusiyana nedzimwe mhuka, shumba zvikara zvemagariro evanhu. Vanorarama mumakumbo kazhinji anoumbwa nemumwe (kana dzimwe nguva maviri) varume, vakadzi vazhinji, uye vana vavo. Shumba dzinowanzotora zvakanyanyisa pakunoshambadza, kazhinji kushanda pamwe chete kuti zvigadzire mhuka dzakakura. Ivo vari kuvandira vachenjeri, vachishandisa mavara avo emagetsi semafungidziro anobudirira.

Munzvimbo dzesango, shumba dzinogona kurarama kusvika kune makore gumi nemashanu, kunyange zvazvo vakawanda vanoona huwandu hwakawanda hwekufa kwevana, asi varume vanowanzofa apo vachirwa kuti vadzivirire ndima yavo. Shumba dzechikadzi dzinokwanisa kubvumirana kuberekwa kwevana vavo kuitira kuti vagone kubatsira mumwe nomumwe kuti avamudze. Cubs inoberekwa ne rosette markings iyo inopera munguva.

Shumba dzine zvishomanana zvisikwa zvisikwa, kunyange zvazvo bhanga rinowanzopwanya vana. Zvichifanotaurwa, munhu ndiye mhuka huru kune ngozi. Tsika dzekutsvaga kwetsika, vavhimi vemitambo mikuru, uye huwandu hwekurasikirwa kwenzvimbo dzose zvakabatsira kuderedza shumba dzinowanikwa muAfrica, uye saizvozvo, shumba inorondedzerwa seIkuvhiringidza paIUCN Red List.

Kwatingaona Shumba: Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, South Africa; Okavango Delta , Botswana; Maasai Mara National Reserve , Kenya, Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania.

04 of 06

African Leopard

Iyo ingwe yeAfrica ( Panthera pardus ) ndiyo inonyanya kukosha yezvipfuwo zvishanu. Nenzira inonyadzisa uye chete usiku, ingwe dzinopedza masikati masikati dzakavanzika kubva pakuona. Ivo vanonyanya kukwira, vachishandisa miti kuti vaone zvinopambwa uye kuchengetedza vatsva vanouraya kunze kwezvisikwa se shumba ne hyena. Kana uri kutsvaga ingwe, yeuka kutarisa kumusoro.

Leopards inoshamisa yakavhiringidzwa nemutsara wemavara ematema, kana rosettes. Vane nzvimbo huru uye kashoma kugara munzvimbo imwe chete kwemazuva mashoma. Varume vanowedzera zvakanyanya kudarika vakadzi uye vanocherechedza kuvapo kwavo kuburikidza nekukanya nekusiya magetsi. Ivo vakasimba zvakasimba uye vanogona kutora pasi mhuka dzakakura kudarika ivo pachavo.

Kubudirira kwavo kuvhima kunotsigira kukwanisa kwavo kumhanyira nokukurumidza kwemairaira makumi matatu / 56 makiromita paawa. Vanokwanisawo kudonha mamita mamita matatu / mamita matatu mumhepo uye vanonyatsoshambira. Leopards inoparidzirwa pasi peSahara yeAfrica uye ndeimwe yezvishoma zviduku zvemitambo zvinowanikwa kunze kwenharaunda dzenyika.

Mavara matsvuku pamucheto wemiswe yawo uye kumashure kwezeve dzavo dzinoita kuti vanaamai vatarise vana vavo kunyange muuswa hurefu. Sezvimwe nezvimwe zvinyorwa zvishanu, ingwe dzinopisidzirwa nevanhu. Encroaching farmlands yakaderedza nzvimbo yavo, asi varimi vanowanzovapfura kuti vadzivise kuuraya zvipfuwo zvavo. Izvo zvinorondedzerwa seZvhirwereka paIUCN Red List.

Kwatinoona Leopard: Londolozi Game Reserve, South Africa; Moremi Game Reserve, Botswana; South Luangwa National Park , Zambia; Samburu National Reserve, Kenya.

05 of 06

Cape Buffalo

Cape buffalo ( Syncerus caffer ) inowanikwa mumvura ine pfuma yemafuta uye mapaki emunyika yose kuSouth Africa. Kune zvikamu zvina zviduku zveCape buffalo, iyo huru pane iyo ndiyo inonyanya kuonekwa muEast uye Southern Africa.

Bhupalo dzeCape zvisikwa zvipenyu uye vakazviwanira mukurumbira seimwe yemhuka dzine ngozi muAfrica. Vanowanzotadza, kunyanya pavanotyisidzirwa, uye vane zvigaro zvakakanganiswa zvenyanga dzakapfava dzakaputika. Bhobho yemurume inogona kurema zvakakura se 920 kilogram / 2,010 pounds.

Pasinei nehukama hwavo hunotyisa, bhutari vane rugare kune mumwe nomumwe, dzimwe nguva vanoungana munzvimbo dzakasununguka mumapoka evanhu vanopfuura chiuru. Ivo vanodzivirira nhengo dzavo dzisina simba, kazhinji vachigadzira denderedzwa rinodzivirira pamirwere yevanorwara kana vaduku pavanenge vachirwiswa kubva pakurwiswa kweshumba.

Bhupalo yeCape inofanira kunwa mazuva ese uye inowanzowanikwa pedyo nemvura. Vanodya kureba, uswa hwakaoma uye mashizha, uye saizvozvo haagoni kurarama murenje. Bhupalo yeCape inoramba iine imwe yezvinyorwa zvakadzingwa zvakapambwa zvemhuka kune vashandi vemajeni makuru, uye ivo vanonyanya kunetseka nezvirwere zvemombe zvemombe zvakadai se rinderpest uye chirwere chechirwere chetachiona.

Kwatinoona Cape Buffalo: Kruger National Park, South Africa; Chobe National Park, Botswana; Katavi National Park, Tanzania; Zambezi National Park, Zambia.

06 of 06

White and Black Rhino

Iko kune marudzi maviri ehhino muAfrica: dhino bhino ( Diceros bicornis ), uye white rhino ( Ceratotherium simum ). Vose vari pangozi yekuparara nekuda kwechirwere chekudzivirira chinokonzerwa nekudiwa kwenyanga yehhino mumasiko eAsia. Inofungidzirwa kuti pane mazana mashanu emabhiza madema uye makumi maviri ehhhhhhhino yakasara musango.

Ikozvino, zvitatu zvisikwa zvemhando dzemavara zvakasvibiswa zvakaparadzwa, nechokumusoro bhino bhino chave chava kupera musango. Conservationists vari kushanda vasinganeti kuti vadzivirire zvisikwa zvitsva, asi hupenyu hwavo huri kure nekuchengeteka. Mhino mutsvuku inorondedzerwa seCritically Endangered paIUCN Red List.

Pasinei nemazita avo, hapana musiyano muvara pakati pevatema uye vhino bhino. Nzira yakareruka yekuudza zvipenyu zvakasiyana ndeyekutarisa pamiromo yavo-mhino dzvuku dzakataridzirwa uye dzinofungidzirwa, nepo rhino chena yakazara uye yakafara. Izwi rechiDutch rokuti "rakakura" ndi "wijd", uye iri kushorwa kwezwi iri rinopa white rhino zita racho.

Mhando dzemahombe dzinowanzova dzoga uye dzine mukurumbira wekusava nehasha, nepo mabhinhire machena anowanzogara ari vaviri. Mhando dzemahombe dzinosarudza nzvimbo dzomugwenga uye dzinopisa uye dzinoshandiswa nevheji; apo mhenje mitsvuku inodyisa munzvimbo dze savannah yakazaruka. Inofungidzirwa kuti mahhino akafamba nemapata eAfrica kwemakore makumi mashanu emakore.

Kwatingaona Rhino: Etosha National Park , Namibia; Hluhluwe-Imfolozi Park, South Africa; Lewa Widlife Conservancy, Kenya; Mkomazi National Park, Tanzania

Nyaya yakasarudzwa naJessica Macdonald